1 Samuel
The Book of 1 Samuel offers profound insights into the transition of Israel from a theocracy under God to a monarchy, highlighting themes of obedience, leadership, and divine calling. As A.W. Tozer once said, “The man who is a Christian in his heart is a man who obeys God without question,” a truth exemplified in the lives of Samuel, Saul, and David.
Session
1: "A Mother’s Prayer, A Nation’s Future"- 1 Samuel 1–2
Printable Handout
Focus: To understand the power of prayer and dedication in shaping God's plan.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. Have you ever prayed desperately for something? How did it shape your faith? – 2. In today's society, how do we see the power of a mother’s (or parent's) influence in raising children? – 3. Hannah kept her promise to God—do we struggle with keeping promises to God? Why or why not?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 1–2
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
Hannah's desperate prayer for a child and her subsequent dedication of Samuel to God's service set in motion events that would transform Israel's future. Through Hannah's faithfulness, God provided a prophet who would anoint Israel's first kings and establish a new era in Israel's history.
"For this child I prayed, and the Lord has granted me my petition that I made to him." - 1 Samuel 1:27 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 1:27-28, 2:1-2
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers miss that Hannah's prayer in chapter 2 contains the first biblical reference to God's "anointed" king (1 Samuel 2:10). This is surprising because Israel had no king at this time and wouldn't for many years! Hannah prophetically declares, "He will give strength to his king and exalt the horn of his anointed." This foreshadows not only the coming monarchy but ultimately points to Jesus as God's ultimate anointed one (Messiah). Hannah's prayer wasn't just about her personal situation but revealed God's future plans for Israel and ultimately all humanity.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "A Mother’s Prayer, A Nation’s Future"
Imagine a mother sitting alone in a quiet hospital room, praying over her newborn baby in an incubator. She whispers through her tears, asking God to strengthen the tiny child, to give them a future, and to use them for something greater than she could ever imagine. She doesn’t know what will happen, but she believes God hears her.
Now, think about Hannah in 1 Samuel 1. She prayed with deep sorrow and longing for a child. She wasn’t just asking for a baby—she was asking God to fulfill a purpose, a calling. When God answered her, she followed through on her promise and gave her son, Samuel, back to God’s service. That one answered prayer changed the future of an entire nation.
We see echoes of this kind of faith throughout history. In 1955, a woman named Alberta King prayed over her young son, Martin. She asked God to protect him and to use him for good. That little boy grew up to be Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a man who led a movement that changed the course of history. His mother had no idea what God had planned for him, but she prayed.
Prayer isn’t just about asking God for something—it’s about trusting that He hears, He cares, and He is working, even when we don’t see the whole picture. Just like Hannah and Alberta, our prayers today might shape the future in ways we can’t yet imagine. Who in your life needs your prayers today? What might God do with your simple act of faith?
CULTURE CONNECTION: A Mother’s Prayer, A Nation’s Future (1 Samuel 1-2)
In a world where individualism and self-reliance are often celebrated, the story of Hannah’s prayer in 1 Samuel 1-2 reminds us of the profound power of surrender and dedication. Hannah, in her deep distress, chose to bring her personal struggle before God in prayer, showing us that prayer is not just a ritual, but a powerful act of trust and dependence. Her prayer was not only about her own desire for a child, but about entrusting God with her future and the future of the nation through the birth of Samuel. Today, we can learn from Hannah’s example that when we dedicate our lives—and the lives of those we love—to God, we align ourselves with His greater plan. In a time when it’s easy to focus on immediate needs or personal gain, this passage encourages us to look beyond ourselves and see how our prayers and commitments can shape the course of our lives, our families, and even our communities.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 1–2
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Faithful Patience →Hannah patiently trusted God in her deep longing and unanswered prayers before He answered. →1 Samuel 1:10-20
→Sincere Prayerfulness →She prayed earnestly and humbly, expressing her heart fully to God without shame. →1 Samuel 1:11
→Gratitude in Deliverance →Upon receiving God’s blessing, she responded with heartfelt thanksgiving and praise. →1 Samuel 2:1-10
→Commitment to God’s Purpose →Hannah dedicated her son to God's service, showing willingness to align her family with God's plans. →1 Samuel 1:27-28
→Bold Worship →She boldly proclaimed God's sovereignty and justice, trusting His control over all circumstances. →1 Samuel 2:1-10
→Influential Legacy →Her prayer and dedication shaped not only her family but also the future of Israel’s leadership. →1 Samuel 2:20-21
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
Hannah's story reminds us that our prayers matter deeply to God. What began as one woman's heartfelt plea became a pivotal moment in Israel's history. Through Hannah's willingness to dedicate her long-awaited son to God's service, the Lord raised up Samuel as a prophet who would guide Israel through a crucial transition period.
God often works through ordinary people facing difficult circumstances. Hannah wasn't a religious leader or someone with special status, yet her faithfulness became part of God's larger plan. This should encourage us that our prayers and acts of dedication, even when they involve personal sacrifice, can have ripple effects far beyond what we imagine. God weaves our individual stories into His greater narrative of redemption.
QUICK QUIZ
How does Hannah's attitude change from the beginning to the end of chapter 1, and what does this reveal about the power of prayer?
Hannah gave Samuel back to God after receiving him as an answer to prayer. What might this teach us about holding our blessings with open hands?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God Listens to the Heartfelt Prayers of His People - 1 Samuel 1:9-11- Hannah prayed in deep anguish and wept bitterly.
Reflection: Sometimes we feel like God isn't listening, but Hannah’s story shows that even when our prayers are quiet or come from a broken heart, God hears us.
Discussion Prompt: Can you think of a time when you prayed about something that really mattered to you? How did it feel to know God heard you?
God Answers Prayers in His Own Way and Time - 1 Samuel 1:19-20 - The Lord remembered Hannah’s prayer and gave her a son, Samuel.
Reflection: God may not answer prayers the way we expect, but He answers in the perfect way and at the right time.
Discussion Prompt: What do you think it means to trust God’s timing in your own life?
The Power of Dedication: Hannah's Promise to God - 1 Samuel 1:24-28 - Hannah kept her promise and dedicated Samuel to the Lord’s service.
Reflection: When we dedicate something to God, it’s a way of showing our trust in Him. Hannah kept her word, and God used Samuel in powerful ways for the future of Israel.
Discussion Prompt: What are some things you can dedicate to God? Why do you think keeping promises to God is important?
Prayer and Worship Go Hand in Hand - 1 Samuel 2:1-2 - Hannah’s prayer was also a song of worship, praising God’s greatness and faithfulness.
Reflection: Prayer isn’t just asking God for things; it’s also about worshiping Him for who He is and all He’s done.
Discussion Prompt: How can we combine both prayer and worship in our daily lives?
God’s Plan is Bigger Than We Can Understand - 1 Samuel 2:8 - God raises up the humble and brings down the proud.
Reflection: God has a plan for everything, even if we don’t see it right away. His ways are often different from what we expect.
Discussion Prompt: Can you think of a time when things didn’t go the way you wanted, but later you saw that God’s plan was better?
God
Uses Our Faithfulness to Shape His Larger Plan - 1 Samuel 2:35
God
promises to raise up a faithful priest who will do His will.
Reflection: Our faithfulness and obedience can be part of something much bigger—shaping God's plan for our families, communities, and even nations.
Discussion Prompt: What does it mean to be faithful to God in your everyday life? How does your faithfulness contribute to God’s bigger plan?
CROSS-REFERENCE
Matthew 7:7-8 - "Ask and it will be given to you; seek and you will find; knock and the door will be opened to you. For everyone who asks receives; the one who seeks finds; and to the one who knocks, the door will be opened."
Luke 1:46-55 - Mary's Magnificat bears striking similarities to Hannah's prayer, beginning with "My soul glorifies the Lord and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior." Like Hannah, Mary praises God for His work in her life and declares His sovereignty over all.
James 5:16 - "The prayer of a righteous person is powerful and effective."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: Hannah was deeply distressed by her inability to have children, yet she brought her pain directly to God. How do you typically respond to disappointments, and what might Hannah's example teach us?
Commentary: Hannah's vulnerability before God is striking. She weeps openly, pours out her soul, and makes a significant vow. Yet through this raw honesty with God, she finds peace even before her prayer is answered (1 Samuel 1:18). Her example challenges us to bring our deepest hurts directly to God rather than hiding our pain or seeking comfort elsewhere.
Question 2: Hannah kept her promise to dedicate Samuel to God's service, which meant giving up raising her long-awaited son. When have you had to sacrifice something precious for God's purposes?
Commentary: Hannah's yearly visits to Samuel and bringing him a new robe show her continued love and connection. Yet she honored her vow despite the personal cost. This reminds us that following God often involves sacrifice, but He honors those who put Him first. Notice that God later blessed Hannah with five more children (1 Samuel 2:21).
Question 3: Hannah's prayer in chapter 2 shows remarkable theological understanding about God's character and justice. What aspects of God's nature described in Hannah's prayer speak most to you today?
Commentary: Hannah's prayer celebrates God's holiness, strength, justice, and special concern for the weak and needy. She portrays God as one who reverses human fortunes—lifting the poor and bringing down the proud. This theme of God's "great reversal" appears throughout Scripture, including in Jesus' teachings. Hannah's understanding of God came through personal experience, showing how our own encounters with God can deepen our theology.
Session
2: "Hearing God’s Voice" 1 Samuel 3
Printable Handout
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. How do you think God speaks to people today? – 2. Have you ever felt nudged by God to do something? What happened? – 3. What are some distractions in our modern world that make it hard to listen to God?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 3
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
In 1 Samuel 3, young Samuel learns to recognize and respond to God's voice. This pivotal moment marks the beginning of Samuel's prophetic ministry during a time when "the word of the Lord was rare" in Israel. Samuel's simple response, "Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening," becomes a model for all who seek to hear God's voice.
"The Lord came and stood there, calling as at the other times, 'Samuel! Samuel!' Then Samuel said, 'Speak, for your servant is listening.'" - 1 Samuel 3:10 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 3:9-10, 3:19-21
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers might be surprised by the statement in 1 Samuel 3:1 that "the word of the Lord was rare" and "there were not many visions." This reveals that God's communication isn't constant or automatic—there are seasons when divine revelation seems scarce. The passage clarifies that this wasn't because God had permanently stopped speaking, but because Israel's spiritual leadership had grown corrupt and disconnected. Even more surprising is that when God breaks this silence, He speaks not to the high priest Eli but to a child with no formal religious training. This challenges our assumptions about who God chooses to speak through and reminds us that spiritual receptivity often matters more than position or experience.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "Hearing God’s Voice"
Imagine you’re in a crowded coffee shop. The room buzzes with voices—people chatting, baristas calling out orders, background music playing. Yet, in the middle of all that noise, if someone you love calls your name, you recognize their voice immediately. You don’t need to see them—you just know.
That’s how it was for young Samuel in 1 Samuel 3. He heard a voice calling his name, but at first, he didn’t recognize it as God’s. It took the guidance of Eli for Samuel to understand that it was the Lord speaking to him. When he finally responded, “Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening” (1 Samuel 3:9, NIV), it changed his life forever.
In our world today, there are so many competing voices—social media, news, friends, family, culture—all telling us different things. It can be hard to recognize when God is speaking. But He still does. Maybe it’s through a Bible verse that keeps coming up, a nudge in your heart, or wise advice from a godly friend.
One modern example of hearing God's voice comes from Jim Elliot, a missionary in the 1950s. He felt called to bring the Gospel to an isolated tribe in Ecuador. Many thought he was crazy, but he couldn’t shake the sense that God was speaking to him. He followed God’s leading, and though his life was tragically cut short, his story inspired countless others to follow God’s call.
Are we listening? Maybe God is calling you to encourage someone, take a step of faith, or spend more time in His Word. Like Samuel, let’s pause and say: “Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening.”
CULTURE CONNECTION: Hearing God’s Voice (1 Samuel 3)
In today’s fast-paced world, where voices are constantly vying for our attention—through technology, media, and our daily responsibilities—hearing God’s voice may seem challenging. However, the story of Samuel in 1 Samuel 3 reminds us that God still speaks, often in quiet, subtle ways. Just as God called Samuel in the stillness of the night, we too must create moments of quiet and reflection to hear His voice amidst the noise of modern life. This passage encourages us to listen actively, cultivate a heart of openness, and trust that God’s guidance is available to those who seek it. In today’s culture, recognizing His voice requires patience, discernment, and a willingness to respond, just as Samuel did with a simple, “Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening.”
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 3
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Spiritual Sensitivity →Samuel learned to recognize God’s voice amid other distractions, cultivating spiritual awareness. →1 Samuel 3:1-10
→Obedient Responsiveness →When God called, Samuel responded immediately with openness and willingness to listen and obey. →1 Samuel 3:4-10
→Humility →Samuel accepted God’s message humbly, understanding his role as a servant rather than an authority. →1 Samuel 3:19-21
→Faithfulness in Secrecy →Samuel initially kept the vision private, showing discretion and trust in God’s timing. →1 Samuel 3:11-18
→Growing Confidence →Over time, Samuel’s confidence in God’s calling increased, and he became recognized as a prophet. →1 Samuel 3:20
→Witness to God’s Work →Samuel became a living testimony of God’s active presence and communication with His people. →1 Samuel 3:19-21
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
Samuel's story reminds us that hearing God's voice requires both listening and learning. Like Samuel, we may not immediately recognize when God is speaking to us. It might take guidance from others, repeated attempts, and a posture of openness before we clearly discern God's voice among all the other voices competing for our attention.
God still speaks today, though perhaps not in the same dramatic ways recorded in Scripture. He speaks through His Word, through prayer, through other believers, through circumstances, and through the gentle prompting of His Spirit. The challenge for us, as it was for Samuel, is developing the spiritual sensitivity to recognize these communications and the courage to respond. When we cultivate a listening heart and respond with Samuel's simple willingness—"Speak, Lord, for your servant is listening"—we open ourselves to divine guidance that can transform not only our lives but potentially impact many others as well.
QUICK QUIZ
Samuel initially mistook God's voice for Eli's voice. What might be some "voices" in our modern lives that we might confuse with God's voice, and how can we learn to distinguish them?
God's first message to Samuel was a difficult one of judgment against Eli's family. What does this suggest about the nature of God's communication and our willingness to hear challenging truths?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God Speaks, But We Must Be Ready to Listen - 1 Samuel 3:1 - The boy Samuel ministered before the Lord under Eli. In those days the word of the Lord was rare; there were not many visions.
Reflection: Samuel wasn’t expecting God to speak, but he was in a position to listen. Sometimes, God speaks in ways we might not expect, and we need to be ready to hear Him.
Discussion Prompt: How do you usually prepare yourself to hear from God? How can we create space to listen for God’s voice in our lives?
God Calls Us by Name - 1 Samuel 3:4 - The Lord called Samuel. Samuel answered, “Here I am.”
Reflection: God knows us personally and calls us by name. Just like Samuel, God’s call is intimate and personal.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever felt like God was calling you to do something? How did it feel to know He knew you personally?
Recognizing God’s Voice Takes Practice - 1 Samuel 3:7 - Now Samuel did not yet know the Lord: The word of the Lord had not yet been revealed to him.
Reflection: Samuel didn’t recognize God’s voice immediately, and sometimes, neither do we. Hearing God’s voice takes time and practice.
Discussion Prompt: What are some ways you can practice recognizing God’s voice? How can you grow in understanding what He is saying to you?
We Need Guidance from Others to Hear God Clearly - 1 Samuel 3:8-9 - A third time the Lord called Samuel, and Samuel got up and went to Eli. Then Eli realized that the Lord was calling the boy.
Reflection: Sometimes we need help from others—like Eli helped Samuel—to recognize God's voice. God places people in our lives who can guide us and help us hear Him clearly.
Discussion Prompt: Who in your life helps you hear from God? How can we be better at helping others recognize God's voice?
When We Hear God’s Voice, We Should Respond Willingly - 1 Samuel 3:10 - The Lord came and stood there, calling as at the other times, “Samuel! Samuel!” Then Samuel said, “Speak, for your servant is listening.”
Reflection: Samuel’s response shows that when we hear God, we need to be ready to listen and act. It’s about being willing to hear and obey.
Discussion Prompt: When you hear God calling, how do you respond? Are you quick to listen and follow, or do you sometimes hesitate?
God Has a Purpose for Each of Us - 1 Samuel 3:11-14 - The Lord said to Samuel, “See, I am about to do something in Israel that will make the ears of everyone who hears about it tingle.”
Reflection: God had a specific purpose for Samuel, just like He has a unique purpose for each of us. When we listen to God, we begin to understand the role we play in His plan.
Discussion Prompt: How do you think God has a special plan for you? How can listening to Him help you discover your purpose?
God’s Voice Often Brings Change - 1 Samuel 3:19-20 - The Lord was with Samuel as he grew up, and he let none of Samuel’s words fall to the ground. And all Israel from Dan to Beersheba recognized that Samuel was attested as a prophet of the Lord.
Reflection: When we listen to God and respond, it brings about change. Samuel’s obedience brought change to Israel, and our willingness to listen can bring change in our own lives and in the lives of those around us.
Discussion Prompt: How have you seen change in your life when you’ve listened to God? How can listening to Him lead to positive changes in your school, family, or community?
CROSS-REFERENCE
John 10:27 - "My sheep listen to my voice; I know them, and they follow me."
Hebrews 1:1-2 - "In the past God spoke to our ancestors through the prophets at many times and in various ways, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, and through whom also he made the universe."
James 1:22-25 - "Do not merely listen to the word, and so deceive yourselves. Do what it says. Anyone who listens to the word but does not do what it says is like someone who looks at his face in a mirror and, after looking at himself, goes away and immediately forgets what he looks like. But whoever looks intently into the perfect law that gives freedom, and continues in it—not forgetting what they have heard, but doing it—they will be blessed in what they do."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: Samuel needed Eli's help to recognize God's voice. Who has helped you discern God's guidance in your life, and how might we help each other better listen for God's voice?
Commentary: God often uses human relationships to help us grow spiritually. Eli, despite his failings, still provided Samuel with crucial guidance. This reminds us that even flawed mentors can offer valuable spiritual insight. In our individualistic culture, we sometimes forget that discernment is often a community practice. Consider how your church, small group, or trusted Christian friends might function as "Elis" in your life, helping you recognize when and how God might be speaking.
Question 2: In verse 19, we read that "the Lord was with Samuel as he grew up, and he let none of Samuel's words fall to the ground." What might it look like in your daily life to have none of your words "fall to the ground"?
Commentary: This beautiful phrase indicates that Samuel's words carried weight and proved true. As followers of Christ, our words matter—whether in everyday conversations, on social media, or in more formal settings. Jesus taught that we will give account for every careless word (Matthew 12:36). Samuel's example challenges us to speak with integrity, thoughtfulness, and divine guidance rather than merely echoing cultural talking points or speaking without consideration.
Question 3: Samuel had to deliver a difficult message to someone he respected. When have you felt God leading you to speak a challenging truth, and how did you respond?
Commentary: Notice that Samuel was "afraid to tell Eli the vision" (verse 15). Speaking truth, especially difficult truth, requires courage. Yet when Eli insisted on hearing everything, Samuel "told him everything, hiding nothing" (verse 18). In our conflict-avoidant culture, we often shy away from necessary but difficult conversations. However, true love sometimes requires speaking truth (Ephesians 4:15). The balance lies in doing so with humility, compassion, and at the right time—not using "truth-telling" as an excuse for harshness or insensitivity.
Session
3: "When Glory Departs” 1 Samuel 4–7
Printable Handout
Focus: To understand the dangers of misusing religious symbols, the weight of God’s holiness
Icebreaker Questions: - 1. Have you ever seen someone (or a society) treat God like a "good luck charm" rather than as a holy presence? What happens when we do this? —2. How can we recognize when God’s "glory" feels distant in our lives or communities today? —3. Samuel called the people to throw away their idols and return to the Lord. What “modern idols” do you think compete with God’s presence in our culture today?
Scripture:1Samuel 4–7
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
In these chapters of 1 Samuel, we meet the Israelites during a tough time. They’re at war with the Philistines and things aren’t going well. Hoping to win, they bring out the Ark of the Covenant—God’s special box that represents His presence—but they treat it more like a lucky charm than a holy object. What follows is a series of shocking events: Israel loses the battle, the Ark is captured, and Eli the priest dies. The Ark ends up in Philistine territory and causes all kinds of trouble for them. Eventually, Israel gets it back, but only after learning hard lessons about treating God’s holiness seriously.
This is a story about what happens when people forget that God is not something to control or use—but Someone to honor.
“Ichabod!” the woman said. “The glory has departed from Israel.” – 1 Samuel 4:21 (NIV)
Quote for Reflection:
“God’s presence will not be possessed like a magic token. Holiness cannot be hijacked.” – John Goldingay, Old Testament scholar
KEY POINTS TO REFLECT ON
The Ark is not a good-luck charm. The Israelites believed that having the Ark in battle would force God to give them victory. But God doesn’t work that way.
God allows defeat to teach deeper truths. Sometimes we lose battles we think we should win because God is trying to show us something more important.
God’s holiness is serious business. The Philistines suffered because they treated the Ark carelessly. Even Israelites who looked inside the Ark were struck down.
God doesn’t need help defending Himself. The Ark caused destruction in Philistine cities without any soldiers. God proved He was powerful, even when “captured.”
Repentance brings restoration. When Israel finally turned back to God with humble hearts (1 Samuel 7), peace followed.
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Clarifying
a Difficult Teaching:
In
1 Samuel 6:19, it says God struck down seventy men of Beth Shemesh
for looking into the Ark of the Lord. That may seem harsh. Why such a
severe punishment?
Clarification:
In
ancient Israel, the Ark of the Covenant represented the very presence
of God—it was the holiest object they had. God had given clear
instructions in the Law of Moses: only certain priests could even
touch or look at the Ark, and only under specific conditions (see
Numbers 4:20). When the people of Beth Shemesh looked inside, it
wasn’t just curiosity—it was disrespect. It showed they didn’t
take God’s holiness seriously. This event is a reminder that
closeness to God is a gift, but it must be approached with reverence.
The surprise? Even God's own people aren’t exempt from consequences
when they treat Him casually. God's love is real, but so is His
holiness.
Devotional Thought: The Trophy That Didn't Help
Imagine a high school football team bringing an old championship trophy onto the field before a big game. They hold it up like it will win the game for them. The crowd cheers. But when the game starts, they’re sloppy. They don’t follow the coach’s directions. And they lose—badly.
That’s a bit like what Israel did with the Ark. They treated it like a lucky charm instead of honoring the God it represented. The presence of God isn’t something we “bring along” to get our way. It's something we submit to. Just like a trophy can't win a game, a symbol of God can't replace a real relationship with Him. Victory isn’t about appearances—it’s about obedience.
Reflection: Are there times we treat our faith like a symbol, rather than a surrender?
Culture Connection:
In today’s world, we often treat religion like a backup plan—a cross around the neck, a verse on a wall, or a prayer when things get desperate. But just like Israel with the Ark, we’re tempted to use God rather than trust Him. We want His blessings, but not always His direction. This story reminds us that God isn’t a symbol or superstition—He’s holy, alive, and personal. Through history, God has stretched out His hand to invite people into real relationship—not ritual. And still, we often turn away, wanting control more than surrender. But even when His people forget Him, God keeps working to bring them back.
God's love isn’t a lucky charm—it’s a call to come close.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 4–7
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Recognition of God’s Holiness →Israel’s defeat highlighted the seriousness of God’s holiness and the consequences of disrespect. →1 Samuel 4:3-11
→Repentant Humility →The people acknowledged their sins and humbled themselves before God seeking restoration. →1 Samuel 7:3-6
→Faith in God’s Mercy →Despite past failures, they trusted in God’s willingness to forgive and renew their strength. →1 Samuel 7:7-12
→Dependence on God’s Presence →They realized victory comes only through God’s presence, not through physical objects or rituals. →1 Samuel 4:21-22; 7:1-2
→Persistence in Worship →Israel returned to sincere worship and covenant renewal, showing the importance of ongoing faith. →1 Samuel 7:3-6
→Hope for Restoration →Even in times of loss and defeat, the people held onto hope that God would restore His glory. →1 Samuel 7:11-14
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
God’s plan has always been about more than victory in a single battle—it’s about forming a people who know Him, trust Him, and live in relationship with Him. In 1 Samuel 4–7, we see what happens when people try to manipulate God instead of follow Him. The Israelites brought out the Ark like a trophy, hoping to force God’s hand. But God is not a tool or a talisman—He’s a holy and personal God.
Even though Israel failed, God didn’t abandon them. Instead, He let them feel the weight of separation so they could turn back to Him. His glory did depart for a time—but it didn’t stay gone forever. This reminds us of the bigger story: God keeps reaching for people, even when they’ve turned away. His goal isn’t just to fix our problems—it’s to fix our hearts. He longs for holiness, not hollow religion.
God’s presence is not a possession; it’s a promise—one that He fulfills when we return to Him.
QUICK QUIZ
What did the Israelites get wrong about the Ark, and what does that reveal about their relationship with God at the time?
If God allowed the Ark to be taken, does that mean He abandoned His people—or was He doing something deeper
CROSS-REFERENCE
Here are three Scriptures that echo the themes in 1 Samuel 4–7, especially from the New Testament:
Matthew
15:8–9 “‘These
people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.
They worship me in vain; their teachings are merely human
rules.’”
(Jesus
rebukes empty religious rituals—just like the Israelites misused
the Ark.)
2
Timothy 3:5 “…having
a form of godliness but denying its power. Have nothing to do with
such people.”
(Paul
warns against surface-level faith that lacks the heart of God’s
holiness and power.)
Hebrews
12:28–29 “Therefore,
since we are receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, let us be
thankful, and so worship God acceptably with reverence and awe, for
our ‘God is a consuming fire.’”
(A
New Testament reminder that God's holiness is not just Old Testament
history—it’s still relevant today.)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS with COMMENTARY
What’s
the difference between carrying God’s presence and carrying a
symbol of Him?
Commentary:
This question pushes the group to consider where they place their
spiritual confidence—in visible signs (like a cross, a church
building, a religious habit) or in a living relationship with God.
It's not that symbols are bad, but they lose meaning without the
heart behind them.
Why
would God allow something sacred—like the Ark—to be taken by
enemies?
Commentary:
This invites a conversation about how God sometimes allows loss to
wake us up spiritually. It challenges the idea that God's presence
always means protection from pain. Sometimes, love looks like
discipline and redirection.
In
what ways might modern Christians treat God like a “good luck
charm,” and how can we return to a more reverent faith?
Commentary:
This helps the group personally apply the passage. It opens the door
to confession, honest reflection, and renewed purpose in approaching
God with awe, not just requests.
Session
4: "When We Want a King"- 1 Samuel 8
Printable Handout
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. Can you think of a time when people placed too much faith in a leader instead of God? – 2. Why do we sometimes demand things from God that are not actually good for us? – 3. How do we balance being involved in government while keeping our faith in God first?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 8
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
In 1 Samuel 8, Israel demands a king "like all the other nations," despite warnings from Samuel about the consequences of such a request. This pivotal moment marks Israel's shift from being governed directly by God through judges to a monarchy. God tells Samuel, "they have not rejected you, but they have rejected me as their king," revealing the deeper spiritual issue behind their demand.
"But when they said, 'Give us a king to lead us,' this displeased Samuel; so he prayed to the Lord. And the Lord told him: 'Listen to all that the people are saying to you; it is not you they have rejected, but they have rejected me as their king.'" - 1 Samuel 8:6-7 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 8:6-7, 8:19-20
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers miss that God actually intended for Israel to have kings eventually. In Deuteronomy 17:14-20, written long before Samuel's time, God had already provided instructions for future kings of Israel. What displeased God wasn't the concept of having a king itself, but rather the timing, motivation, and heart behind Israel's request. They wanted a king for the wrong reasons—to be like other nations and to have a visible leader for battle—rather than waiting for God's perfect timing and chosen leader. This clarifies that God wasn't opposed to human leadership structures altogether, but to leadership established in a spirit of rebellion and distrust of His provision. The issue wasn't the kingship but Israel's rejection of God's kingship and their impatience with His timeline.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "When We Want a King"
In 2008, the world watched as a historic U.S. presidential election unfolded. People were filled with hope, excitement, and even fear, believing that the right leader could fix the country’s problems. Some saw the new president as a savior, while others worried about what the future held. Every election cycle, we see the same pattern—people searching for the "perfect" leader to fix everything.
That’s exactly what happened in 1 Samuel 8. The Israelites wanted a king, just like the other nations had. They believed a human ruler would protect them, fight their battles, and bring stability. But God warned them—earthly kings would fail them, demand too much, and lead them away from Him. Still, they insisted, and God let them have their way.
Why do we do the same thing today? We look to leaders—politicians, celebrities, bosses, or even pastors—to "save" us from our problems. But no human leader can do what only God can.
A modern example of misplaced trust happened in the rise and fall of major corporate CEOs, influencers, and even church leaders who seemed untouchable, only to disappoint people in the end. Power can corrupt, and even the best leaders are still human.
The challenge for us is this: Are we putting more trust in people than in God? Instead of asking, “Who will fix this?”, we should be asking, “God, what do You want me to do?” He is our true King, and He will never fail us.
CULTURE CONNECTION: When We Want a King (1 Samuel 8)
In today’s culture, we are often quick to seek out human solutions when faced with challenges, relying on experts, leaders, or popular trends to solve our problems. The story in 1 Samuel 8 reflects a similar desire by the Israelites to have a king like the surrounding nations, rejecting God’s direct leadership. Their request for a human king reveals a longing for visible, earthly control rather than trusting in God’s invisible yet sovereign rule. In our own lives, this can translate into choosing quick fixes, self-reliance, or worldly systems instead of patiently waiting for God’s guidance and following His will. This passage serves as a reminder that while human solutions may offer immediate answers, true peace and lasting direction are found in submitting to God’s will, even when it feels less certain or slower. It challenges us to pause, reflect, and consider whether we are relying on human wisdom or seeking God’s direction in our decisions.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 8
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Discernment →Learning to weigh God’s guidance against popular desires, recognizing the risks of rejecting divine leadership. →1 Samuel 8:6-9
→Respect for God’s Authority →Understanding that God’s kingship is perfect, and human rulers may fall short of His standards. →1 Samuel 8:7-9
→Patience with God’s Timing →Trusting God’s plan rather than rushing to demand immediate solutions or changes. →1 Samuel 8:19-20
→Awareness of Consequences →Being aware that choices have long-term impacts, including potential oppression or hardship. →1 Samuel 8:10-18
→Humility to Submit →Willingness to submit to God’s sovereignty even when it conflicts with personal or communal preferences. →1 Samuel 8:7, 14
→Seeking Godly Leadership →Praying and discerning for leaders who reflect God’s heart and justice rather than mere popularity. →Implied throughout the chapter
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
Israel's demand for a king reveals a universal human tendency—we often prefer visible, tangible solutions over trusting an invisible God. When faced with challenges or uncertainty, we naturally gravitate toward what we can see, touch, and understand, even when God is calling us to deeper trust in His unseen leadership.
This passage speaks powerfully to our contemporary context, where we frequently place our trust in human leaders, institutions, wealth, or our own abilities rather than in God. Whether in politics, church leadership, or personal decision-making, we face the same fundamental choice as Israel: Will we trust God's ways even when they don't make immediate sense, or will we demand solutions that match our expectations and desires? God's gracious response—allowing Israel to have what they demanded while continuing to work through their imperfect choices—reminds us that even when we choose unwisely, God doesn't abandon us but continues working His purposes through our flawed decisions.
QUICK QUIZ
The elders cited Samuel's age and his sons' corruption as reasons for wanting a king, but God saw a deeper motive. How might we sometimes use reasonable-sounding justifications to mask our lack of trust in God?
Despite knowing the people were rejecting Him, God instructed Samuel to give them what they wanted. What does this reveal about how God sometimes works with our free will and poor choices?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God is Our Ultimate Leader - 1 Samuel 8:7 - And the Lord told him, “Listen to all that the people are saying to you; it is not you they have rejected, but they have rejected me as their king.”
Reflection: The people of Israel wanted a human king, rejecting God as their ultimate King. But God is the only one who can truly lead us.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think the Israelites wanted a human king? How does it make you feel to know that God wants to be our King, instead of someone else?
Trusting God’s Leadership Over Human Solutions - 1 Samuel 8:5 - They said to him, “You are old, and your sons do not follow your ways; now appoint a king to lead us, such as all the other nations have.”
Reflection: The people wanted a king because they saw how other nations were led by kings. Sometimes, we want what others have instead of trusting God’s plan for us.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever wanted something just because others had it, even if it wasn’t the best choice for you? How can we learn to trust God's plan instead?
God Knows What’s Best, Even When We Don’t Understand - 1 Samuel 8:19-20 - But the people refused to listen to Samuel. “No!” they said. “We want a king over us. Then we will be like all the other nations, with a king to lead us and to go out before us and fight our battles.”
Reflection: Even when God knows what’s best for us, we sometimes resist His guidance and choose our own path. But trusting God's plan often requires patience and faith, even when we don't fully understand it.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think the people of Israel didn’t trust God’s leadership? Can you think of a time when you didn’t understand why God was leading you a certain way?
Human Leaders Cannot Fully Meet Our Needs - 1 Samuel 8:11-18 - Samuel told the people what the king who would reign over them would do: he would take their sons, daughters, land, and resources.
Reflection: A human king might look good on the outside, but he can’t meet all our needs the way God can. God is the only one who can lead us perfectly and provide what we truly need.
Discussion Prompt: How do you think we sometimes look to people, things, or success to fulfill us instead of trusting in God’s provision? What might be missing when we do that?
We Are Often Quick to Choose What’s Familiar Over What’s Best - 1 Samuel 8:4-5 - So all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel at Ramah. They said to him, “You are old, and your sons do not follow your ways; now appoint a king to lead us, such as all the other nations have.”
Reflection: The Israelites wanted a king like all the other nations. Sometimes, we seek out what seems familiar or popular rather than what God has planned for us.
Discussion Prompt: What are some things we choose just because they seem familiar or easy? How can we learn to trust God’s unique plan for us instead?
God Will Still Work His Plan, Even When We Make Mistakes - 1 Samuel 8:22 - The Lord answered, “Listen to them and give them a king.”
Reflection: Even when the Israelites chose a king over God, He didn’t abandon them. He allowed them to make their choice, but He still had a plan for them. God will continue to work in our lives, even when we make decisions that aren't in line with His will.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever made a decision that wasn’t the best, but God still helped you through it? How can we trust that God will guide us even when we make mistakes?
God’s Leadership is for Our Good, Even When It’s Hard - 1 Samuel 8:18 - When that day comes, you will cry out for relief from the king you have chosen, and the Lord will not answer you in that day.
Reflection: God’s leadership is always for our good, even when His way is difficult. Sometimes, choosing human solutions over God’s will leads to challenges, but God still wants the best for us.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think following God’s way can sometimes be difficult? How can we trust that His way is ultimately for our good?
CROSS-REFERENCE
Matthew 6:31-33 - "So do not worry, saying, 'What shall we eat?' or 'What shall we drink?' or 'What shall we wear?' For the pagans run after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them. But seek first his kingdom and his righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well."
John 19:14-15 - "It was the day of Preparation of the Passover; it was about noon. 'Here is your king,' Pilate said to the Jews. But they shouted, 'Take him away! Take him away! Crucify him!' 'Shall I crucify your king?' Pilate asked. 'We have no king but Caesar,' the chief priests answered."
James 4:1-3 - "What causes fights and quarrels among you? Don't they come from your desires that battle within you? You desire but do not have, so you kill. You covet but you cannot get what you want, so you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask God. When you ask, you do not receive, because you ask with wrong motives, that you may spend what you get on your pleasures."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: Israel wanted a king partly so they could be "like all the other nations." In what areas of your life do you feel the pressure to conform to the world's patterns rather than trusting God's unique plan?
Commentary: The desire to fit in is powerfully human. Israel had a unique identity as God's chosen people, yet they wanted to blend in with surrounding nations. Similarly, Christians today are called to be "in the world but not of it," yet we often feel uncomfortable with standing out. This might appear in career choices, parenting styles, financial decisions, or how we spend our time. Notice that God didn't call Israel to isolate themselves completely from other nations, but to maintain their distinctive identity while engaging with the world—a balance we still seek today.
Question 2: Samuel warned the people about the cost of having a king, yet they insisted anyway. When have you pressed forward with something despite warnings, and what was the outcome?
Commentary: Samuel's detailed warnings (verses 11-18) describe how a king would take from the people—their sons and daughters, their property, and their freedom. Yet the people were willing to pay this price for the perceived security and status a king would bring. We often make similar trade-offs, sacrificing long-term wellbeing for short-term comfort or security. Think about decisions regarding relationships, career paths, or even church involvement where immediate desires might override wiser counsel. God often allows us to experience natural consequences as part of our growth and learning.
Question 3: God tells Samuel, "They have not rejected you, but they have rejected me as their king." What are some subtle ways we might be "rejecting God as king" in our daily lives without realizing it?
Commentary: This profound statement reveals that our human relationships often reflect our relationship with God. The Israelites' rejection of Samuel's leadership was actually a symptom of their rejection of God's authority. Today, we might reject God's kingship through worry (not trusting His provision), self-reliance (believing we don't need God's help), selective obedience (following God only when convenient), or looking to other sources for ultimate security and identity. Even good things—family, work, church activities—can become "kings" that displace God from His rightful place in our lives. The invitation is to regularly examine what truly occupies the throne of our hearts.
Session
5: "The Rise and Fall of Saul"- 1 Samuel 9–15
Printable Handout
Focus:
Success in leadership depends on obedience to God.
Icebreaker
Questions: – 1. Have
you ever known a leader who started strong but fell because of poor
decisions? –
2. What
are some ways pride can lead to failure? –
3. How
can we remain obedient to God even when it’s inconvenient or
unpopular?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 9–15
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
Saul's journey from humble beginnings to becoming Israel's first king—and his subsequent downfall—provides a powerful cautionary tale about leadership, obedience, and the consequences of pride. Despite his impressive physical stature and promising start, Saul's story becomes a tragic example of how success can lead to spiritual failure when we stop fully trusting and obeying God.
"But Samuel replied: 'Does the Lord delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obeying the Lord? To obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams.'" - 1 Samuel 15:22 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 9:21, 13:13-14, 15:22-23
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers may be surprised by how quickly Saul's reign unraveled. From his anointing to his first major failure was only about two years. In 1 Samuel 13:1, we're told "Saul was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned over Israel forty-two years." Yet by the second year of his reign, Saul had already made the critical error of offering unauthorized sacrifices (1 Samuel 13:8-14). This clarifies that spiritual failure doesn't usually happen overnight but begins with small compromises that reveal character flaws. Even more surprising is that after Samuel pronounces God's rejection of Saul as king in chapter 13, Saul continued to reign for decades. This reminds us that God's timeline often differs from ours, and sometimes the consequences of our actions unfold gradually rather than instantly.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "The Rise and Fall of Saul"
Imagine an athlete who starts their career with incredible talent and promise. They break records, win championships, and become a household name. But then, pride and poor choices start creeping in—bad attitudes, reckless decisions, maybe even scandals. Instead of listening to their coaches and staying disciplined, they start doing things their own way. Before long, their success crumbles.
That’s exactly what happened to King Saul in 1 Samuel 9–15. He started off humble, chosen by God, and full of potential. But over time, he let fear, pride, and disobedience take control. He rushed into making sacrifices instead of waiting on Samuel (1 Samuel 13), and later, he directly disobeyed God's instructions (1 Samuel 15). Instead of trusting and obeying God, Saul started doing things his own way—and it led to his downfall.
We see similar stories in business leaders, politicians, pastors, and even everyday people who rise to success but fall because of pride, compromise, or a refusal to listen to wise counsel. Even in our own lives, small acts of disobedience—like cutting corners, ignoring God’s nudges, or justifying bad choices—can lead us down a dangerous path.
The lesson from Saul is clear: Success without obedience is temporary. God doesn’t just want our talents or hard work—He wants our hearts. True leadership isn’t about power or popularity; it’s about trusting God, listening to His guidance, and staying faithful, even when it’s hard.
Is there an area in your life where you’re doing things your own way instead of trusting God? Saul’s story is a warning—but it’s also an invitation. Will we choose obedience over pride?
CULTURE CONNECTION: The Rise and Fall of Saul (1 Samuel 9–15)
In today’s world, leadership is often associated with power, charisma, and personal achievement. However, the story of Saul in 1 Samuel 9–15 teaches us that true success in leadership is rooted in obedience to God. Saul’s rise to kingship began with humility and God’s anointing, but his downfall came when he prioritized his own judgment over God’s commands. In a culture that celebrates self-reliance and individual decision-making, Saul’s story serves as a powerful reminder that leadership is not about asserting control or achieving personal gain. Rather, it is about aligning with God’s will and staying humble before Him. In every sphere of influence, whether in the workplace, family, or community, success as a leader comes not from our abilities alone but from consistently seeking and obeying God’s guidance. Saul’s fall underscores the dangers of pride and disobedience, urging us to examine our own leadership and ensure that it reflects a heart devoted to God's will.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 9–15
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Humility at the Start →Saul began with humility and openness to God’s leading as he was anointed king. →1 Samuel 9:21-27; 10:17-24
→Courage to Step Up →He showed initial boldness in taking responsibility and leading Israel into battle. →1 Samuel 11:6-15
→Obedience to God’s Commands →Early success was tied to following God’s instructions closely. →1 Samuel 13:13-14
→Struggle with Pride and Disobedience →Saul’s downfall began as he took matters into his own hands, disobeying God’s clear commands. →1 Samuel 13:8-14; 15:10-23
→Failure to Repent →Despite being confronted, Saul failed to genuinely repent, showing a hardened heart. →1 Samuel 15:24-30
→Consequences of Rebellion →His rejection by God demonstrates how persistent rebellion leads to loss of divine favor. →1 Samuel 15:26-28
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
Saul's story powerfully illustrates how character is ultimately more important than capability in leadership. He had everything going for him externally—tall and handsome, from a good family, chosen by God, endorsed by Samuel, and initially humble. Yet internal character flaws—impatience, insecurity, fear of people's opinions, and pride—eventually undermined his leadership.
This narrative speaks directly to our lives today, whether we hold formal leadership positions or simply influence others in our families, workplaces, or communities. Like Saul, we face pressures to compromise, to take matters into our own hands when God seems delayed, and to value appearance over substance. The crucial lesson from Saul's downfall is that genuine success comes not from impressive results or public acclaim but from a heart fully committed to obeying God. When Saul claimed, "I have carried out the Lord's instructions" while the bleating of spared sheep contradicted his words, he revealed a pattern of self-deception that plagues many of us—believing our good intentions or partial obedience excuse our compromises with God's clear directions.
QUICK QUIZ
After being told God had rejected him as king, Saul was more concerned about maintaining his public honor than genuine repentance (1 Samuel 15:30). How might we sometimes care more about our reputation than our actual relationship with God?
Samuel tells Saul, "To obey is better than sacrifice" (1 Samuel 15:22). In what ways might we substitute religious activities for actual obedience to God's commands?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God Chooses and Equips Leaders - 1 Samuel 9:17 - When Samuel saw Saul, the Lord said to him, “This is the man I spoke to you about; he will govern my people.”
Reflection: God chooses leaders based on His plans, not by the world’s standards. Saul was chosen by God to be king, and God equips those He calls.
Discussion Prompt: How do you think God chooses leaders? What are some qualities God might look for in us if He wants us to lead others?
Humility is Key to God’s Calling - 1 Samuel 9:21 - Saul answered, “But am I not a Benjamite, from the smallest tribe of Israel, and is not my clan the least of all the clans of the tribe of Benjamin? Why do you say such a thing to me?”
Reflection: Saul showed humility when he first heard God’s calling. His humble beginnings didn’t stop God from using him, but pride later caused his downfall.
Discussion Prompt: Why is humility important in leadership? Can you think of a time when being humble helped you lead or make a good decision?
Obedience to God is Essential for Success - 1 Samuel 13:13-14 - “You have done a foolish thing,” Samuel said. “You have not kept the command the Lord your God gave you; if you had, He would have established your kingdom over Israel for all time. But now your kingdom will not endure.”
Reflection: Saul’s disobedience cost him God’s favor. Success in leadership comes from trusting and obeying God, not from doing things our own way.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think Saul’s disobedience led to such a big consequence? How do you think obedience to God can affect our success in life?
Partial Obedience is Still Disobedience - 1 Samuel 15:13-15 - When Samuel reached him, Saul said, “The Lord bless you! I have carried out the Lord’s instructions.” Samuel said, “What then is this bleating of sheep in my ears? What is this lowing of cattle that I hear?”
Reflection: Saul partially obeyed God’s command, but he kept some of the animals for himself. Partial obedience isn’t truly obedience. God wants our full trust and obedience.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever tried to obey part of what God said, but ignored another part? How can we be more complete in our obedience to God?
God Looks at the Heart, Not the Outside Appearance - 1 Samuel 16:7 - But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.”
Reflection: Saul was tall and handsome, but it was his heart that mattered to God. True leadership comes from having a heart that seeks to obey and honor God.
Discussion Prompt: What are some qualities that make someone a good leader, in God’s eyes? How can we focus more on our hearts and less on appearances?
Pride Leads to Fall - 1 Samuel 15:17-19 - Samuel said, “Although you were once small in your own eyes, did you not become the head of the tribes of Israel? The Lord anointed you king over Israel. And He sent you on a mission, saying, ‘Go and completely destroy those wicked people, the Amalekites.’”
Reflection: Saul's pride and self-confidence led him to ignore God's command. When we become prideful, we start to trust our own wisdom over God’s, which can lead to mistakes.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think pride is such a dangerous thing for a leader? How can we guard against becoming too proud or thinking we know better than God?
Repentance Restores Fellowship with God - 1 Samuel 15:24-25 - Then Saul said to Samuel, “I have sinned. I violated the Lord’s command and your instructions. I was afraid of the people and so I gave in to them. Now I beg you, forgive my sin and come back with me, so that I may worship the Lord.”
Reflection: Even though Saul sinned, he admitted his mistake and asked for forgiveness. Repentance is the first step toward restoring our relationship with God.
Discussion Prompt: Why is it important to admit when we make mistakes? How does asking for forgiveness bring us back into fellowship with God?
God's Will is More Important Than Sacrifices - 1 Samuel 15:22-23 - But Samuel replied: “Does the Lord delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as in obeying the Lord? To obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams.”
Reflection: Saul thought that offering sacrifices would make up for his disobedience. But God values obedience over rituals or sacrifices. Obedience to God is what truly honors Him.
Discussion Prompt: What are some ways we can obey God more than just doing religious things? How can we show God that we value His will above all else? CROSS-REFERENCE
Matthew 7:21-23 - "Not everyone who says to me, 'Lord, Lord,' will enter the kingdom of heaven, but only the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven. Many will say to me on that day, 'Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name and in your name drive out demons and in your name perform many miracles?' Then I will tell them plainly, 'I never knew you. Away from me, you evildoers!'"
Luke 6:46 - "Why do you call me, 'Lord, Lord,' and do not do what I say?"
James 1:22 - "Do not merely listen to the word, and so deceive yourselves. Do what it says."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: When Saul was first chosen as king, he was described as humble, even hiding among the baggage (1 Samuel 10:22). How can success and position change a person's character, and what practices might help us maintain humility when we're given responsibility?
Commentary: Saul's transformation from the humble man hiding among the baggage to someone consumed by pride and fear shows how position and power can reveal and amplify character flaws. Success often creates a dangerous sense of self-sufficiency. Notice that as Saul's insecurity grew, he became more concerned with appearances than substance. Practices that might help maintain humility include regular self-examination, accountability relationships, remembering our dependence on God, celebrating others' successes, and viewing leadership as service rather than status. Jesus modeled this servant leadership by washing His disciples' feet (John 13:1-17).
Question 2: In 1 Samuel 13:8-14, Saul grew impatient waiting for Samuel and took matters into his own hands by offering the sacrifice himself. When have you been tempted to step outside God's boundaries because of pressure, fear, or impatience?
Commentary: Saul's reasoning probably seemed logical—the troops were scattering, the Philistines were gathering, and Samuel was late. Yet his action revealed a fundamental lack of trust in God's timing and boundaries. We face similar pressures: in relationships (compromising values to find a partner), in business (cutting ethical corners to succeed), in parenting (choosing expediency over principle), or in ministry (focusing on results over faithfulness). Saul's mistake reminds us that our perceived emergencies don't justify disobedience. God honors those who trust His timing even when circumstances seem desperate.
Question 3: In 1 Samuel 15, Saul partially obeyed God's command but kept the best animals, claiming they were for sacrifice. In what areas of your life might you be practicing "selective obedience" while justifying it with good intentions?
Commentary: Saul's response when confronted—"I did obey the Lord!"—reveals his self-deception. He had redefined obedience to match what he was willing to do. We often do the same, perhaps in areas like financial generosity ("I'll give, but not a full tithe"), forgiveness ("I'll be civil but not truly reconcile"), moral boundaries ("I'm mostly following God's standards"), or surrender ("I'll follow God except in this one area"). Notice how Saul blamed others—"The soldiers brought them"—rather than taking responsibility. True obedience requires honesty about our motives and a willingness to obey fully, not just in ways that are convenient or comfortable for us.
Session
6: "A Man After God’s Own Heart"- 1 Samuel 16
Printable Handout
Focus: To understand that God values the heart over outward appearances.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. When have you misjudged someone based on appearance? – 2. How does society place too much emphasis on outward success? – 3. What does it mean to be "a person after God’s own heart" today?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 16
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
In 1 Samuel 16, God sends Samuel to anoint a new king from among Jesse's sons after rejecting Saul. As Samuel evaluates each son based on appearance, God delivers the profound lesson that He looks beyond external qualities to see the heart. The youngest son, David—overlooked and tending sheep—is revealed as God's chosen one, demonstrating God's pattern of selecting the unlikely and seeing potential where others see insignificance.
"But the Lord said to Samuel, 'Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.'" - 1 Samuel 16:7 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 16:7, 16:12-13
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers miss the striking contrast between Saul's anointing and David's. When Saul was anointed in 1 Samuel 10:1, Samuel anointed him privately. In contrast, David was anointed "in the presence of his brothers" (1 Samuel 16:13). This public anointing is surprising given the political danger—Saul was still king and would have viewed this as treason. What's even more surprising is that after this momentous anointing when "the Spirit of the Lord came powerfully upon David," he simply returns to tending sheep. There's no immediate coronation or dramatic change in circumstances. This clarifies an important spiritual principle: God's calling and anointing often precede the visible fulfillment of that calling by years or even decades. David would experience approximately 15 years between his anointing and actually becoming king, reminding us that God's timing rarely matches our expectations for immediate results.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "A Man After God’s Own Heart"
In 2000, a young football player named Tom Brady was drafted into the NFL—but barely. He was chosen 199th overall, overlooked by almost every team because he wasn’t the strongest, fastest, or most impressive athlete. Scouts judged him by his outward appearance, but they couldn’t see his heart—his discipline, his work ethic, and his leadership. Today, he’s considered one of the greatest quarterbacks of all time.
This is exactly what happened in 1 Samuel 16. When God told Samuel to anoint the next king, he expected someone tall, strong, and kingly—someone like Saul. But instead, God chose David, a young shepherd boy who didn’t seem like much.
"The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.” — 1 Samuel 16:7 (NIV)
In today’s world, we’re constantly told that appearance, status, and success define our worth. Social media is filled with filters, perfect images, and highlight reels of people’s lives. It’s easy to feel like we don’t measure up. But God doesn’t judge us the way the world does—He sees our hearts, our character, and our faith.
The question for us is: Are we more focused on how we look to others, or how we look to God? David wasn’t perfect, but he had a heart that longed for God. That’s what mattered most. And that’s what matters in our lives, too.
CULTURE CONNECTION: A Man After God’s Own Heart (1 Samuel 16)
In today’s culture, we are often judged by our outward appearances—how we look, what we own, and the image we project to the world. Social media and public perceptions can create pressure to appear successful or perfect. However, in 1 Samuel 16, God teaches us a powerful lesson through His choice of David as king. While others saw David as the youngest and least likely candidate, God valued his heart over his outward appearance. This story challenges us to reconsider how we evaluate ourselves and others, urging us to look beyond external factors and focus on what truly matters—character, integrity, and a heart that seeks after God. In a world that often emphasizes superficial qualities, we are reminded that God sees and values what is inside, encouraging us to cultivate a heart that is humble, faithful, and aligned with His will.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 16
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Discernment of True Value →David was chosen for his heart, not his outward appearance, teaching us to value inner qualities. →1 Samuel 16:7
→Humility →A young shepherd boy, David accepted God’s call without pride or entitlement. →1 Samuel 16:11-13
→Sensitivity to God’s Spirit →David was filled with the Spirit of the Lord, showing openness and receptivity to God’s guidance. →1 Samuel 16:13
→Courage in Service →David was willing to serve even before his public rise, exemplified by his role in Saul’s court. →1 Samuel 16:14-23
→Faith in God’s Plan →Trusting God’s timing and purpose, David patiently prepared for his future role as king. →Implied in 1 Samuel 16
→Godly Leadership Potential →His character showed early signs of a leader who would reflect God’s heart and values. →1 Samuel 16:13-23
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
The story of David's unexpected selection reminds us that God's value system fundamentally differs from our human tendency to judge by appearances. While we're naturally drawn to impressive exteriors—physical attractiveness, charisma, credentials, or social status—God penetrates these surface qualities to evaluate the heart.
This truth both comforts and challenges us. It's comforting because it means we're not disqualified from God's purposes by our lack of outward impressiveness or by how others perceive us. God can use anyone whose heart is aligned with His, regardless of their resume or reputation. Yet this truth also challenges us because it means we can't hide behind our carefully curated exteriors. God sees past our religious performances, social media presence, or public personas to our true motivations, attitudes, and character.
The phrase "a man after God's own heart" doesn't mean David was perfect—his later failures clearly disprove that—but rather that his heart was responsive to God. When he failed, he repented genuinely. When God spoke, he listened attentively. This heart orientation, more than any skill or strength, is what qualified David for leadership and what God still seeks in us today.
QUICK QUIZ
Samuel was impressed by Eliab's appearance but God rejected him. What "Eliabs" might we be wrongly impressed by in our culture today, and how can we develop better discernment?
Even Jesse overlooked David, not even inviting him to the selection ceremony. How might we be overlooking or underestimating people God wants to use in our families, workplaces, or churches?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God Looks at the Heart, Not the Outside - 1 Samuel 16:7 - But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.”
Reflection: When God chose David to be king, He looked at David’s heart, not his physical appearance. God values what’s inside, like our character, more than how we look on the outside.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever been judged based on how you look? How can we remind ourselves to focus on what’s in our hearts rather than just appearances?
God Chooses Whom He Wants to Use - 1 Samuel 16:10-11 - Jesse had seven of his sons pass before Samuel, but Samuel said to him, “The Lord has not chosen these.” So he asked Jesse, “Are these all the sons you have?” “There is still the youngest,” Jesse answered. “He is tending the sheep.”
Reflection: Even though David was the youngest and least likely, God chose him. God doesn’t always choose the person others expect, but He knows who has the right heart for His purpose.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think God chose David over his older brothers? How does this show us that God’s choices don’t always match what we expect?
God Uses Ordinary People for Extraordinary Purposes - 1 Samuel 16:12-13 - So he sent for him and had him brought in. He was glowing with health and had a fine appearance and handsome features. Then the Lord said, “Rise and anoint him; this is the one.”
Reflection: While David may not have looked like a king, God saw his heart and chose him. God can use anyone, no matter how ordinary they may seem.
Discussion Prompt: What are some ways you feel ordinary or like you don’t stand out? How can God still use you for something special?
God’s Spirit Strengthens Us for the Task Ahead - 1 Samuel 16:13 - So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and from that day on the Spirit of the Lord came powerfully upon David.
Reflection: After David was anointed, God’s Spirit empowered him for the leadership ahead. It wasn’t David’s own strength that made him a great leader; it was God’s Spirit working in him.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever felt empowered or strengthened by God to do something you thought was too hard? How can we rely on God’s Spirit to help us?
God Prepares Us for Leadership, Even in Hidden Places - 1 Samuel 16:11 - “There is still the youngest,” Jesse answered. “He is tending the sheep.”
Reflection: David was out in the fields, doing a simple job, but that time helped him grow in character. Sometimes God prepares us for big things in the small, quiet moments.
Discussion Prompt: Can you think of a time when you were doing something small, but you learned something important? How can God use those quiet moments to prepare us for bigger roles?
God Can See Our Potential Even When Others Don’t - 1 Samuel 16:6-7 - When they arrived, Samuel saw Eliab and thought, “Surely the Lord’s anointed stands here before the Lord.” But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him.”
Reflection: Samuel thought Eliab was the one God wanted, but God had a different plan. We often judge others based on outward traits, but God sees their potential, not just what’s on the outside.
Discussion Prompt: How do you think God sees your potential? How can we look at others through God’s eyes instead of judging by their appearance?
Obedience to God Leads to God’s Favor - 1 Samuel 16:13 - So Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the presence of his brothers, and from that day on the Spirit of the Lord came powerfully upon David.
Reflection: David’s heart for God, his obedience, and his willingness to serve in the small things made him ready for God’s calling. When we live obediently, we open ourselves to God’s blessing and direction.
Discussion Prompt: How does obedience to God open us up to His favor? What are some ways we can show God we are ready for His purpose in our lives?
God Uses Our Past Experiences to Shape Our Future - 1 Samuel 16:18 - One of the servants answered, “I have seen a son of Jesse of Bethlehem who knows how to play the lyre. He is a brave man and a warrior. He speaks well and is a fine-looking man. And the Lord is with him.”
Reflection: Before David became king, he developed skills as a shepherd and musician. God used these experiences to prepare him for the challenges ahead, showing that every part of our life has a purpose.
Discussion Prompt: What experiences in your life do you think God might be using to prepare you for something greater? How can we trust God is working in all areas of our lives?
CROSS-REFERENCE
2 Corinthians 5:16-17 - "So from now on we regard no one from a worldly point of view. Though we once regarded Christ in this way, we do so no longer. Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, the new creation has come: The old has gone, the new is here!"
John 7:24 - "Stop judging by mere appearances, but instead judge correctly."
Matthew 23:25-28 - "Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence. Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and dish, and then the outside also will be clean. Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs, which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of the bones of the dead and everything unclean. In the same way, on the outside you appear to people as righteous but on the inside you are full of hypocrisy and wickedness."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: Samuel was initially afraid to go to Bethlehem because of Saul (16:2), yet he obeyed God's direction. When have you been afraid to follow God's leading, and what helped you move forward despite your fears?
Commentary: Samuel's fear was legitimate—anointing a new king while Saul still reigned could be seen as treason. Yet God provided both reassurance and practical direction for navigating this risky situation. Notice that God didn't eliminate the danger but gave Samuel wisdom for proceeding carefully. Similarly, God rarely removes all obstacles from our path of obedience but provides what we need to navigate them faithfully. Fear often signals that we're stepping into significant territory. As we face our fears with God's help—whether fear of rejection, failure, or conflict—we discover His presence and provision in deeper ways.
Question 2: Even after seeing seven of Jesse's sons rejected, Samuel didn't consider there might be another son until he specifically asked. How might our assumptions and expectations blind us to seeing what God is doing?
Commentary: It's striking that neither Samuel (God's prophet) nor Jesse (David's father) initially thought to include David in this important gathering. This reveals how deeply ingrained our biases can be—we often overlook people because of their age, background, education, appearance, or role. Consider how Jesus was similarly underestimated: "Nazareth! Can anything good come from there?" (John 1:46). Our church communities can unintentionally overlook those who don't fit our predetermined "leadership mold," potentially missing God's chosen vessels. This challenges us to intentionally look beyond our comfort zones and consider who might be the "Davids" in our midst.
Question 3: The passage mentions that "the Spirit of the Lord came powerfully upon David" from that day forward (16:13). How have you experienced the Holy Spirit's empowerment in your life, and how does this change how you view your capabilities?
Commentary: David's anointing represents more than just a symbolic selection—it was accompanied by the empowering presence of God's Spirit. This spiritual reality transformed a shepherd boy into someone capable of extraordinary acts of courage and leadership. The New Testament teaches that all believers receive the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 12:13), though we may not always live in awareness of this empowerment. David's experience reminds us that our effectiveness doesn't ultimately depend on our natural abilities but on God's Spirit working through us. When we feel inadequate for a task God has called us to—whether parenting, ministry leadership, workplace witness, or personal growth—we can remember that the same Spirit who empowered David is available to us.
Session
7: "Facing Our Giants"- 1 Samuel 17
Printable Handout
Focus: To see how Faith and trust in God, not human ability, brings victory.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. What is a "giant" you have faced in your life? How did you overcome it? – 2. What would you say are some modern "Goliaths" in our culture today? – 3. How does faith give us courage in difficult situations?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 17
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
The iconic battle between David and Goliath illustrates how faith in God can overcome seemingly impossible challenges. While an entire army trembled in fear, a young shepherd with unwavering trust in God's power stepped forward to face a giant that no one else dared confront. David's victory demonstrates that the size of our faith matters more than the size of our obstacles.
"David said to the Philistine, 'You come against me with sword and spear and javelin, but I come against you in the name of the Lord Almighty, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.'" - 1 Samuel 17:45 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 17:45-47
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers miss that David wasn't just acting on blind faith when he faced Goliath; he had significant preparation and practical experience. In 1 Samuel 17:34-37, David explains how he had already killed lions and bears while protecting his sheep. This surprising detail clarifies that faith doesn't mean ignoring preparation or experience. David's confidence came not just from abstract trust in God but from specific memories of God's deliverance in previous dangerous situations. What's equally surprising is that David rejected Saul's armor not simply because it didn't fit, but because "I cannot go in these... I am not used to them" (17:39). This teaches an important principle: we should face challenges using the skills and tools God has already developed in us rather than trying to imitate others' approaches. David's victory came through embracing his unique identity as a shepherd rather than trying to be something he wasn't.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "Facing Our Giants"
In 2009, a young woman named Susan Boyle walked onto the stage of Britain’s Got Talent. The audience took one look at her and snickered. She didn’t fit the mold of a superstar—she wasn’t glamorous, young, or polished. But then, she opened her mouth and sang. The entire room was stunned. Susan Boyle went from being mocked and underestimated to inspiring millions worldwide.
That’s exactly what happened with David and Goliath in 1 Samuel 17. A young shepherd boy stood before a giant warrior, Goliath, while the crowd laughed at the idea that he could win. David wasn’t a soldier, he didn’t have the best weapons, and he wasn’t physically impressive—but he had something Goliath didn’t: faith in God.
"All those gathered here will know that it is not by sword or spear that the Lord saves; for the battle is the Lord’s." — 1 Samuel 17:47 (NIV)
We all have giants in our lives. Maybe it’s fear, self-doubt, financial struggles, health battles, or difficult relationships. Sometimes our problems feel impossible to overcome, just like Goliath towering over David. But David’s victory wasn’t about his strength—it was about his faith.
What giant are you facing right now? Are you trying to fight it on your own, or are you trusting God to handle the battle? Just like David, we don’t need to be the strongest—we just need to have faith in the One who is.
CULTURE CONNECTION: Facing Our Giants (1 Samuel 17)
In today’s culture, we often place our confidence in personal strength, talent, and resources to overcome obstacles. Whether facing career challenges, personal struggles, or societal pressures, the world encourages us to rely on our own abilities to "conquer" our giants. However, the story of David and Goliath in 1 Samuel 17 reminds us that true victory comes not from human strength but from unwavering faith and trust in God. David, a young shepherd, defeated the mighty Goliath not with armor or weapons, but with his trust in God’s power and a heart focused on His will. This passage calls us to shift our focus from relying on our own capabilities to depending on God, who equips and empowers us for the battles we face. In a world that emphasizes self-reliance, we are reminded that with faith, even the seemingly impossible becomes possible when we place our trust in God’s sovereignty and power.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 17
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Faith Over Fear →David trusted God’s power rather than his own strength or the intimidating circumstances. →1 Samuel 17:37
→Courage to Act →He stepped forward boldly to face a challenge others feared, showing proactive bravery. →1 Samuel 17:45-47
→Preparation and Skill →David used his past experience (shepherding and slinging) to face the giant confidently. →1 Samuel 17:34-36
→Confidence in God’s Deliverance →He declared that God would deliver him from his enemy, showing unwavering trust. →1 Samuel 17:46-47
→Humility in Victory →Despite the victory, David gave glory to God rather than taking credit for himself. →1 Samuel 17:45-47
→Inspiration to Others →David’s faith and courage inspired all Israel to believe God could help them overcome challenges. →1 Samuel 17:48-51
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
The story of David and Goliath speaks powerfully to our own intimidating challenges—whether health crises, relationship conflicts, financial pressures, or spiritual battles. Like Israel's army, we often focus on the size of our problems rather than the size of our God, measuring the giants against ourselves instead of against the Lord.
What set David apart wasn't special courage or ability, but perspective. Where others saw an undefeatable enemy, David saw an opportunity for God to display His power. David understood something essential: the battle wasn't ultimately between himself and Goliath but between God and those who defied Him. This shifted the entire equation—suddenly the advantage belonged to David because God was on his side.
This narrative reminds us that our "giants" often intimidate us into inaction, causing us to forget God's faithfulness and power. Like David, we can recall God's work in our past, step forward with the skills He's given us, and face our challenges with confidence that God's purposes will prevail. Victory comes not through our strength but through faithful action empowered by trust in God's ability to work through us.
QUICK QUIZ
Goliath had been taunting Israel's army for forty days before David arrived. What "giants" might be intimidating you through persistent threats or fears, and how might David's approach change your perspective?
David reminded Saul of God's past deliverances (from the lion and bear) as evidence for future victory. What past experiences of God's faithfulness could give you confidence for challenges you're facing today?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God Is Bigger Than Any Giant We Face
1
Samuel 17:45
David
said to the Philistine, “You come against me with sword and spear,
but I come against you in the name of the Lord Almighty, the God of
the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.”
Reflection: David didn’t focus on Goliath’s size or strength. He focused on God’s power. When we face giants (big problems), we need to remember that God is bigger than anything we’re facing.
Discussion Prompt: What are some “giants” or challenges you are facing? How can focusing on God’s power help you face them?
Our Strength Comes From God, Not Ourselves
1
Samuel 17:47
“All
those gathered here will know that it is not by sword or spear that
the Lord saves; for the battle is the Lord’s, and he will give all
of you into our hands.”
Reflection: David understood that victory doesn’t come from his ability or strength, but from God. Our victories in life come through God’s power, not our own.
Discussion Prompt: Can you think of a time when you were able to overcome a challenge because you trusted God, not your own strength?
Faith in God Leads to Boldness
1
Samuel 17:37
David
said, “The Lord who rescued me from the paw of the lion and the paw
of the bear will rescue me from the hand of this Philistine.”
Reflection: David had faith that God, who had helped him in the past, would help him now. Faith in God gives us the boldness to face even the scariest challenges.
Discussion Prompt: How has God helped you in the past? How can remembering His faithfulness give you boldness for future challenges?
God Prepares Us for the Big Challenges Through Smaller Ones
1
Samuel 17:34-36
But
David said to Saul, “Your servant has been keeping his father’s
sheep. When a lion or a bear came and carried off a sheep from the
flock, I went after it, struck it and rescued the sheep from its
mouth. When it turned on me, I seized it by its hair, struck it and
killed it.”
Reflection: David didn’t just wake up one day ready to defeat Goliath. He trusted God in smaller battles (like fighting lions and bears) before facing the giant. Our smaller challenges help prepare us for bigger ones.
Discussion Prompt: Can you think of a small challenge you’ve faced that helped prepare you for something bigger? How can you trust God with smaller battles to prepare for the bigger ones ahead?
God Uses What We Already Have to Bring Victory
1
Samuel 17:40
“Then
he took his staff in his hand, chose five smooth stones from the
stream, put them in the pouch of his shepherd’s bag and, with his
sling in his hand, approached the Philistine.”
Reflection: David didn’t need fancy weapons to defeat Goliath. He used what he was already familiar with. God can use the talents, skills, and experiences we already have to bring us victory.
Discussion Prompt: What are some talents or skills you have that God can use to help you face challenges? How can you trust Him to use those things for His purpose?
Trusting God Brings Peace in the Midst of Fear
1
Samuel 17:46
“This
day the Lord will deliver you into my hands, and I’ll strike you
down and cut off your head. This very day I will give the carcasses
of the Philistine army to the birds and the wild animals, and the
whole world will know that there is a God in Israel.”
Reflection: Even though David was facing a giant, he was confident because of his trust in God. Trusting God brings peace, even when we’re afraid of big challenges.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever felt peace in the middle of a tough situation because you trusted God? How can trusting God help you feel more peaceful when facing fear?
Victory Comes When We Focus on God’s Glory, Not Ours
1
Samuel 17:46-47
“This
day the Lord will deliver you into my hands… and the whole world
will know that there is a God in Israel. All those gathered here will
know that it is not by sword or spear that the Lord saves…”
Reflection: David’s goal wasn’t to become famous or powerful, but to show that God is the true source of strength. Our challenges and victories should bring glory to God, not to us.
Discussion Prompt: Why is it important to focus on bringing glory to God when we face challenges? How can we make sure our victories reflect God’s power instead of our own?
God’s Power Is Made Perfect in Our Weakness
2
Corinthians 12:9
(Bonus
Verse for Reflection)
But
he said to me, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is
made perfect in weakness.” Therefore I will boast all the more
gladly of my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest upon
me.
Reflection: David was just a young shepherd boy, weak in the eyes of others, but God’s power was made perfect in David’s weakness. Sometimes, God allows us to face giants so we can experience His power in our lives.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever felt weak or unqualified for a challenge, but saw God’s power at work in your life anyway? How can we embrace our weaknesses and let God show His power through us? CROSS-REFERENCE
Ephesians 6:10-11 - "Finally, be strong in the Lord and in his mighty power. Put on the full armor of God, so that you can take your stand against the devil's schemes."
2 Corinthians 10:3-4 - "For though we live in the world, we do not wage war as the world does. The weapons we fight with are not the weapons of the world. On the contrary, they have divine power to demolish strongholds."
Philippians 4:13 - "I can do all this through him who gives me strength."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: David saw the same giant everyone else saw, but his reaction was completely different. What explains the difference in perspective, and how can we develop a similar outlook on our challenges?
Commentary: While Israel's soldiers focused on Goliath's intimidating size and weapons, David focused on God's even greater power and faithfulness. Notice how David reframes the situation in verse 26: "Who is this uncircumcised Philistine that he should defy the armies of the living God?" For David, the issue wasn't Goliath's strength but his defiance of God. This perspective shift is crucial for us too. Our "giants" might be addiction, financial pressure, illness, or broken relationships. When we view these challenges through the lens of God's character and promises rather than our own limitations, we approach them differently. David's outlook wasn't naive optimism but confidence grounded in knowing God's nature and remembering His past faithfulness.
Question 2: David used the skills and tools he had developed as a shepherd rather than trying to fight like a conventional soldier. How might God want to use your unique experiences, skills, or even limitations to accomplish His purposes?
Commentary: There's profound wisdom in David rejecting Saul's armor. He recognized he couldn't effectively fight trying to be someone he wasn't. Instead, he leveraged the skills God had already developed in him through years of shepherding. God often works the same way in our lives—our most effective ministry often flows from our authentic identity, including our unique experiences, skills, and even wounds that God has healed. Sometimes what we consider disadvantages (David's youth and lack of military training) become advantages when surrendered to God. Consider how your specific life journey, including difficulties you've overcome, might uniquely position you to serve others in ways no one else can.
Question 3: David publicly declared his confidence in God before engaging in battle (verses 45-47). How might publicly expressing your faith affect both your own confidence and your witness to others?
Commentary: David's bold declaration served multiple purposes—it strengthened his own resolve, encouraged the fearful Israelites, and testified to God's power before enemies. He wasn't merely fighting for personal victory but so "the whole world will know that there is a God in Israel" (verse 46). This challenges us to consider how openly we express our dependence on God when facing difficulties. While not every situation calls for dramatic public statements, there's power in appropriately acknowledging God's role in our lives. When we speak of our trust in God—whether in family discussions, workplace challenges, or health crises—we both strengthen our own faith and provide opportunities for others to see God's work. Our public faith becomes part of our witness.
Session
8: "A Friendship Like No Other"- 1 Samuel 18–20
Printable Handout
Focus: To see how loyalty and love reflect God’s character.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. What qualities make a friendship strong and lasting? – 2. How do godly friendships help us grow in our faith? – 3. Have you ever had to stand up for a friend despite the risk?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 18–20
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
The remarkable friendship between David and Jonathan demonstrates the power of covenant loyalty and selfless love. Despite being the king's son and natural heir to the throne, Jonathan supports David—even when it means setting aside his own ambitions and defying his father. Their relationship exemplifies the kind of sacrificial friendship that reflects God's own character and provides strength during life's most difficult challenges.
"Jonathan said to David, 'Go in peace, for we have sworn friendship with each other in the name of the Lord, saying, "The Lord is witness between you and me, and between your descendants and my descendants forever."'" - 1 Samuel 20:42 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 18:1-3, 20:16-17, 20:42
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers miss the profound significance of Jonathan giving David his robe and weapons in 1 Samuel 18:4: "Jonathan took off the robe he was wearing and gave it to David, along with his tunic, and even his sword, his bow and his belt." This wasn't just a generous gift between friends. In ancient Near Eastern culture, a prince's robe symbolized his identity and royal status. By giving David his robe, Jonathan was symbolically transferring his right to the throne—acknowledging God's anointing of David as the next king. This clarifies that Jonathan wasn't naively helping a friend; he was making a deliberate, costly choice to support God's plan, even when it meant surrendering his own expected future as king. This symbolic act reveals a spiritual maturity that challenges our often self-protective approach to relationships and God's will for our lives.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: "A Friendship Like No Other"
In 1967, during the Vietnam War, two American soldiers, Tommy and Danny, were caught in an intense battle. When Danny was wounded and left behind, Tommy risked his life, running back into enemy fire to carry his friend to safety. When asked why he did it, Tommy said, “He would have done the same for me.” That’s the kind of loyalty and love we see in the friendship of David and Jonathan in 1 Samuel 18–20.
David and Jonathan had every reason to be enemies. Jonathan was King Saul’s son—the rightful heir to the throne—but he chose friendship over power, loyalty over jealousy, and love over personal gain.
"Jonathan said to David, ‘Go in peace, for we have sworn friendship with each other in the name of the Lord…’" — 1 Samuel 20:42 (NIV)
True friendships are rare. Today, many friendships are based on convenience, social media likes, or personal benefit. But godly friendship is different—it’s built on loyalty, selflessness, and pointing each other toward God.
Think about the friends in your life. Are they encouraging your faith? Are you that kind of friend to others? David and Jonathan remind us that real friendship is not about what we get—it’s about how we love, support, and sacrifice for each other, just as Christ did for us. Who can you encourage in friendship today?
CULTURE CONNECTION: A Friendship Like No Other (1 Samuel 18–20)
In today’s world, relationships can sometimes feel transactional, based on what we can gain or what others can offer us. However, the deep and sacrificial friendship between David and Jonathan in 1 Samuel 18–20 offers a beautiful model of loyalty and love that reflects God’s character. Their friendship was marked by selflessness, trust, and a commitment to each other’s well-being, even in the face of danger and betrayal. Jonathan, despite being the son of King Saul, chose to protect David and support God’s plan, showing that true friendship goes beyond personal interests. This passage challenges us to reflect on the way we love and support others, encouraging us to cultivate friendships based on loyalty, selflessness, and a shared desire to honor God. In a culture that often prioritizes convenience or competition, we are reminded that the love we offer others should mirror the unconditional love and faithfulness that God shows to us.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 18–20
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Loyalty →Jonathan remained steadfastly loyal to David despite pressures, exemplifying true friendship. →1 Samuel 18:1-4
→Selflessness →Jonathan put David’s wellbeing above his own interests and status as heir to the throne. →1 Samuel 19:1-7
→Trust and Honesty →Their friendship was built on honest communication and mutual trust. →1 Samuel 20:1-4
→Support in Adversity →Jonathan protected and encouraged David during dangerous and uncertain times. →1 Samuel 19:1-7; 20:12-17
→Covenantal Commitment →They made a solemn agreement to care for each other and their families, showing commitment. →1 Samuel 20:15-17
→Faithful Encouragement →Jonathan bolstered David’s confidence in God’s plan, helping him remain hopeful and strong. →1 Samuel 20:18-23
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
The friendship between David and Jonathan offers a powerful counter-cultural model in our age of casual connections and self-interest. While many relationships today are built on mutual benefit or convenience, Jonathan and David formed a covenant bond—a sacred commitment that transcended personal advantage and withstood severe testing.
What makes their friendship particularly remarkable is that Jonathan had the most to lose. As the king's son, the throne would naturally have been his inheritance. Yet he recognized God's hand on David and chose to support God's plan rather than his own ambition. In a world where we often compete with others for position and recognition, Jonathan's willingness to step aside for God's chosen one demonstrates extraordinary humility and spiritual insight.
This narrative invites us to examine our own friendships. Do we seek relationships that merely affirm our desires and comfort us, or do we cultivate connections that help align us with God's purposes? Are we willing to support others' God-given callings, even when it costs us something? True friendship, as modeled by Jonathan and David, blesses us with loyal support during difficult seasons while also challenging us to become everything God intends us to be.
QUICK QUIZ
Jonathan risked his relationship with his father Saul to protect David. When might friendship require standing against family expectations or cultural pressures, and how can we discern when this is appropriate?
David and Jonathan's friendship was sealed with a covenant before God. How might explicitly acknowledging God's presence in our friendships change how we approach those relationships?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
True Friendship is Built on Loyalty
1
Samuel 18:3
And
Jonathan made a covenant with David because he loved him as himself.
Reflection: Jonathan’s friendship with David was rooted in loyalty. True friends stick together, even when things get difficult. Loyalty is a key part of a godly friendship.
Discussion Prompt: What does loyalty look like in a friendship? Can you think of a time when you showed loyalty to a friend, or a friend showed loyalty to you?
Godly Friendships Reflect God’s Love
1
Samuel 18:1
After
David had finished talking with Saul, Jonathan became one in spirit
with David, and he loved him as himself.
Reflection: Jonathan’s love for David reflected the love God calls us to have for others. True friendship reflects God’s love, which is selfless and unconditional.
Discussion Prompt: How can we show love in our friendships the way God shows His love for us? What does it mean to love a friend as you love yourself?
Friendships Are a Source of Strength and Encouragement
1
Samuel 19:4-5
Jonathan
spoke well of David to Saul his father and said to him, “Let not
the king do wrong to his servant David; he has not wronged you, and
what he has done has benefited you greatly.”
Reflection: Jonathan defended David and encouraged him, even when it was hard. A true friend lifts you up and supports you, especially in difficult times.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever had a friend encourage you when you were feeling down or misunderstood? How can we be a source of strength and encouragement to others?
A Good Friend Protects You
1
Samuel 19:2
But
Jonathan had warned David, “My father Saul is looking for a chance
to kill you. Be on your guard tomorrow morning; go into hiding and
stay there.”
Reflection: Jonathan warned David about Saul’s plans and helped protect him. A good friend looks out for your well-being and helps keep you safe, even when it’s hard to do.
Discussion Prompt: How have friends protected you, either physically or emotionally? How can we protect our friends in a way that shows we care for them?
Friendships Are Tested, But Loyalty Prevails
1
Samuel 20:17
And
Jonathan had David reaffirm his oath out of love for him, because he
loved him as he loved himself.
Reflection: Even when things were difficult and Saul’s jealousy grew, Jonathan remained loyal to David. Friendships will face challenges, but loyalty and love are what keep them strong.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever had a friendship go through a tough time? How did you and your friend work through it? What role did loyalty play?
God Uses Friendships to Fulfill His Plans
1
Samuel 20:42
Then
Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace, for we have sworn friendship
with each other in the name of the Lord, saying, ‘The Lord is
witness between you and me, and between your descendants and my
descendants forever.’”
Reflection: The friendship between Jonathan and David was not just about them—it was also about God’s plan. God uses friendships to help fulfill His purposes, both in the present and the future.
Discussion Prompt: How can our friendships help us carry out God’s plan in our lives? What role does God play in the friendships He has given us?
True Friends Honor Each Other’s Needs Above Their Own
1
Samuel 20:30-34
Saul’s
anger flared up at Jonathan, and he said to him, “You son of a
perverse and rebellious woman! Don’t I know that you have sided
with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the
mother who bore you?”
Reflection: Jonathan was willing to stand by David, even though it meant losing his father’s favor. A true friend values what’s best for the other person, even when it’s hard or requires sacrifice.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever had to sacrifice something for the sake of a friendship? What are some ways we can honor our friends’ needs before our own?
Godly Friendships Leave a Lasting Impact
2
Samuel 9:7
(Bonus
Verse for Reflection)
“Don’t
be afraid,” David said to him, “for I will surely show you
kindness for the sake of your father Jonathan. I will restore to you
all the land that belonged to your grandfather Saul, and you will
always eat at my table.”
Reflection: Even after Jonathan’s death, David continued to honor their friendship by showing kindness to Jonathan’s son, Mephibosheth. Godly friendships leave a legacy of love and loyalty.
Discussion Prompt: How can our friendships impact others beyond just us? What kind of legacy do you want to leave through your friendships?
CROSS-REFERENCE
John 15:13-14 - "Greater love has no one than this: to lay down one's life for one's friends. You are my friends if you do what I command."
Proverbs 17:17 - "A friend loves at all times, and a brother is born for a time of adversity."
Ecclesiastes 4:9-10 - "Two are better than one, because they have a good return for their labor: If either of them falls down, one can help the other up. But pity anyone who falls and has no one to help them up."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
Question 1: Jonathan recognized God's anointing on David and supported him, even though it meant giving up his own claim to the throne. When have you had to set aside your own interests or ambitions to support God's work in someone else's life?
Commentary: Jonathan's actions reveal extraordinary spiritual maturity. In 1 Samuel 23:17, he explicitly acknowledges to David, "You will be king over Israel, and I will be second to you." This runs counter to our natural desire for recognition and advancement. True friendship sometimes requires us to celebrate others' successes and support their calling, especially when God is clearly at work in their lives. This doesn't mean we abandon our own God-given purposes, but rather that we hold our ambitions loosely, recognizing that God's kingdom advances through mutual support rather than competition. Jonathan could have viewed David as a threat but instead saw him as part of God's plan—a perspective that transforms relationships.
Question 2: David and Jonathan created a specific plan to determine Saul's intentions and ensure David's safety (1 Samuel 20:18-23). How can friends practically help each other navigate difficult relationships or dangerous situations?
Commentary: Their carefully crafted plan shows the practical side of true friendship. Jonathan didn't just offer emotional support but took concrete steps to protect David. In our own relationships, this might mean helping friends recognize unhealthy patterns, creating safety plans in dangerous situations, or providing practical assistance during crises. Notice how their plan incorporated both wisdom (gathering information carefully) and clear communication (the arrow signals). Christian friends should offer not just sympathy but tangible help—whether that's childcare during a family crisis, accompanying someone to a difficult medical appointment, or helping establish boundaries in toxic relationships. As James 2:15-16 reminds us, faith without action is meaningless.
Question 3: In 1 Samuel 20:41, David and Jonathan openly express their emotions, weeping together at their parting. How comfortable are you showing vulnerability with close friends, and how might deeper emotional honesty strengthen your relationships?
Commentary: The profound emotional intimacy between David and Jonathan challenges the emotional stoicism many (especially men) are taught to value. Their friendship included not just loyalty and practical support but deep emotional connection. Scripture records that they wept together and that David "wept the most." This models a healthy vulnerability often missing in contemporary relationships. Many of us maintain surface-level friendships where we share activities or information but not our deeper struggles, fears, or joys. Yet research consistently shows that emotional intimacy is crucial for mental health and spiritual growth. Consider whether you have relationships where you can be fully known—including your doubts, failures, and weaknesses—and still be fully loved and accepted.
Session
9:
"Faith in the Shadows” 1 Samuel 21–23
Printable Handout
Focus: To explore how God provides guidance and protection even in the darkest times.
Icebreaker Questions: - 1. Can you recall a time when you had to make a hard decision based on faith, not certainty? How did God show up? — 2. David sought God’s direction before making decisions. How can we practice that kind of intentional prayer in today’s fast-paced world? —3. Have you ever felt betrayed by people you trusted? What does David’s response teach us about continuing to trust God even when others let us down?
Scripture: 1Samuel 21–23
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
These chapters of 1 Samuel show us David at one of the lowest points in his life. He’s not yet king. He’s on the run from King Saul, hiding out in caves and forests, unsure who to trust. At one point, he ends up in a cave with 400 people who are distressed and in debt. Not exactly a dream team. On top of that, Saul commits a terrible act—he has 85 priests killed, simply because they helped David without knowing he was a fugitive.
But even in these dark, confusing times, David keeps turning to God. He asks God for guidance. He listens. He moves when God says move. Through it all, God is quietly working—protecting David, guiding his steps, and building his future.
“But
David found strength in the Lord his God.” – 1
Samuel 30:6b (NIV)
(Though
this quote is from a little later, it reflects David’s attitude in
chapters like these.)
Quote for Reflection:
“It is in the darkness that faith is forged—not when the answers are clear, but when they are only whispered.” – Tim Keller, Pastor and Author
KEY POINTS TO REFLECT ON
Faith can grow in hidden places. David didn’t need a throne to trust God—he had caves and forests, and still sought God’s will.
God provides unlikely help. David’s support came from misfits, outcasts, and even a priest who took a risk for him.
Evil doesn’t go unnoticed. Saul’s actions were cruel and unjust, but God’s justice doesn’t sleep.
God gives specific guidance. David regularly asks God what to do, and God answers. (See 1 Samuel 23:2 and 23:4.)
Fear doesn’t have the final word. Even while being hunted, David kept seeking God, proving that fear doesn’t have to cancel faith.
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Clarifying
a Difficult Teaching:
In
1 Samuel 22:18–19, Saul commands Doeg the Edomite to kill 85
priests and then destroy the entire town of Nob—including men,
women, children, and animals. Why would this be allowed in the Bible?
Clarification:
This
is one of the darkest moments in Saul’s kingship. It’s not God
commanding the violence—it's Saul acting out of paranoia, pride,
and uncontrolled anger. What’s surprising is that the man who
carries out the killings isn’t even an Israelite—Doeg is an
Edomite. This scene is meant to shock us. It shows how far Saul has
fallen and how the abuse of power can lead to tragedy. But here’s
the hope: God remembers the innocent. In the next chapter, He
protects David. In the long run, Saul's actions don't destroy God's
plan—they only reveal why God chose someone else to be king.
Devotional Thought: The Nightlight in the Hall
Think of being a kid, walking through a dark hallway at night. You know the way, but the shadows make it feel scary. Then you see a small nightlight glowing near the end of the hall. It’s not bright, but it’s enough to show you where to step next.
David was living in one long, dark hallway. He didn’t have all the answers, and danger was everywhere. But he kept looking for God’s light—asking, listening, waiting. That’s what faith looks like in the shadows: not seeing everything, but trusting enough to take the next step.
Reflection: When life feels dark, are you still watching for God’s direction—even in small ways?
Culture Connection:
We live in a time where fear and uncertainty are everywhere—news cycles, job changes, health scares, and relational stress. Like David, we often feel we're in survival mode, unsure of who to trust or where to turn. Our culture teaches us to rely on ourselves, hustle harder, and “figure it out.” But Scripture shows that the path forward in dark seasons isn’t always a quick escape—it’s dependence on God’s voice. Throughout history, even when people hide, run, or wander, God keeps reaching toward them—offering guidance, peace, and strength in the waiting.
Even in the darkest seasons, God's direction still whispers to those who are listening.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 21–23
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Trust Amid Uncertainty →David continued to trust God even when his future was unclear and he was pursued by enemies. →1 Samuel 21:1-15
→Resourcefulness →David used wisdom and discernment to navigate danger and find refuge. →1 Samuel 21:10-15
→Humility in Hardship →Despite being anointed king, David accepted lowly circumstances without bitterness. →1 Samuel 22:1-5
→Faithful Leadership →Even in exile, David maintained leadership over his followers, showing responsibility. →1 Samuel 22:2-4
→Patience in Waiting →He showed patience in waiting for God’s timing rather than taking premature action. →1 Samuel 23:1-14
→Hope in God’s Protection →David relied on God’s protection and provision despite threats and trials. →1 Samuel 23:15-29
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
God never promised that following Him would be easy—but He did promise to be near. David’s life in these chapters is full of shadows: betrayal, danger, fear, and uncertainty. He’s not sitting on a throne—he’s hiding in caves. But even there, he doesn’t give up on God. He keeps asking questions. He keeps listening. He keeps moving in obedience, even when the path ahead is unclear.
This reflects God’s bigger story: He often does His deepest work in dark seasons. From Genesis to Revelation, we see Him walking with His people through the valley—not just meeting them at the mountaintop. His guidance doesn’t always come all at once, but like a lamp to our feet, it’s always enough for the next step.
God’s faithfulness doesn’t depend on how bright the day is—but on how closely we follow Him through the dark.
QUICK QUIZ
What
does David’s choice to ask God for direction in 1 Samuel 23 teach
us about spiritual survival?
Why
do you think God allows David to be on the run for so long before
becoming king?
CROSS-REFERENCE
(NIV)
James
1:2–4 “Consider
it pure joy, my brothers and sisters, whenever you face trials of
many kinds, because you know that the testing of your faith produces
perseverance.”
(God
often uses hardship to shape us—just as He did with David.)
Psalm
23:4
(Written
by David himself!) “Even
though I walk through the darkest valley, I will fear no evil, for
you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me.”
(David
knew God's presence even in the shadows.)
John
16:33 “In
this world you will have trouble. But take heart! I have overcome the
world.”
(Jesus
affirms that hardship is normal—but not the end of the story.)
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS with COMMENTARY
When
have you felt like you were “in the shadows” spiritually? What
helped you keep going?
Commentary:
This opens the group up for authentic, personal sharing. It helps
normalize doubt and discouragement and shifts the focus to endurance
and trust.
How
does David’s consistent habit of asking God for guidance challenge
how we make decisions?
Commentary:
This leads into a conversation about daily dependence. It may cause
people to realize they often act first and pray later—or not at
all.
Why
do you think God often chooses to develop leaders in hidden
places?
Commentary:
This question connects the dots between David’s journey and God’s
way of shaping character. It helps people appreciate seasons of
waiting rather than rushing through them.
Session
10: "Sparing the Enemy"- 1 Samuel 24
Printable Handout
Focus: To learn how to trust God with justice instead of taking matters into our own hands.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. Have you ever had an opportunity to get revenge but chose not to? – 2. How do we trust God to handle justice instead of trying to control the situation ourselves? – 3. Why does forgiveness seem weak to the world but strong in God’s eyes?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 24
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
In 1 Samuel 24, we witness a pivotal moment in David's journey when he has the opportunity to kill Saul, who had been relentlessly pursuing him. Instead of taking revenge, David shows remarkable restraint and mercy, choosing to honor God's anointed king despite Saul's hostility. This passage powerfully illustrates how God calls us to respond to those who wrong us with grace rather than vengeance.
"Do not take revenge, my dear friends, but leave room for God's wrath, for it is written: 'It is mine to avenge; I will repay,' says the Lord." - Romans 12:19 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 24:12-13 - "May the Lord judge between you and me. And may the Lord avenge the wrongs you have done to me, but my hand will not touch you. As the old saying goes, 'From evildoers come evil deeds,' so my hand will not touch you."
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
David's act of cutting off a piece of Saul's robe might seem insignificant to modern readers, but in ancient times, this was deeply symbolic. The hem or fringe of a king's robe represented his authority and identity. When David cut Saul's robe, it symbolically foreshadowed the removal of Saul's kingship, which God had already declared would happen. What's surprising is that despite this symbolic act, David immediately felt guilty for even this small gesture against God's anointed king. This demonstrates David's extraordinary reverence for God's authority structures, even when those in authority were abusing their power. David understood something profound: honoring God sometimes means respecting the office even when the person holding it fails to do so.
CULTURE CONNECTION: Sparing the Enemy (1 Samuel 24)
In today’s culture, when we face injustice or harm, the instinct is often to take matters into our own hands—whether through retaliation, judgment, or seeking personal revenge. However, in 1 Samuel 24, we see a powerful example of how David chose to trust God with justice rather than acting out of anger or hurt. When David had the opportunity to kill Saul, his enemy, he chose mercy instead, recognizing that vengeance belongs to God alone. This passage teaches us that true strength comes not in seeking retribution but in surrendering to God’s authority and trusting Him to handle justice in His perfect timing. In a world where the desire for justice can easily lead to division and conflict, David’s decision to spare Saul challenges us to resist the urge for immediate payback and to instead trust God’s sovereignty over our circumstances. It calls us to act with patience, mercy, and faith that God will handle what is right.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: Letting Go of the Sword
Imagine you’re driving when someone suddenly cuts you off, nearly causing an accident. Your heart pounds, frustration rises, and you’re tempted to lay on the horn—or worse, roll down the window and give them a piece of your mind. But then, you take a deep breath and let it go.
This moment mirrors the story in 1 Samuel 24. David had every reason to strike back at Saul. Saul was hunting him down, trying to kill him, and now—right there in the cave—David had the perfect chance for payback. But instead of taking revenge, David chose to trust God with justice. He knew that honoring God was more important than proving a point.
A real-life example of this kind of grace happened in 1981 when Pope John Paul II was shot by a man named Mehmet Ali Ağca. The Pope had every reason to be angry, to demand justice. Instead, he did something radical—he forgave Ağca. He even visited him in prison and extended kindness to the man who tried to take his life.
David and Pope John Paul II remind us that sometimes the greatest strength is found in restraint. Choosing grace over revenge isn't weakness; it’s faith. When we trust God with justice, we release the burden of bitterness and walk in the freedom of His peace.
So, next time someone wrongs you—whether it’s a reckless driver, a hurtful word, or something much bigger—ask yourself: Do I trust God enough to let go of the sword?
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 24
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Self-Control →David restrained himself from harming Saul, showing control over impulses despite provocation. →1 Samuel 24:4-7
→Respect for God’s Authority →He recognized Saul as God’s anointed king and left judgment to God rather than taking matters into his own hands. →1 Samuel 24:6-7
→Mercy →David showed compassion to his enemy, valuing mercy over retaliation. →1 Samuel 24:8-10
→Integrity →He maintained his integrity by acting according to his values, even when it was risky. →1 Samuel 24:11-15
→Patience →David trusted God’s timing for justice rather than rushing to act on his own behalf. →1 Samuel 24:12
→Peace-Seeking →By sparing Saul, David sought peace and avoided unnecessary conflict. →1 Samuel 24:16-22
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
When we face situations where we've been wronged, our natural instinct is often to seek justice on our own terms. We want to "even the score" or make sure the person who hurt us experiences consequences. David's example reminds us that God has a bigger plan at work when we exercise restraint and mercy.
By choosing not to harm Saul when he had the perfect opportunity, David demonstrated that he trusted God's timing and God's justice more than his own. This doesn't mean that wrongs should go unaddressed, but rather that we recognize God's ultimate authority in bringing true justice. When we release our grip on revenge and put situations of injustice into God's hands, we free ourselves from the consuming power of bitterness and allow God to work in ways we couldn't imagine. Just as David's mercy toward Saul was part of God's larger plan to establish David as a king after God's own heart, our choices to respond with grace rather than revenge can be part of God's redemptive work in the world around us.
QUICK QUIZ
David had the perfect opportunity to eliminate his enemy, yet chose mercy instead. When have you faced a situation where you chose (or could have chosen) mercy over getting even? What was the outcome?
If God has promised to bring justice, why is it so difficult for us to leave vengeance in His hands? What does our desire for revenge reveal about our trust in God?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God’s Timing Is Better Than Our Revenge
1
Samuel 24:6
He
said to his men, “The Lord forbid that I should do such a thing to
my master, the Lord’s anointed, or lay my hand on him; for he is
the anointed of the Lord.”
Reflection: David had the chance to kill Saul when Saul was vulnerable, but instead, he trusted God’s timing. David knew it was wrong to harm Saul, even though Saul had wronged him. David trusted that God would take care of the situation in His time, not his own.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever been tempted to take revenge on someone who hurt you? How can trusting in God’s timing help you avoid doing something you might later regret?
Responding with Grace Reflects God’s Heart
1
Samuel 24:12
“May
the Lord judge between you and me. And may the Lord avenge the wrongs
you have done to me, but my hand will not touch you.”
Reflection: David’s response was filled with grace. Instead of hurting Saul, he let God handle justice. When we respond with grace instead of revenge, we reflect God’s heart of mercy and forgiveness.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think David chose grace over revenge? How can showing grace in our lives reflect God’s character?
Forgiveness Leads to Freedom
1
Samuel 24:18
“You
have treated me well, but I have treated you badly.”
Reflection: By sparing Saul’s life, David forgave him, even though Saul had been trying to kill David. Forgiveness isn’t just for the person who hurt us—it frees us from holding onto bitterness and anger.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever forgiven someone who wronged you? How did it feel to let go of anger and choose forgiveness instead? How does forgiveness bring peace to our hearts?
God Can Handle Our Enemies Better Than We Can
1
Samuel 24:15
“May
the Lord be our judge and decide between us. May he consider my cause
and uphold it; may he vindicate me by delivering me from your hand.”
Reflection: David understood that God was the ultimate judge. Instead of trying to fight Saul on his own, David trusted that God would handle justice and deliver him.
Discussion Prompt: When you’re wronged or hurt by others, how can you remind yourself to trust God with the situation? Why is it important to leave justice in God’s hands?
Choosing Grace Shows Our Trust in God
1
Samuel 24:10
“This
day you have seen with your own eyes how the Lord delivered you into
my hands in the cave. Some urged me to kill you, but I spared you; I
said, ‘I will not lay my hand on my master, because he is the
Lord’s anointed.’”
Reflection: David’s decision to spare Saul was not just about Saul—it was a way of showing that David trusted God to deal with the situation. Choosing grace shows our trust that God’s ways are better than our own.
Discussion Prompt: When you choose to show grace instead of taking revenge, how does it demonstrate trust in God? How does trusting God help us make wise decisions when we’re hurt or wronged?
God Honors Humility and Patience
1
Samuel 24:20
“I
know that you will surely be king and that the kingdom of Israel will
be established in your hands.”
Reflection: David was humble enough to acknowledge that God had a plan for Saul, even though Saul was trying to kill him. David was patient and waited for God’s timing. Humility and patience are key in trusting God’s justice.
Discussion Prompt: How do you think humility and patience play a role in showing grace? Why is it hard to be patient and trust God when we feel hurt?
Grace Leads to Reconciliation
1
Samuel 24:22
“So
David gave his oath to Saul. Then Saul returned home, but David and
his men went up to the stronghold.”
Reflection: After David spared Saul’s life, they made peace, at least for a time. Grace can lead to reconciliation, where relationships are restored and peace is made, even after hurt or conflict.
Discussion Prompt: Can you think of a time when showing grace helped restore a broken relationship? How can we take steps toward reconciliation in our friendships and families?
Revenge Only Leads to More Hurt
Proverbs
24:29
(Bonus
Verse for Reflection)
“Do
not say, ‘I’ll do to them as they have done to me; I’ll pay
them back for what they did.’”
Reflection: Seeking revenge often brings more pain and keeps the cycle of hurt going. When we choose grace, we stop the cycle of revenge and allow healing to happen.
Discussion Prompt: How can taking revenge create more problems in our lives? Why does it often make us feel worse, even if we think it will make us feel better?
CROSS-REFERENCE
Matthew 5:43-44 - "You have heard that it was said, 'Love your neighbor and hate your enemy.' But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you."
Romans 12:17-21 - "Do not repay anyone evil for evil. Be careful to do what is right in the eyes of everyone. If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone. Do not take revenge, my dear friends, but leave room for God's wrath, for it is written: 'It is mine to avenge; I will repay,' says the Lord. On the contrary: 'If your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him something to drink. In doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head.' Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good."
Luke 6:27-28 - "But to you who are listening I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS with COMMENTARY
Question 1: "David showed tremendous restraint by not harming Saul when he had the chance. What situations in your life make it difficult to show restraint when you've been wronged?"
Commentary: In our daily lives, we encounter numerous situations where others may hurt or offend us—perhaps a coworker taking credit for our work, a friend spreading gossip, or family members who have caused deep pain. When these wounds are fresh, restraint feels almost impossible. David's example shows us that restraint isn't just about holding back our immediate reaction; it's an active choice to trust God with justice rather than taking matters into our own hands. Consider how much harder David's situation was—Saul was actively trying to kill him—yet he still chose mercy.
Question 2: "David's men encouraged him to take revenge, claiming it was God's will. How do we discern between advice that sounds spiritual but might lead us away from God's true character of mercy?"
Commentary: We often face well-meaning but misguided advice from those around us. David's men interpreted circumstances to suggest God was giving David permission for revenge, but David looked deeper at God's character and commands. Even in the Old Testament, before Jesus's teachings on loving enemies, David understood something fundamental about God's heart. When discerning advice, we should always compare it against what we know of God's character as revealed throughout Scripture. Does the advice align with love, mercy, and justice? Or does it merely justify our human desire for retribution?
Question 3: "After David spared him, Saul showed temporary remorse but later returned to pursuing David. How should we respond when showing mercy to others doesn't change their behavior toward us?"
Commentary: One of the hardest lessons in showing mercy is that it doesn't guarantee changed behavior from others. Saul's temporary change of heart didn't last, which reflects many of our experiences when we choose grace over revenge. The key insight here is understanding that we don't show mercy primarily to change others—we show mercy because it reflects God's character and transforms us. Jesus didn't call us to love enemies only if it works to change them; He called us to love because that's who God is. When mercy doesn't seem to "work," we're invited to trust that God sees our faithfulness and is working in ways we cannot see or understand in the moment.
Session
11: "Walking
in Wisdom: Between Mercy and Survival " 1
Samuel 25–27
Printable Handout
Focus: How do we stay godly when life gets unfair or dangerous?
ICEBREAKER QUESTIONS: — 1. Have you ever had to “hold your tongue” when someone really made you mad? What helped you stay calm—or not? — 2. If someone could step in and stop you from making a big mistake, would you want them to? How would that feel in the moment? — 3. Can you think of a time when doing the right thing didn’t seem to “pay off” right away? How did that experience shape your faith or character?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 25–27
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW: Walking in Wisdom
David was anointed to be king—but at this point in the story, he’s hiding in caves, living off the land, and trying not to get killed by King Saul. In Chapters 25–27, we see three powerful stories about how David responded to pressure. He faced an insult from a rich fool (Nabal), a near-battle over emotions, and a hard choice to hide among his enemies.
Through it all, we learn that wisdom is more than knowing what’s right—it’s acting rightly even when it’s hard.
“Character
is who you are when no one’s watching, but godliness is who you are
when everyone’s against you.”
— Tony
Evans, pastor and author
KEY POINTS TO REFLECT ON
God uses unexpected people to protect us from ourselves – Abigail’s wisdom and courage stopped David from making a huge mistake.
Revenge feels right in the moment, but mercy leads to peace – David had every reason to destroy Nabal or Saul, but chose self-control.
Even godly people have seasons of fear or confusion – David’s choice to live with the Philistines (Chapter 27) shows us God’s grace even when we’re unsure.
Wisdom is not just knowledge, it’s action guided by faith – David’s restraint shows real trust in God’s justice and timing.
God’s timing and protection often show up in conversations, not just miracles – Abigail’s words became a divine warning.
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU: David Living With the Enemy?
1 Samuel 27 might surprise some readers: David chooses to live among the Philistines, Israel’s enemies! What’s going on here? Why would the future king live with the bad guys?
It can seem confusing—almost like David is compromising. But this chapter reminds us that even faithful people go through seasons where they make hard or confusing decisions. David was exhausted, hunted, and unsure. He thought, “One of these days I will be destroyed by the hand of Saul. The best thing I can do is to escape to the land of the Philistines.” (1 Samuel 27:1, NIV).
Clarifying
the teaching:
This
isn’t about cowardice—it’s about survival. David didn’t stop
trusting God, but he was at the end of his rope. God didn’t punish
him for hiding, but preserved him. This shows us that God
meets us in our low points and keeps working, even when our decisions
aren’t perfect.
It's an honest picture of walking by faith—sometimes limping, not
leaping.
CULTURE CONNECTION: God’s Mercy in a Me-First World
In a culture that prizes instant reactions, claps back on social media, and celebrates getting even, the story of David, Abigail, and Saul challenges us to pause—and listen for God’s whisper instead of our emotions. David lived in a violent, power-driven time, yet God kept offering him a better way: one shaped by mercy, patience, and trust in divine timing.
That same invitation still reaches out to us today. From David’s wilderness to our modern anxiety, God’s hand keeps reaching out with wisdom and love, even when we drift toward fear, revenge, or survival-mode living. But just like David and Saul, many today push that hand away, convinced they know better, or too wounded to trust.
This scripture reminds us that while humanity keeps going its own way, God keeps making a way—through unexpected voices, quiet moments, and even through our stumbles. In a restless world, His wisdom still waits for us to take the better path.
“All
we like sheep have gone astray, each of us has turned to our own way;
and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all.”
—
Isaiah 53:6 (NIV)
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: “The Unsent Text”
Have you ever typed out a long, angry text to someone who hurt you—and then just stared at it?
Your thumbs hover. Your heart pounds. Every word feels true, justified, maybe even deserved. But something holds you back. A moment of clarity. A nudge in your spirit. Maybe it’s God whispering, “This isn’t the road I want you on.”
That’s what happened to David.
He had his “sword drawn” moment—ready to go destroy Nabal for disrespecting him. But then Abigail showed up, like God’s grace in a calm voice, reminding him who he really was, and who he served. David could have made a huge mistake. Instead, he listened, took a breath… and let it go.
How many messes in our lives could be avoided if we paused and prayed before hitting “send”? If we waited for God’s wisdom instead of rushing into our feelings?
Sometimes
wisdom isn’t about winning the moment—it’s about walking away
free.
Let
that unsent text be a reminder that God’s mercy is stronger than
our anger, and His timing better than our plans.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 25–27
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Discernment in Judgment →David showed wisdom in balancing mercy and justice, as seen in his interactions with Nabal and Abigail. →1 Samuel 25:2-42
→Humility to Accept Counsel →Abigail’s intervention taught David to listen and change course, demonstrating humility. →1 Samuel 25:23-31
→Self-Control Amid Anger →David restrained his anger after Abigail’s advice, choosing a peaceful resolution over vengeance. →1 Samuel 25:33-35
→Pragmatism for Survival →David adapted to difficult circumstances, including seeking refuge with the Philistines. →1 Samuel 27:1-7
→Trust in God’s Sovereignty →Despite uncertain choices, David trusted that God was ultimately in control. →Implied in 1 Samuel 27
→Moral Complexity →David’s life showed the complexity of walking faithfully in a fallen world, balancing mercy and survival. →Throughout 1 Samuel 25–27
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
David’s life in 1 Samuel 25–27 shows us that walking with God doesn’t always look victorious—it sometimes looks like restraint, hiding, or making hard decisions. But even in confusing or unfair situations, God is guiding, teaching, and shaping us for something greater. David wasn’t just surviving Saul or avoiding Nabal—he was learning what it meant to be God’s king before sitting on the throne. His path was filled with tension between acting on emotion or trusting God’s hand to bring justice in His time.
This is also our story. We are called to live wisely—not just reactively—in a world that often rewards anger, pride, or quick fixes. God is writing a bigger story in our lives, even through the frustrating chapters. Just like David, we will have moments where we must choose: Will we trust God's timing, even when it’s hard? Will we choose mercy over payback? Every act of godly wisdom becomes a testimony of God’s grace working in us.
“Do
not repay anyone evil for evil. Be careful to do what is right in the
eyes of everyone...
Do not take revenge... but leave room for God's wrath.”
—
Romans 12:17–19 (NIV)
QUICK QUIZ
David had the power to destroy Nabal and Saul, but didn’t. What does that say about his trust in God—and how does that challenge our view of justice today?
Why do you think God sometimes allows His people to go through difficult or unfair seasons before bringing deliverance?
CROSS-REFERENCE — Scriptures with Similar Wisdom Themes
Here are New Testament passages that align with David’s journey in 1 Samuel 25–27:
Romans 12:21 – “Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.”
James 1:19–20 – “Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires.”
1 Peter 3:9 – “Do not repay evil with evil or insult with insult. On the contrary, repay evil with blessing, because to this you were called so that you may inherit a blessing.”
Matthew 5:44 – “But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.”
Galatians 6:9 – “Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up.”
Colossians 3:13 – “Bear with each other and forgive one another... Forgive as the Lord forgave you.”
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS with COMMENTARY
Why
do you think David listened to Abigail when he was so angry and ready
for revenge?
Commentary:
This opens up reflection on how God uses unexpected voices—especially
those we might normally ignore—to correct our paths. It also raises
awareness of how pride and anger can cloud our judgment until truth
gently confronts us.
Have
you ever had to trust God’s timing instead of getting immediate
justice?
Commentary:
This allows participants to connect the story emotionally to their
lives. It helps them realize David's experience isn’t ancient—it’s
a pattern for all believers walking in faith today.
David
chose to live among the Philistines out of fear and fatigue. What
does that say about our need for God’s grace even in our low
points?
Commentary:
Encourages transparency. David didn’t always make the best choices,
and yet God still worked with him. This reminds believers that
mistakes don’t disqualify us from God’s plan—they often become
the classroom where grace is learned.
Session
12: "When We Desperately Seek Answers"- 1 Samuel 28
Printable Handout
Focus: To recognize the importance of seeking God's wisdom in all situations.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. How do people today seek answers in unhealthy ways instead of going to God? – 2. Have you ever made a desperate decision that you later regretted? – 3. How can we practice seeking God’s wisdom daily?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 28
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
In 1 Samuel 28, we encounter a tragic moment in King Saul's life when, feeling abandoned by God and desperate for answers about an impending battle with the Philistines, he disguises himself and seeks out the medium of Endor to contact the deceased prophet Samuel. This decision—explicitly against God's commands—demonstrates how fear and desperation can drive even leaders to abandon their principles and seek answers from forbidden sources when God seems silent.
"Let no one be found among you who... practices divination or sorcery, interprets omens, engages in witchcraft, or casts spells, or who is a medium or spiritist or who consults the dead. Anyone who does these things is detestable to the LORD." - Deuteronomy 18:10-12 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 28:6-7 - "He inquired of the LORD, but the LORD did not answer him by dreams or Urim or prophets. Saul then said to his attendants, 'Find me a woman who is a medium, so I may go and inquire of her.'"
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers are surprised to learn that in this passage, it appears that Samuel actually does appear and speak to Saul—this wasn't just a deception or trick by the medium. The text indicates that the medium herself was shocked when Samuel actually appeared (verse 12), suggesting this was not her normal experience. This unusual divine intervention allowed Samuel to deliver one final message to Saul, not because the medium had power to summon the dead, but because God chose to use this moment to pronounce final judgment on Saul. What's particularly surprising is that God would use this forbidden practice—which He had clearly condemned—to communicate His purposes. This reminds us that while God can work through any circumstance, even our disobedience, it doesn't mean He approves of the methods we choose when we step outside His will.
CULTURE CONNECTION: When We Desperately Seek Answers (1 Samuel 28)
In today’s fast-paced world, when faced with uncertainty or difficulty, it’s easy to turn to quick fixes, human advice, or even alternative sources of guidance, as Saul did in 1 Samuel 28 by seeking a medium. This passage highlights the dangers of seeking answers apart from God, as Saul’s desperate search for wisdom led him down a path of disobedience and despair. In our culture, we often look for solutions in worldly wisdom or external influences, but the story of Saul warns us that true wisdom and direction come only from God. This session invites us to reflect on our own habits when facing challenges: Are we turning to God first, seeking His will and wisdom, or are we relying on things that may lead us away from Him? It challenges us to trust in God’s perfect guidance, knowing that His answers are always better than anything we can find on our own.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: Turning to the Right Voice
Have you ever been desperate for answers? Maybe you had a big decision to make—whether to take a new job, move to a different city, or repair a broken relationship. In moments like these, we want direction, and sometimes, we’re tempted to look anywhere for answers—friends, social media, even questionable advice—just to feel like we have control.
King Saul found himself in a desperate place in 1 Samuel 28. God had stopped answering him because of his disobedience, and instead of waiting or repenting, Saul made a terrible choice—he turned to a medium to summon the prophet Samuel’s spirit. Instead of receiving comfort, he was reminded of his failure, and his fate was sealed. Seeking wisdom from the wrong places only led him further into darkness.
A modern example of this played out in 2008 when the world faced a financial crisis. Many people, panicked about their future, made rash decisions—pulling out all their savings, investing in scams, or trusting bad advice. Instead of seeking wise counsel, fear drove them to choices that hurt them even more.
When life
is uncertain, where do we turn? Proverbs 3:5-6 (NIV) reminds
us:
"Trust
in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own
understanding; in all your ways submit to him, and he will make your
paths straight."
The next time you feel lost or desperate for answers, resist the urge to chase quick fixes. Instead, seek God in prayer, His Word, and through wise, godly counsel. His wisdom never fails.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 28
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Recognition of Limits →Saul’s desperation revealed human limits in controlling situations and understanding the future. →1 Samuel 28:3-6
→Warning Against Forbidden Practices →Seeking answers outside God’s will (e.g., consulting a medium) leads to spiritual danger. →1 Samuel 28:7-14
→Fear and Anxiety →Desperation often brings fear that can cloud judgment and lead to poor decisions. →1 Samuel 28:15-19
→Need for Faithfulness →The story highlights the importance of faithful reliance on God rather than forbidden sources. →1 Samuel 28:6-15
→Consequences of Disobedience →Saul’s choices led to judgment and loss of God’s favor, showing the cost of turning away. →1 Samuel 28:16-19
→Importance of Seeking God Early →Trusting God before desperation prevents the need for harmful alternatives. →Implied throughout
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
In our modern world, we often face situations where answers from God seem distant or unclear. Like Saul, we might be tempted to seek guidance from sources that promise quick answers but contradict God's revealed will—whether through horoscopes, fortune-tellers, or even making major life decisions based primarily on emotions or popular opinion rather than biblical principles.
Saul's tragic story serves as a powerful reminder that the means by which we seek answers matters as much as the answers themselves. God desires our trust and patience during seasons of silence, not our frantic attempts to find alternate sources of supernatural guidance. When we feel God is silent, He may be inviting us to examine our own hearts, to wait patiently for His timing, or to look more carefully at guidance He's already provided through Scripture and godly counsel. The path to wisdom isn't found in shortcuts but in faithful obedience—even, and perhaps especially, when answers aren't immediately forthcoming. Unlike Saul, whose desperation led to his final downfall, we can choose to remain faithful even in uncertainty, trusting that God's silence never equals His absence.
QUICK QUIZ
Saul sought answers from a medium after God stopped responding to him. What does this teach us about how desperation can affect our decision-making? Have you ever been tempted to seek answers from questionable sources when God seemed silent?
Samuel's message to Saul was exactly what he feared hearing. If we seek answers outside God's will, might we be more likely to encounter what reinforces our fears rather than what builds our faith?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
God’s Guidance Is the Only True Source of Wisdom
1
Samuel 28:6
“He
inquired of the Lord, but the Lord did not answer him by dreams or
Urim or prophets.”
Reflection: Saul tried to seek God’s guidance, but God didn’t answer him. God’s wisdom is the only true and reliable source of guidance. When we look to other sources, we risk missing God’s direction for our lives.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think God sometimes remains silent when we seek answers? How can we trust God’s timing when we don’t immediately hear from Him?
Turning to Other Sources for Answers Can Lead Us Away from God
1
Samuel 28:7
Saul
then said to his attendants, “Find me a woman who is a medium, so I
may go and inquire of her.”
Reflection: Instead of waiting for God’s answer, Saul turned to a medium, someone who communicated with spirits. Seeking guidance outside of God’s will can lead us further away from Him and put us in dangerous situations.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever been tempted to seek answers in places other than God’s Word (such as from fortune tellers, online sources, or other people)? What can happen when we do that instead of waiting for God’s direction?
Disobedience to God’s Word Opens the Door to Wrong Choices
1
Samuel 28:3
“Now
Samuel was dead, and all Israel had mourned for him and buried him in
his own town of Ramah. Saul had expelled the mediums and spiritists
from the land.”
Reflection: Saul had previously banished all mediums and spiritists from the land because God commanded it. Yet, when he felt desperate, he disobeyed and sought out a medium. Disobedience to God’s Word opens the door to wrong choices and actions.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think Saul chose to disobey God’s command when he was in a difficult situation? How can disobeying God’s Word lead to more problems in our lives?
Desperation Can Lead Us to Make Poor Decisions
1
Samuel 28:15
“Why
have you disturbed me by bringing me up?” Samuel asked. “I am in
great distress,” Saul said. “The Philistines are fighting against
me, and God has departed from me. He no longer answers me, either by
prophets or by dreams.”
Reflection: Saul’s desperation led him to seek answers from the wrong place. Desperation can cloud our judgment and lead us to make poor decisions. We must rely on God’s wisdom, not our emotions or circumstances, to guide us.
Discussion Prompt: Have you ever made a decision in desperation that you later regretted? How can we avoid making hasty decisions when we’re feeling desperate or anxious?
God’s Silence Can Be a Call to Trust, Not a Time to Turn Elsewhere
1
Samuel 28:15-16
“Saul
said, ‘I am in great distress... God has departed from me.’
Samuel said, ‘Why do you consult me, now that the Lord has departed
from you and become your enemy?’”
Reflection: Samuel pointed out that Saul’s desperation to seek guidance from elsewhere came because God had withdrawn His favor due to Saul’s disobedience. Sometimes, God’s silence is an invitation to trust Him more, not to look for answers in places He has warned us about.
Discussion Prompt: How can God’s silence be an opportunity for us to trust Him more deeply? What steps can we take when we feel that God is silent in our lives?
When We Seek Answers Outside of God’s Will, We Risk Facing Consequences
1
Samuel 28:19
“The
Lord will deliver both Israel and you into the hands of the
Philistines, and tomorrow you and your sons will be with me.”
Reflection: The medium summoned the spirit of Samuel, and Samuel’s message was clear: because Saul had turned to a medium instead of trusting God, he would face consequences. Seeking answers outside of God’s will can lead to serious consequences in our lives.
Discussion Prompt: What are some consequences that might come from seeking guidance outside of God’s will? How can trusting God in the waiting time protect us from making poor decisions?
God’s Wisdom Leads to Peace, While Seeking Other Sources Brings Confusion
James
1:5
(Bonus
Verse for Reflection)
“If
any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all
liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him.”
Reflection: God promises to give us wisdom when we ask for it. His wisdom leads to peace and clarity, while seeking answers outside of Him often leads to confusion and fear.
Discussion Prompt: When you face a tough situation, how can you ask God for wisdom? Why is it better to seek God’s wisdom than to turn to other sources?
Trusting God’s Guidance Brings True Peace
Psalm
32:8
(Bonus
Verse for Reflection)
“I
will instruct you and teach you in the way you should go; I will
counsel you with my loving eye on you.”
Reflection: God promises to guide and teach us. When we trust His guidance, we can be confident that we’re on the right path. God’s guidance always leads to peace, even in difficult times.
Discussion Prompt: How can we cultivate a habit of seeking God’s guidance in all areas of life? What role does trusting God play in finding peace in uncertain situations?
CROSS-REFERENCE
James 1:5-8 - "If any of you lacks wisdom, you should ask God, who gives generously to all without finding fault, and it will be given to you. But when you ask, you must believe and not doubt, because the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, blown and tossed by the wind. That person should not expect to receive anything from the Lord. Such a person is double-minded and unstable in all they do."
Proverbs 3:5-6 - "Trust in the LORD with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways submit to him, and he will make your paths straight."
2 Corinthians 11:14-15 - "And no wonder, for Satan himself masquerades as an angel of light. It is not surprising, then, if his servants also masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will be what their actions deserve."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS with COMMENTARY
Question 1: "Saul had previously expelled mediums from the land but turned to one in his desperation. In what ways do we sometimes compromise our own values or beliefs when we're afraid or desperate for answers?"
Commentary: It's striking that Saul sought out the very practice he had banned, showing how desperation can lead us to abandon our principles. We might find ourselves making similar compromises—perhaps turning to unhealthy relationships for comfort, making ethical compromises at work when finances are tight, or seeking secular solutions to spiritual problems. Fear can be a powerful motivator that clouds our judgment. Saul's example invites us to examine what "mediums" we might be tempted to consult when God seems silent—whether literal fortune-telling or simply sources of guidance that contradict God's revealed will. The path to wisdom requires consistency in our convictions, especially during difficult times.
Question 2: "God had stopped answering Saul through legitimate means (dreams, Urim, prophets). What might God's silence be teaching us in our own lives, and how should we respond when we don't seem to be hearing from Him?"
Commentary: God's silence toward Saul was a consequence of persistent disobedience. While God's silence in our lives isn't always due to sin, it's always an invitation to reflection. When God seems quiet, we might need to examine whether there's unaddressed sin in our lives, or perhaps God is developing our patience and faith. Unlike Saul, who quickly abandoned proper channels to seek forbidden knowledge, we're called to wait on God's timing. Periods of divine silence can be opportunities for spiritual growth—moments when we learn to trust God's character rather than demanding immediate answers. Instead of frantically seeking alternative voices, we can use these times to deepen our study of Scripture, seek godly counsel, and remain in prayerful waiting.
Question 3: "Samuel's message to Saul only confirmed what he already feared. How can we distinguish between our own fears speaking to us and God's genuine guidance, especially in difficult decisions?"
Commentary: One of the dangers of seeking guidance outside God's will is that we often hear what reinforces our existing fears rather than what challenges us toward faith. When we're anxious, we tend to interpret ambiguous information in ways that confirm our worries. God's genuine guidance, however, even when it contains difficult truths, always aligns with His character and Word. It brings clarity rather than confusion, peace rather than panic. To distinguish between our fears and God's guidance, we need to evaluate whether a message leads us toward trust in God or away from it, whether it aligns with Scripture, and whether it's confirmed by wise, godly counsel. Unlike the hopelessness Saul received from the medium, God's guidance—even when corrective—is restorative and redemptive in its purpose.
Session
13: “Turning Point at Ziklag” – 1 Samuel 29–30
Printable
Handout
Focus:
God’s faithfulness in our failures and turning crises into
restoration
Icebreaker Questions: — 1. Have you ever been in a situation where it felt like everything was falling apart—but later, you saw God’s hand in it? — 2. What is something you’ve had to “walk away from” that ended up being a blessing in disguise? — 3. What does “restoration” mean to you at this point in your life?
Scripture: 1Samuel 29–30
Audio: (NLT)
Overview:
In these chapters, David reaches a personal and moral low point—living among the Philistines, dismissed from battle, and returning home to find Ziklag destroyed. But amid the ashes, David does something he hasn’t done in a while: he seeks the Lord. These events mark a major turning point in his journey to the throne and show that even in failure, God is ready to redeem and restore.
Outline:
I. A Strange Mercy (1 Samuel 29:1–11)
David, while still with the Philistines, is prepared to go to war against Israel.
Philistine leaders reject David, sending him back to Ziklag.
Discussion Point: How does God sometimes rescue us even when we’ve made poor choices?
II. The Tragedy at Ziklag (1 Samuel 30:1–6)
Ziklag is burned, families are taken captive.
David’s men blame him and consider stoning him.
Key Verse (30:6b): “But David found strength in the Lord his God.”
Discussion Point: What does it look like to “find strength in the Lord” during a crisis?
III. Restoration Through Obedience (1 Samuel 30:7–31)
David consults the Lord, pursues the Amalekites, and recovers everything.
He also shares the plunder with others—restoring relationships and unity.
Discussion Point: How does obedience open the door to restoration?
Application Questions:
What practical ways can we “strengthen ourselves in the Lord” like David did?
When have you seen God restore what was lost or broken in your life or in others’?
How does this story encourage you about God’s faithfulness, even after spiritual failure?
CULTURE CONNECTION:
In today’s culture, people often try to navigate life on their own terms—trusting in success, relationships, or even political systems to bring peace and purpose. Like David, we can find ourselves in places we were never meant to be, making compromises that leave us spiritually distant and vulnerable. Yet the story of Ziklag reminds us of a greater truth: God’s hand of grace is always extended—even when we’ve wandered far from Him.
Throughout history, from Eden to Calvary, and from David to today, God has pursued humanity with unrelenting love. Still, generation after generation, people turn their backs on Him—choosing their own way until life falls apart. But our failures are never the end of the story. In mercy, God offers restoration, not because we deserve it, but because He is faithful.
In a world that’s broken, divided, and often blind to God, we must be people who know how to return to Him. David “found strength in the Lord his God” not when everything was going well, but when everything had fallen apart. That’s a message we still need today—whether we’re 25 or 85: God’s grace is the turning point.
DEVOTIONAL THOUGHT: “The Lost Quilt”
Imagine an old, hand-stitched quilt passed down through generations—faded in places, torn in others, but precious beyond measure. One day, it’s accidentally tossed in with a pile of old rags during spring cleaning and ends up lost in the attic for years. It’s forgotten, overlooked, and assumed gone.
Then one afternoon, while cleaning out a dusty box, someone finds it again. It’s a mess—musty, torn, threadbare—but the moment they unfold it, the memories flood back. A grandmother’s loving hands. The stories sewn into every patch. It’s not thrown away. It’s lovingly washed, mended, restored. And though it may never look new again, it becomes something even more beautiful: a reminder of grace, love, and the power of restoration.
That’s what David’s journey at Ziklag is like. He wasn’t where he was supposed to be. He’d made compromises. He’d gotten lost. But God didn’t throw him out. Instead, God used the ashes of failure to create a moment of return. David was not discarded—he was restored.
Maybe you’ve had times where you felt like the quilt in the attic—forgotten, worn down by life, or ashamed of wrong turns. But God never forgets His own. He doesn’t leave us in the ashes. He’s the restorer.
Like David, we must stop, turn back to God, and find our strength in Him. The One who stitched us together in love isn’t finished with us yet.
Scripture Connection (1 Samuel 30:6b NIV): “But David found strength in the Lord his God.”
This single line marks a dramatic turning point in David’s spiritual journey. Up to this point, he had been relying on his own strategies—aligning with the Philistines, living on the edge of compromise. But when Ziklag is burned, and everything is lost, he finally turns his heart fully back to God.
This verse reminds us that true strength comes not from within ourselves, but from our relationship with God. In the lowest moment of his life, David didn’t give up—he looked up.
For us today, whether facing loss, failure, regret, or fatigue, the invitation is the same: Find strength in the Lord your God. He is our ever-present help.
CROSS-REFERENCE:
2
Corinthians 12:9 (NIV): “But
he said to me, ‘My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is
made perfect in weakness.’ Therefore I will boast all the more
gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ’s power may rest on
me.”
→
Like David, Paul reminds us that God's strength shines brightest when
we come to the end of our own.
James
4:8 (NIV): “Come
near to God and he will come near to you.”
→
David drew near to the Lord in crisis—and God responded with
direction and restoration. He does the same for us.
Hebrews
4:16 (NIV): “Let
us then approach God’s throne of grace with confidence, so that we
may receive mercy and find grace to help us in our time of need.”
→
Just as David approached God in his moment of need, we are invited to
do the same with confidence in Christ.
Romans
8:28 (NIV): “And
we know that in all things God works for the good of those who love
him, who have been called according to his purpose.”
→
Even in disaster, like Ziklag’s destruction, God was working things
for David’s good—and He does the same for us.
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 29–30
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Resilience in Crisis →Despite losing family and possessions, David persevered rather than giving up. →1 Samuel 30:1-6
→Leadership in Adversity →David took decisive action to pursue and recover what was lost, showing strong leadership. →1 Samuel 30:7-20
→Faith and Prayer →David sought God’s guidance through prayer before acting, relying on divine direction. →1 Samuel 30:7-8
→Teamwork and Delegation →He involved his men in decisions and encouraged unity, valuing collective effort. →1 Samuel 30:21-25
→Generosity in Victory →David ensured fair distribution of recovered goods, preventing division and resentment. →1 Samuel 30:22-25
→Hope and Restoration →The episode highlights hope that recovery and restoration are possible even after great loss. →1 Samuel 30:17-20
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT:
The story of David at Ziklag reminds us that God’s plan is never derailed by our detours. Even when David was living among the Philistines—far from where he was supposed to be—God was still working behind the scenes. The rejection by the Philistine commanders, the destruction of Ziklag, and even the heartbreak that followed were all used by God to redirect David’s heart and path. What looked like a crisis was actually a course correction. In the ashes of failure, David rediscovered his dependence on God. And that’s where the real turning point came—not in victory first, but in surrender.
This isn’t just David’s story—it’s ours too. From Genesis to Revelation, we see a consistent pattern: God reaches out in grace, but humanity often turns away. Yet God never gives up. His heart is always for restoration, not rejection. We may stumble, take wrong turns, or face overwhelming loss, but God remains faithful. In our lowest moments—when we stop striving and start seeking—He meets us with strength, wisdom, and restoration. The story of Ziklag teaches us that we are never too far gone, never too old, and never too broken for God to use. His plan is bigger than our past and stronger than our failures.
Session
14: "A Kingdom Lost"- 1 Samuel 31
Printable Handout
Focus: To understand how rejecting God’s ways leads to destruction.
Icebreaker Questions: – 1. How do we see the effects of pride and disobedience in today’s world? – 2. What lessons can we learn from Saul’s downfall? – 3. How do we recognize when we are drifting away from God’s will?
Scripture: 1 Samuel 31
Audio: (NLT)
OVERVIEW
1 Samuel 31 presents the tragic end of King Saul's life and reign as he faces defeat in battle against the Philistines. After seeing his sons killed and being severely wounded himself, Saul takes his own life rather than face capture by his enemies. This somber conclusion to Saul's story serves as a powerful warning about the destructive path of persistent disobedience and unrepentance, showing how a life that began with promise ended in despair when separated from God's guidance.
"Do not be deceived: God cannot be mocked. A man reaps what he sows. Whoever sows to please their flesh, from the flesh will reap destruction; whoever sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life." - Galatians 6:7-8 (NIV)
Key Verses: 1 Samuel 31:4-6 - "Saul said to his armor-bearer, 'Draw your sword and run me through, or these uncircumcised fellows will come and run me through and abuse me.' But his armor-bearer was terrified and would not do it; so Saul took his own sword and fell on it. When the armor-bearer saw that Saul was dead, he too fell on his sword and died with him. So Saul and his three sons and his armor-bearer and all his men died together that same day."
THIS MAY SURPRISE YOU
Many readers are surprised to learn about the connection between the men of Jabesh Gilead and Saul. At the beginning of Saul's reign in 1 Samuel 11, his first act as king was rescuing the people of Jabesh Gilead from the Ammonites who threatened to gouge out their right eyes. Now, at the end of Saul's story, these same people risk their lives to recover his body and give him a proper burial. This poignant detail reveals an important truth: even in lives marked by significant failure, there can be moments of genuine service and leadership worth honoring. The men of Jabesh Gilead didn't excuse Saul's many failures, but they did remember his moment of courage that saved their city. This teaches us that we can acknowledge the complexity of human character—recognizing both the good and bad in leaders—without either glorifying or demonizing them. Their act of loyalty reminds us that even flawed individuals deserve basic dignity in death.
CULTURE CONNECTION: A Kingdom Lost (1 Samuel 31)
In today’s culture, there is often a temptation to rely on personal power, ambition, and worldly success to secure our future. However, the tragic end of King Saul in 1 Samuel 31 serves as a powerful reminder of the consequences of rejecting God’s ways. Despite his initial calling and anointing, Saul’s decisions to disobey God, act out of fear, and prioritize his own will over God’s led to the loss of his kingdom and ultimately his life. In a world that values self-determination and achievement, Saul’s story warns us of the dangers of going our own way and ignoring God’s guidance. This passage challenges us to consider how we may be tempted to reject God’s instructions in favor of our own desires. It invites us to reflect on the importance of humility, obedience, and alignment with God’s will, reminding us that true success and security are found in following His ways, not in pursuing our own path apart from Him.
Devotional Thought: The Cost of Ignoring Warning Signs
Imagine a person driving late at night, ignoring the flashing road signs that say “Bridge Out Ahead.” Maybe they assume it’s an old sign, or they convince themselves they’ll find a way across. But as they speed forward, reality hits—there is no bridge, only a drop-off. By the time they realize their mistake, it's too late.
This is the story of Saul in 1 Samuel 31. God had warned him time and time again through Samuel, through battles lost, and through the silence when Saul sought answers in all the wrong places. Instead of repenting and turning back to God, he kept going down a dangerous road, relying on his own strength. In the end, his kingdom was lost, his sons were killed, and his own life ended in tragic defeat.
History reminds us that ignoring warnings leads to destruction. The Titanic, famously called "unsinkable," ignored multiple warnings about icebergs. Instead of changing course or slowing down, the ship continued full speed ahead—until disaster struck.
God’s commands are not meant to restrict us; they are warning signs meant to protect us. When we ignore Him, we set ourselves on a path toward destruction. But the good news is, it’s never too late to turn around. Unlike Saul, we have a Savior who offers grace, redemption, and a new beginning. The question is—will we listen before it’s too late?
SERIOUSLY THINKING- Growing Traits in the Person Who Learns from- 1 Samuel 31
→Trait →Description →Scripture Reference
→Consequences of Disobedience →Saul’s persistent disobedience led to his downfall and loss of God’s favor. →1 Samuel 31:1-6
→The Reality of Failure →Even a king can face devastating failure when turning away from God’s guidance. →1 Samuel 31:4-6
→Tragic End Due to Pride →Saul’s pride and fear drove decisions that culminated in his demise. →1 Samuel 31:1-6
→Legacy and Memory →Saul’s death left a legacy of loss and transition, impacting the nation’s future. →1 Samuel 31:7-13
→Need for Godly Leadership →The story underscores the critical importance of leaders who honor God’s commands. →Implied in 1 Samuel 31
→Hope in New Beginnings →Despite the loss, the stage is set for new leadership and renewal in Israel’s story. →Implied in 1 Samuel 31
TAKE-HOME THOUGHT
Saul's story begins with such promise—a tall, handsome man chosen by God to lead Israel—yet ends with his body displayed on the walls of a Philistine city and his kingdom in ruins. This stark contrast powerfully illustrates how persistent disobedience to God, without genuine repentance, leads ultimately to destruction. Unlike David, who sinned gravely but responded with true repentance when confronted, Saul consistently made excuses, blamed others, and sought to preserve his image rather than truly changing his heart.
The collapse of Saul's kingdom wasn't a sudden event but the final outcome of a long spiritual decline. Each compromise, each act of disobedience, each consultation with sources other than God weakened his leadership and his nation. In our own lives, we may not face battlefield consequences like Saul, but the principle remains: persistent rejection of God's guidance creates a downward spiral with ever-increasing consequences. Yet this sobering account also reminds us of God's grace. For while Saul's kingdom was indeed lost, God's larger plan for Israel continued through David. This teaches us that while our disobedience has real consequences, it cannot ultimately thwart God's purposes. No matter how far we've strayed, the opportunity for genuine repentance—turning back to God with our whole heart—remains available as long as we have breath.
QUICK QUIZ
Saul's death represented the fulfillment of Samuel's prophecy. How does this demonstrate that God's word always comes to pass, even when it takes time? Can you think of other examples where God's promises or warnings were fulfilled after a long period?
In his final moments, Saul was more concerned about avoiding humiliation from his enemies than seeking reconciliation with God. How might his final hours have been different if he had turned to God even at this late stage?
KEY POINTS to Reflect On:
Disobedience Leads to Destruction
1
Samuel 31:4
“Saul
said to his armor-bearer, ‘Draw your sword and run me through, or
these uncircumcised fellows will come and run me through and abuse
me.’ But his armor-bearer was terrified and would not do it; so
Saul took his own sword and fell on it.”
Reflection: Saul’s life ended in despair because of his ongoing disobedience to God. He chose to take matters into his own hands rather than repent and trust God. Disobedience to God leads to destruction and separation from His plans for us.
Discussion Prompt: Why do you think Saul’s disobedience led to such a tragic end? How does our own disobedience affect our relationship with God?
God's Justice Cannot Be Avoided
1
Samuel 31:6
“So
Saul and his three sons and his armor-bearer and all his men died
together that same day.”
Reflection: Saul’s death was a direct consequence of his disobedience and refusal to turn back to God. God’s justice is always true, and we cannot escape the consequences of rejecting His will.
Discussion Prompt: How can we trust that God’s justice is always right, even when it seems hard to understand? Why is it important to repent when we know we’ve done wrong?
Rejecting God’s Ways Brings Long-Term Consequences
1
Samuel 31:7
“When
the Israelites along the valley and those across the Jordan saw that
the Israelites had fled and that Saul and his sons had died, they
abandoned their towns and fled.”
Reflection: Saul’s disobedience affected not just him but also his people. The kingdom fell into chaos and fear as a result of Saul’s poor choices. Our actions don’t just affect us—they can have lasting consequences on those around us.
Discussion Prompt: How have you seen the consequences of one person’s disobedience affect others? What responsibility do we have to those around us in the choices we make?
Refusing to Repent Hardens Our Heart
1
Samuel 31:6
“So
Saul and his three sons and his armor-bearer and all his men died
together that same day.”
Reflection: Saul’s refusal to repent and turn back to God resulted in his death. Over time, continuing in disobedience without repentance hardens our hearts and leads us further from God.
Discussion Prompt: Why is it important to repent and turn back to God when we know we’ve sinned? How can refusing to repent hurt our relationship with God and others?
The Heart of Disobedience Is Rejection of God’s Authority
1
Samuel 31:13
“They
took their bones and buried them under a tamarisk tree at Jabesh, and
they fasted seven days.”
Reflection: Saul’s death was a tragic end, but it was a result of his rejection of God’s authority and his desire to go his own way. When we choose to follow our own path instead of God’s, we are rejecting His rightful place as Lord over our lives.
Discussion Prompt: In what areas of life do we sometimes reject God’s authority? What are the dangers of thinking we know better than God?
God Calls Us to Repentance, Not Destruction
2
Peter 3:9
(Bonus
Verse for Reflection)
“The
Lord is not slow in keeping his promise, as some understand slowness.
Instead he is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish, but
everyone to come to repentance.”
Reflection: God’s desire is not to bring destruction, but to see all of us come to repentance. Even when we fail, God is patient and ready to forgive when we turn to Him. Saul’s end came because he refused to repent.
Discussion Prompt: How does knowing that God is patient with us help us feel confident in turning back to Him when we make mistakes? How can we encourage others to repent and turn to God?
The Pain of Consequences Should Lead Us to Repentance, Not Despair
1
Samuel 31:8-10
“The
next day, when the Philistines came to strip the dead, they found
Saul and his three sons fallen on Mount Gilboa... they cut off his
head and stripped off his armor.”
Reflection: Saul’s death was a humiliating and painful end. But it should have been a wake-up call for us all that the consequences of disobedience are serious and can be overwhelming. Instead of despairing over our mistakes, we are called to turn to God in repentance.
Discussion Prompt: When we face the consequences of our actions, how can we avoid feeling hopeless and instead turn to God for help and restoration?
God’s Will Cannot Be Stopped, Even by Our Disobedience
1
Samuel 31:11-13
“When
the people of Jabesh Gilead heard of what the Philistines had done to
Saul, all their valiant men went to Jabesh and took the bodies of
Saul and his sons...”
Reflection: Even in Saul’s disobedience and death, God’s plan continued. The men of Jabesh Gilead rescued Saul’s body to give him an honorable burial. God’s purposes will always prevail, even when we fail to follow His will.
Discussion Prompt: How does knowing that God’s plan cannot be stopped by our failures encourage us? What should our response be when we see the consequences of disobedience in our own lives?
CROSS-REFERENCE
Proverbs 14:12 - "There is a way that appears to be right, but in the end it leads to death."
2 Timothy 3:1-5 - "But mark this: There will be terrible times in the last days. People will be lovers of themselves, lovers of money, boastful, proud, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy, without love, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not lovers of the good, treacherous, rash, conceited, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God—having a form of godliness but denying its power. Have nothing to do with such people."
Hebrews 3:12-13 - "See to it, brothers and sisters, that none of you has a sinful, unbelieving heart that turns away from the living God. But encourage one another daily, as long as it is called 'Today,' so that none of you may be hardened by sin's deceitfulness."
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS with COMMENTARY
Question 1: "Saul's life shows how small compromises can eventually lead to major spiritual defeat. What are some 'small compromises' in our own spiritual lives that might lead us down a dangerous path if left unchecked?"
Commentary: Saul's downfall didn't happen overnight but through a series of compromises that gradually hardened his heart. For us, these small compromises might include neglecting regular prayer or Bible study, rationalizing "small" sins as unimportant, prioritizing popularity over principle, or trusting in our own wisdom rather than seeking God's guidance. These seemingly minor choices establish patterns that weaken our spiritual discernment and make larger compromises easier over time. Just as Saul moved from partial obedience to consulting a medium to taking his own life, our spiritual journeys can follow a similar negative trajectory if we don't address early warning signs. The good news is that identifying these small compromises early gives us the opportunity to course-correct before they lead to more significant consequences.
Question 2: "The Philistines dishonored Saul's body, but the men of Jabesh Gilead remembered his earlier kindness and gave him a proper burial. What does this teach us about honoring flawed leaders while still acknowledging the consequences of their failures?"
Commentary: This part of the story offers valuable insight into how we might approach flawed leadership. The men of Jabesh Gilead didn't excuse Saul's many failings or pretend he was a perfect king, but they did remember and honor the good he had done—specifically when he rescued their city. In our polarized culture, we often either completely villainize or heroize leaders without acknowledging their complexity. Biblical wisdom calls us to a more nuanced approach: recognizing that humans are capable of both commendable actions and serious failures. We can appreciate someone's contributions while still acknowledging the consequences of their poor choices. This balanced perspective helps us learn from both the positive and negative examples of others without either dismissing them entirely or overlooking significant character flaws.
Question 3: "Saul's sons, including the honorable Jonathan, died alongside their father in battle. How do we make sense of situations where innocent people suffer because of others' poor choices, and what comfort does Scripture offer in such cases?"
Commentary: One of the most painful aspects of this story is that Jonathan—David's loyal friend who demonstrated faith when his father didn't—died alongside Saul. This illustrates a difficult reality: sometimes the consequences of leadership failures affect not just the leader but also those connected to them. We see this in families, communities, churches, and nations. While we might wish that the righteous were always protected from others' poor choices, Scripture honestly portrays a world where the innocent sometimes suffer alongside the guilty. However, Scripture also offers profound comfort: God sees and values faithfulness even when its earthly rewards aren't apparent (Hebrews 11), eternal justice will ultimately prevail (2 Thessalonians 1:6-7), and God works even through tragedy to accomplish His purposes (Romans 8:28). Jonathan's life wasn't wasted—his loyalty and faith continue to inspire believers thousands of years later, showing that a life's impact isn't measured solely by its length or earthly outcome.
The book of 1 Samuel chronicles the transition of Israel from a theocracy led by judges to a monarchy under kings, highlighting themes of faith, leadership, and God’s sovereignty. Charles Spurgeon once noted, "A man after God’s own heart is not a perfect man, but a penitent man," encapsulating the journey of King David, a central figure in the narrative, as he learns to trust in God's plan amidst triumph and failure.
Session 1: "A Mother’s Prayer, A Nation’s Future"- 1 Samuel 1–2
Session 2: "Hearing God’s Voice" 1 Samuel 3
Session 3: "When We Want a King"- 1 Samuel 8
Session 4: "The Rise and Fall of Saul"- 1 Samuel 9–15
Session 5: "A Man After God’s Own Heart"- 1 Samuel 16
Session 6: "Facing Our Giants"- 1 Samuel 17
Session 7: "A Friendship Like No Other"- 1 Samuel 18–20
Session 8: "Sparing the Enemy"- 1 Samuel 24
Session 9: "When We Desperately Seek Answers"- 1 Samuel 28
Session 10: "A Kingdom Lost"- 1 Samuel 31
Overview of the Book of 1 Samuel and Its Relevance Today
The Book of 1 Samuel marks a pivotal time in the history of Israel, moving from the era of the judges to the establishment of the monarchy. It begins with the story of Samuel’s birth, the calling of this humble prophet, and the rise of Israel’s first king, Saul. Samuel’s leadership, his faithfulness to God, and his prophetic role offer timeless lessons in obedience, prayer, and trust in God's plan. The book is not only a historical account of Israel’s transition but also a mirror of the human heart's struggle between faithfulness and disobedience.
One of the most significant moments in 1 Samuel is the anointing of David, a shepherd boy chosen by God to succeed Saul. This contrast between Saul and David is one of the book's central themes. Saul, though initially humble, becomes prideful and disobedient, while David, despite his flaws, seeks after God's heart. David's reliance on God in the face of overwhelming odds, especially in his encounter with Goliath, continues to inspire believers today to trust in God's power and timing. As Charles Spurgeon wisely stated, “God does not choose us because we are fit for His work; He fits us for His work because He has chosen us.” David's rise from obscurity to kingship exemplifies how God's plans often unfold in unexpected ways.
The lessons from 1 Samuel speak powerfully to contemporary believers, especially for those in later seasons of life. Samuel's dedication to serving God in his old age, Saul’s tragic downfall due to pride and disobedience, and David's pursuit of God's will all serve as cautionary tales and sources of encouragement. Today, as we face personal trials and societal challenges, we can draw strength from the same God who guided Samuel, Saul, and David. The Lord's call to obedience remains just as vital, and His guidance just as reliable. As we read in 1 Samuel 15:22, “To obey is better than sacrifice, and to heed is better than the fat of rams.”
In today’s fast-paced world, we may sometimes feel like the world is passing us by, but the stories in 1 Samuel remind us that God has a purpose for every season of life. Whether in times of leadership or times of waiting, the book of 1 Samuel encourages believers to remain faithful and trust in God's greater plan, knowing that, as 1 Samuel 2:9 reminds us, “He will guard the feet of his faithful servants.”
In summary, the Book of 1 Samuel invites us to reflect on the nature of leadership, the importance of obedience, and the sovereignty of God over all aspects of life. It teaches that God’s purposes will prevail, and that true strength comes not from our own abilities, but from trusting in Him.