Micah & Nahum
Micah Introduction
Micah, a contemporary of Isaiah and Amos, lived during a time of significant social and religious upheaval in Judah. His message, while delivered centuries ago, resonates powerfully with our own lives today.
Micah, a shepherd from the rural countryside, was a man of the people. He spoke truth to power, fearlessly denouncing the corruption of the wealthy and the spiritual apathy of the religious leaders. He warned of impending judgment for social injustice and called for a return to true righteousness.
As Christians today, we can approach the Old Testament with a profound sense of reverence and awe. It's crucial to remember that the Old Testament serves as the foundation upon which the New Testament is built. As C.S. Lewis eloquently put it, 'Christianity is not a religion for grown-up children. It is a religion for grown-up people.' We must engage with these ancient texts with the same intellectual and spiritual maturity that we bring to any other area of our lives.
While the Old Testament contains laws and narratives that may seem archaic to us, its core message of love, justice, and compassion remains timeless. As N.T. Wright reminds us, 'The Old Testament is not primarily about rules, it's about relationship.' It's a story of God's unwavering love for his people, a story that culminates in the coming of Jesus Christ.
Let us approach the book of Micah with open hearts and minds, seeking to understand the prophet's message within its historical and cultural context. May we allow his words to challenge our own consciences and inspire us to live lives of greater justice and compassion in the world today."
Micah 6:8: "He has shown you, O mortal, what is good. And what does the Lord require of you but to do justice, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God?"
Session 1: "Hear the Warning: Judgment on the Nations"- Micah 1:1–2:13
Read: Micah 1:1–2:13
Focus: God’s judgment against Israel and Judah for their sins and His promise to gather a remnant.
Overview:
Micah, a prophet from the countryside, spoke God's message to both Israel and Judah. He warned them about God's coming judgment because of their sins. Micah's words were strong and clear, telling the people to listen carefully to what God had to say.
In the first chapter, Micah paints a powerful picture of God coming down from heaven to judge the earth. He says, "For behold, the LORD is coming out of his place, and will come down and tread upon the high places of the earth". This shows how serious God was about dealing with the sins of His people. Micah was so upset by this message that he cried out, "I will wail and howl, I will go stripped and naked". He felt deeply sad about the punishment coming to his nation.
Micah also talked about specific cities that would face God's anger. He warned both the northern kingdom (Israel) and the southern kingdom (Judah) that they needed to change their ways. As one Bible teacher explains, "Micah understood, as we should understand, that the Sovereign God is in control of all that takes place in His creation". Even though the message was hard to hear, Micah didn't give up hope. He ended this section by promising that God would one day gather His people together again, like a shepherd gathering his sheep.
Think About This:
In Micah 1:1–2:13, we find a solemn warning to the nations, proclaiming God's judgment upon them for their sins. This passage is filled with powerful imagery, and while it speaks specifically to the people of Micah's time, the message is just as relevant for Christians today. The nations that Micah warns, including Israel and Judah, were steeped in idolatry, injustice, and immorality. Their pride and disregard for God's law invited His judgment. For us today, this passage serves as a reminder that God's holiness does not tolerate sin, and that there are consequences for rejecting His ways.
Preacher and theologian John Piper once said, "Judgment is the language of God's justice and the expression of His righteous anger against sin. It is a part of God's plan to cleanse the world and bring all things under the lordship of Christ." As Christians, we can apply this truth by recognizing that God's judgment is not just an Old Testament concept, but a part of His eternal plan. It warns us to take sin seriously and reminds us that, while God is loving and merciful, He is also just.
Lead-in Question:
How does God respond when His people turn away from Him and ignore His commands?
Think About This:
The imagery in Micah’s prophecy – from the mountains melting like wax before the fire to the desolation of the cities – can be a difficult picture. But historian and theologian J.I. Packer reminds us, "God’s holiness and justice are not the opposite of His love, but its necessary expression." This means that even when we read of judgment, we should remember that it is an expression of God's love for what is right and good. It calls us, as Christians, to reflect on our own hearts and examine whether we are living in a way that honors God.
Micah 1:3–16 warns that both the Northern Kingdom of Israel and the Southern Kingdom of Judah will face devastation due to their idolatry and wickedness. For us, it is a call to repentance and turning away from sin, a plea to avoid the same fate by seeking God's forgiveness and living in a way that aligns with His will. As Christians, we are reminded that judgment is not just for the nations, but also for individuals. "The judgment that falls on nations," writes biblical scholar Warren Wiersbe, "is often the result of personal sin." While the nations in Micah's time were accountable for their actions, we too are responsible for our own walk with God.
In applying Micah's message, we can look to the ultimate hope that is found in Jesus Christ. Micah’s prophecies also point forward to the coming of the Messiah, who would bring peace and restoration. The judgment on the nations serves as a backdrop to the salvation offered through Christ, reminding us that while judgment is certain, mercy and grace are freely offered to all who repent and believe.
Discussion Questions:
1. What does Micah's description of God's coming in verses 3-4 tell us about God's power and judgment?
Micah portrays God's arrival as a powerful, earth-shaking event. The mountains melt and valleys split, showing God's absolute control over creation. This vivid imagery emphasizes the seriousness of God's judgment and His supreme authority over all things.
2. Why does Micah specifically mention Samaria and Jerusalem in verse 5?
Samaria and Jerusalem were the capital cities of Israel and Judah respectively. By singling out these cities, Micah is highlighting that the corruption and sin have reached the very heart of God's people, including their political and religious leaders.
3. How does Micah's personal response to the vision (verses 8-9) inform our own reaction to injustice and sin?
Micah's intense grief, expressed through wailing and going about naked, shows his deep anguish over the coming judgment. This teaches us that we should not be indifferent to sin and its consequences, but rather feel genuine sorrow and concern for those facing God's judgment.
Influence on Life Today:
Micah's prophecy reminds us that God takes sin seriously, even among His own people. In today's society, we should:
1. Be vigilant against corruption and injustice, especially within our own communities and churches.
2. Recognize that our actions have consequences, both for ourselves and for others around us.
3. Feel genuine concern for those who are living in ways that go against God's will, rather than being judgmental or indifferent.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God's judgment is real, but it comes from His love and desire for His people to return to Him.
2. As believers, we have a responsibility to speak truth and live righteously, even when it's unpopular.
3. God's ultimate plan includes restoration and hope, as seen in later chapters of Micah.
4. We should approach God and His word with reverence, understanding that He is both loving and just.
Session 2: "Walk Humbly: Condemnation of Corruption"- Micah 3:1–12
Read: Micah 3:1–12
Focus: The failures of leaders and prophets and the consequences of exploiting the people.
Overview:
The prophet Micah lived a long time ago, during a time when many people in power were corrupt and selfish. In Micah 3, he speaks out against these leaders, calling them out for their injustice. Micah says these leaders should be ashamed of themselves because they twist the law to benefit themselves and ignore the needs of the poor and vulnerable.
Micah uses strong words to describe these leaders. He calls them "haters of good" and says they "feed on the flesh of my people." This shows how much the actions of these leaders hurt the people they were supposed to serve. Micah warns these leaders that God will hold them accountable for their actions. He says God will bring judgment on them and punish them for their wickedness.
This passage from Micah is a powerful reminder that those in positions of power and influence have a responsibility to serve others with integrity and compassion. It's a call to justice and a warning against the dangers of corruption and greed. As the late Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. once said, "The arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends towards justice." This passage from Micah reminds us that even though it may seem like injustice prevails sometimes, ultimately, God will bring about justice and righteousness.
This message from Micah is still relevant today. We see examples of corruption and injustice all around us, both in our own communities and on a global scale. This passage challenges us to speak out against injustice and to work towards a more just and equitable world. It reminds us that we are all accountable for our actions and that we must strive to live lives that reflect God's love and compassion for all people.
Lead-in Question:
"What does it mean to walk humbly before God, especially when we see injustice and corruption around us?"
This question encourages reflection on their personal walk with God and how it intersects with their observations of the world.
Think About This:
In Micah 3, the prophet delivers a strong message against the corruption of leaders, particularly the political and religious figures of Israel. These leaders were responsible for guiding the people, but instead, they abused their power for personal gain. They were harsh, dishonest, and manipulative, leading the people away from God’s justice and mercy. Micah calls out the greed, oppression, and deceitfulness of these leaders, showing that their sin would lead to judgment.
For Christians today, this passage is a reminder of the importance of integrity in leadership. While Micah’s words directly confront the corrupt officials of his time, the broader message speaks to anyone in a position of influence, whether in government, the church, or within our own families and communities. The Apostle Paul, in Romans 13, reminds us that leaders are appointed by God to promote good, not to foster injustice. When we see corruption or exploitation in any form, we must hold those in power accountable, remembering that God is a righteous judge who opposes the wicked.
The call to "walk humbly" (Micah 6:8) is especially important in light of this passage. Humility involves recognizing that we are not above others and that our actions matter to God. Jesus modeled humility by serving others, even those who were considered the least in society. The humility Micah calls for is the opposite of the pride and selfishness seen in the corrupt leaders of his day.
As the 19th-century preacher Charles Spurgeon once said, "The Christian is not to be a man of the world; his conduct must be governed by the Word of God, and the mind of Christ." This means that we must strive to live in a way that reflects God's justice and love, standing against corruption, and humbly serving others. When we see injustice, we must seek to right wrongs, not by force or pride, but by walking in humility and seeking God’s guidance.
Micah’s words also remind us that God will bring judgment against corruption in His time. As historian and theologian John Wesley noted, “God will judge the corrupt, and no evil deed will go unnoticed by the Lord.” This is a warning for us to examine our own lives and to stand against any form of wrongdoing, whether in public life or in our own hearts.
So, how can we apply this truth today? We should examine how we are using our influence in the world—whether in the workplace, the church, or even in our homes. Are we using our power and authority for good, or are we contributing to the systems of injustice? God calls us to walk humbly before Him, to stand for what is right, and to seek justice for the oppressed. It is through living humbly and justly that we truly reflect the heart of God to the world around us.
Discussion Questions with Commentary:
Micah 3:1-4: Who are the "rulers" and "judges" mentioned here?
Discuss how "rulers" can encompass political leaders, religious figures, and anyone with authority. Emphasize that true leadership involves serving others, not exploiting them.
Micah 3:5-8: What are the consequences of the leaders' actions?
Focus on the imagery of darkness and spiritual blindness. Explain how corruption leads to a distorted view of reality and a separation from God.
Micah 1:1-2:13: What are some specific examples of the injustice and corruption described by Micah?
Discuss the social and political injustices mentioned (oppression, violence, disregard for the poor). Relate these to contemporary issues your community faces.
Micah 6:8: What does God require of us?
Highlight the emphasis on justice, mercy, and walking humbly with God. Discuss how these principles apply to our personal lives and our interactions with others.
Influence on Life Today:
How can we, as individuals, combat corruption and injustice in our society? (e.g., voting responsibly, supporting just causes, speaking out against wrongdoing)
How can we ensure our own lives are free from corruption and that we treat others with justice and mercy?
How can we hold our leaders accountable and encourage them to act with integrity?
Take-Home Thought:
God is deeply concerned with justice and the well-being of the oppressed.
True humility involves recognizing our own limitations and seeking to serve others.
Our actions have consequences, both for ourselves and for the world around us.
We are called to be agents of change, working towards a more just and equitable society.
Session 3: "See the Vision: A Future of Peace"- Micah 4:1–5:15
Read: Micah 4:1–5:15
Focus: The promise of the coming Messiah and the establishment of God’s kingdom.
Overview:
Micah 4:1-5:15 paints a beautiful picture of a future time of peace and restoration. The prophet Micah tells us about a day when people from all nations will come to worship God in Jerusalem. He says, "Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the temple of the God of Jacob. He will teach us his ways, so that we may walk in his paths."
In this future time, God will bring justice and settle disputes between nations. Micah uses a powerful image to show how peaceful it will be. He says people will "beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks". This means they will turn their weapons into farming tools. No one will be afraid, and everyone will have their own place to live in peace.
Micah also talks about a special leader who will come. This leader will take care of God's people like a shepherd cares for sheep. He will bring security and be known all over the world. As Bible teacher John Piper reminds us, "What would the world be like—the home, the church, the school, the public square—if words were used the way Jesus used them?" This future leader will use words of peace and bring God's love to all people.
Lead-in Question:
"What does true peace look like to you? How can we experience lasting peace in our own lives and in the world around us?"
Think about This:
In Micah 4:1–5:15, the prophet shares a powerful vision of a future where God's peace reigns supreme, a future of hope, restoration, and divine intervention. The imagery speaks of a time when nations will come to Jerusalem to learn from the Lord, and there will be no more war. The world will experience a perfect peace, a contrast to the chaos and conflict often seen in today's world. Micah’s vision points not only to the restoration of Israel but also to the coming of a Messiah who will establish lasting peace and justice.
For Christians today, these prophecies carry deep significance. While the fulfillment of this vision awaits the second coming of Christ, believers can apply the truth of this passage in their lives today. As the church, we are called to be a reflection of God’s kingdom, striving to live out His peace in a broken world. This doesn’t mean ignoring the struggles around us but rather living as ambassadors of Christ’s peace, striving to bring His healing and restoration to our relationships, communities, and world.
As the famous preacher Charles Spurgeon once said, "The gospel is the most peaceful thing in the world. It is not only the proclamation of peace but the means of peace." This truth challenges Christians to actively pursue peace, both with God and with one another, as we eagerly await the fulfillment of God's promises. We should be reminded that, while conflict may continue in the world, we are called to seek reconciliation and to walk in the hope that the day will come when "they will beat their swords into plowshares," as Micah prophesied (Micah 4:3).
Historians and teachers like John Calvin also point to the significance of the Messiah in Micah’s vision. Calvin wrote, “Micah sets forth the coming of Christ as the foundation of all true peace.” This reminds us that peace is not just an absence of conflict but the presence of God’s justice and righteousness. As we reflect on Micah's words, we are invited to align our lives with the peace that Christ offers now, and live in hopeful anticipation of the complete peace He will one day bring to all creation.
Discussion Questions:
Micah 4:1-3: What does it mean that "many nations shall come" and "beat their swords into plowshares"?
This powerful imagery describes a time of universal peace where conflict is replaced by cooperation. It emphasizes that God desires a world where people of all nations can live together harmoniously. Discuss how this vision might be seen in the world today – are there any examples of inter-cultural cooperation and peace-building efforts?
Micah 4:5-7: How does God's house become a "mountain that shall be established above the hills"?
This symbolizes the spiritual authority and influence of God's kingdom. Discuss how the church can play a role in promoting peace and justice in the community. How can we, as individuals, contribute to building a more just and equitable society?
Micah 5:2-5: What does the "ruler" who will "go forth from you" represent?
This is a messianic prophecy, pointing to the coming of Jesus Christ. Discuss the significance of Jesus's life, death, and resurrection in bringing about peace and reconciliation. How does Jesus's message of love and forgiveness challenge us to overcome our own prejudices and divisions?
Influence on Life Today:
How can we, as individuals, contribute to building a more peaceful and just world? Consider:
Acts of kindness and compassion: Small acts of service can make a big difference.
Advocating for peace and justice: Supporting organizations that work for peace and human rights.
Promoting understanding and reconciliation: Engaging in respectful dialogue with people of different backgrounds.
Forgiving those who have wronged us: Overcoming bitterness and resentment can bring inner peace.
Take-Home Thought:
God's vision of peace is not just a distant dream; it's a reality that we can work towards.
Our actions, however small, can contribute to building a more peaceful world.
Jesus Christ is the ultimate source of peace and reconciliation.
We are called to be peacemakers, reflecting God's love and compassion in all our interactions.
Session 4: "Act Justly: God’s Case Against His People"- Micah 6:1–16
Read: Micah 6:1–16
Focus: God’s requirements for justice, mercy, and humility, contrasted with Israel’s disobedience.
Overview:
The prophet Micah, who lived in the 8th century BC, delivered a powerful message from God to the people of Israel. In Micah 6:1-16, God challenges the Israelites, asking them, "What does the Lord require of you?" (Micah 6:8). Instead of expecting elaborate sacrifices and rituals, God emphasizes simple acts of justice and mercy: "To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God" (Micah 6:8). This message resonates deeply even today, reminding us that true worship goes beyond outward religious practices. As the theologian Reinhold Niebuhr once said, "The final test of a moral society is the kind of world it leaves to its children."
Micah 6:1-16 highlights the social injustices prevalent in Israel. The powerful exploited the weak, the rich oppressed the poor, and the courts were corrupted. God condemns this behavior, emphasizing that true worship involves caring for the vulnerable and seeking justice for the oppressed. This message aligns with the teachings of Jesus, who repeatedly emphasized the importance of loving one's neighbor and caring for the marginalized. As the historian Martin Luther King Jr. famously stated, "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere."
Micah's message continues to challenge us today. Are we truly acting justly in our own lives and in our communities? Do we stand up for the marginalized and work to create a more equitable society? This passage calls us to examine our own hearts and ask how we can better reflect God's love and justice in the world. As the Bible teacher Henri Nouwen wrote, "True spirituality is always expressed in a life of compassion and justice." By embracing Micah's message, we can strive to build a world where everyone has the opportunity to thrive and where God's love and justice reign supreme.
Lead-in Question:
How do you think God feels when His people ignore His teachings and act unjustly?
Think About This:
Micah 6:1–16 presents a powerful message from God to His people, offering a reminder of the importance of living justly. In this passage, God calls the people of Israel to account for their actions, highlighting their failure to live according to His ways. God, through the prophet Micah, lays out His case against them, showing how they have neglected justice, mercy, and humility. This is a key moment in the Old Testament where God’s heart for justice is made clear, not just for the people of Israel, but for all who seek to follow Him today.
The symbolism in Micah 6 can be powerful for Christians today. In this passage, God calls the people to "act justly, love mercy, and walk humbly with your God" (Micah 6:8). These commands are not just for ancient Israel but also resonate with us as Christians. They teach us how to live in right relationship with God and with others. “Act justly” challenges us to pursue fairness and righteousness in our dealings with others. It is not enough just to believe in God; we must live out His justice in a world full of inequality and suffering. “Love mercy” calls us to show compassion and kindness, reflecting God’s mercy toward us. And “walk humbly with your God” emphasizes the importance of walking in a way that acknowledges God’s sovereignty and our dependence on Him.
As Christians in this generation, we must be vigilant in living out these principles. The world around us often promotes self-centeredness and greed, but God calls us to a different standard—one marked by justice, mercy, and humility. Charles Spurgeon, a famous preacher, once said, "If you want to know whether your religion is true, look at your life. Are you walking in humility, justice, and mercy? Is your life a reflection of the character of Christ?" This calls us to examine our hearts and actions to ensure we are living as God desires.
In today’s world, it’s easy to be distracted by the noise of culture. But Micah 6:1–16 reminds us that God’s standards have not changed. Just as God called His people in ancient Israel to act justly, love mercy, and walk humbly, He still calls us today to do the same. By embodying these values, we become faithful witnesses of God’s kingdom, showing the world the transformative power of His justice, mercy, and love.
As we study this passage, we must ask ourselves: Are we truly living in a way that reflects the heart of God? Are we advocating for justice, showing mercy to those in need, and humbling ourselves before God? As we grow in our understanding of Micah 6, may it inspire us to live out God’s truth in our everyday lives.
Discussion Questions:
1. Why does God call on the mountains and hills as witnesses in His case against Israel? (verses 1-2)
God uses nature as witnesses because they have been present since creation and have seen His faithfulness to Israel throughout history. This emphasizes the seriousness of God's complaint and the long-standing nature of Israel's disobedience.
2. What examples does God give of His faithfulness to Israel? (verses 4-5)
God reminds Israel of how He freed them from slavery in Egypt, provided leaders like Moses, Aaron, and Miriam, and protected them from enemies like Balak and Balaam. These examples highlight God's consistent love and care for His people.
3. What does God truly require from His people according to verse 8?
God requires three things: to do justice, love mercy, and walk humbly with Him. This means treating others fairly, showing compassion, and maintaining a humble relationship with God. These requirements focus on character and actions rather than rituals or sacrifices.
Influence on Life Today:
Micah 6:8 provides a clear guideline for how we should live in today's society:
1. Do justice: Treat others fairly and stand up for what is right.
2. Love mercy: Show compassion and forgiveness to others, even when it's difficult.
3. Walk humbly with God: Maintain a close relationship with God, recognizing His authority in our lives.
These principles can guide our interactions with others, our involvement in our communities, and our personal relationship with God.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God values our character and actions more than our religious rituals.
2. Our treatment of others reflects our relationship with God.
3. God's requirements for us are simple but profound: justice, mercy, and humility.
4. God's faithfulness to us should inspire our faithfulness to Him and others.
Remember, living out these principles is not about earning God's favor, but about responding to His love and grace in our lives.
Session 5: "Trust the Shepherd: Hope in God’s Mercy"- Micah 7:1–20
Read: Micah 7:1–20
Focus: Micah’s lament, trust in God’s mercy, and the promise of forgiveness and restoration.
Overview:
The book of Micah was written by a prophet named Micah who lived during a time of great trouble in Israel. People were being mistreated, and many felt lost and hopeless. In Micah 7, the prophet talks about how bad things can get, but he also reminds everyone that God is always with them.
Micah describes how people have turned away from God and are now facing the consequences. He says that even the closest friends and family can betray you. It can feel like everyone is against you, and there's no one you can trust. Just like in the story of David, even those closest to us can sometimes disappoint.
But here's the good news! Micah reminds us that God is always faithful. Even when things seem darkest, God is still there. He compares God to a shepherd who gently guides and protects his sheep. Just like a shepherd searches for a lost sheep, God searches for us when we feel lost and alone.
This message of hope is incredibly important, especially for seniors. It reminds us that even in our later years, God is still with us. We may face challenges like declining health, loss of loved ones, and loneliness, but God promises to never leave us or forsake us. As the hymn writer Fanny Crosby beautifully put it, "My Jesus, I love Thee, I know Thou art mine." This verse reminds us that our love for God and His love for us is a sure and steadfast foundation, even in the midst of life's storms.
Lead-in Question:
In what ways do you find it difficult to trust God in the midst of life's challenges?
Think About This:
In Micah 7:1–20, we are shown a deep contrast between the brokenness of humanity and the unfailing mercy of God. Micah, who lived during a time of great moral and spiritual decline, expresses his despair at the condition of his people. However, in the midst of his lament, he points to the hope found in God’s mercy and His ultimate care for His people as the Shepherd.
Micah’s description of Israel’s corruption is vivid and painful. He describes a world where “the godly have been swept from the land” (Micah 7:2), and where even the most trusted leaders and judges are corrupt. Despite this bleak reality, Micah makes a shift in the final verses, calling the people to trust in the mercy of God, who will one day restore them. The symbolism of God as a Shepherd is central here. Like a shepherd who knows and protects his sheep, God will gather, heal, and guide His people, bringing them back into His fold, despite their failings.
For Christians today, this passage speaks powerfully to our current world. While we live in a time where there is much brokenness—whether in our families, churches, or broader society—Micah reminds us that the Shepherd still cares for His people. Charles Spurgeon, a renowned preacher, said, “Christ is the Shepherd of the sheep, and he will not leave them in the wilderness. He is there to lead them to still waters, to restore their souls.” This truth encourages us to look beyond the corruption of the world and trust that God, in His mercy, is working for our ultimate good.
Applying this truth means that even when we feel overwhelmed by the difficulties of life or the state of the world, we can trust that God’s mercy is greater than our failures or the failures around us. We are not left alone in the wilderness. A. W. Tozer, another influential Christian thinker, wrote, “The mercy of God is not a casual thing; it is a deep well from which we can draw throughout our whole lives.” Therefore, Christians today should live in confident hope, trusting the Shepherd to lead us with mercy and grace, knowing that He will restore and guide us as we walk through life's challenges.
This passage from Micah also calls us to repentance. God’s mercy does not mean we are free from the consequences of sin, but it offers the opportunity for restoration. Micah concludes with a beautiful reminder of God’s ultimate promise in verse 18: “Who is a God like you, who pardons sin and forgives the transgression of the remnant of his inheritance?” This call to trust in God’s mercy compels us to reflect on our own hearts and to seek God’s forgiveness, knowing that He is faithful and just to forgive.
In our Christian walk today, we are invited to look at the world through the lens of hope in God’s mercy, knowing that despite the challenges and injustices around us, the Shepherd is still in control, leading His people with love and grace.
Discussion Questions:
Micah 7:1-7:
This passage paints a bleak picture of societal decay. Notice the accusations against the leaders and the people. How do these societal problems mirror some of the challenges we face today?
Discussion: Have you ever felt like you were living in a world where justice and righteousness were absent? How does this affect your trust in God?
Micah 7:8-10:
This is a powerful declaration of hope. Why is it significant that Micah declares he will wait for the Lord? What does it mean to "wait for the Lord"?
Discussion: How do you "wait for the Lord" when you are facing difficult times? What are some practical ways to cultivate patience and trust in God's timing?
Micah 7:14-20:
This passage speaks of God's enduring love and his promise of restoration. What are the key characteristics of God's mercy as described in these verses?
Discussion: How does this passage challenge your understanding of God's forgiveness and your own need for it?
Influence on Life Today:
Micah 7:1-7: This passage serves as a warning against the dangers of societal and moral decline. It encourages us to be vigilant in our own lives and to speak out against injustice.
Micah 7:8-10: This passage teaches us the importance of patience and perseverance in our faith. It reminds us that God's timing is always perfect, even when we don't understand it.
Micah 7:14-20: This passage offers a profound message of hope and restoration. It assures us that God's love and mercy are always available, regardless of our failures or the sins of others.
Take-Home Thought:
Trust in God is not always easy, but it is always essential.
God's love and mercy are constant, even when we feel abandoned or forgotten.
Waiting on the Lord requires patience, but it always leads to a deeper understanding of His character and a greater experience of His peace.
We are called to be agents of hope and restoration in a broken world, reflecting God's love and mercy to those around us.
Nahum, Introduction
The book of Nahum vividly portrays God's judgment on the oppressive city of Nineveh. While the specific details of this judgment may seem distant to us today, the underlying message of God's concern for the oppressed and his eventual triumph over evil remains profoundly relevant. As the prophet himself declares, 'The Lord is good, a stronghold in the day of trouble; he knows those who take refuge in him' (Nahum 1:7). This message of God's protection and comfort in times of hardship continues to resonate with believers across generations."
While the Old Testament is a vital part of our faith, it's crucial to remember that it was written in a specific historical and cultural context. As F.F. Bruce, a renowned biblical scholar, reminds us, 'The Old Testament is not primarily a textbook of theology, but a record of the unfolding of God's redemptive purpose in history.' We shouldn't try to force every detail onto modern society. Instead, we should seek to understand the overarching themes of God's faithfulness, justice, and love for his people.
Session 6: "Witness the Wrath: God’s Justice Revealed"- Nahum 1:1–15
Read: Nahum 1:1–15
Focus: God’s sovereignty, power, and promise to bring justice against Nineveh while offering comfort to His people.
Overview:
Nahum's message is about God's justice against the city of Nineveh. This book shows us that God is both loving and just. He cares for His people, but He also punishes those who do evil. Nahum tells us that God will judge Nineveh for their cruelty. Even though they had once turned away from their sins when Jonah preached to them, they went back to their old ways. Nahum 1:3 says, "The Lord is slow to anger but great in power; the Lord will not leave the guilty unpunished." This reminds us that God is patient, but He will eventually punish those who keep doing wrong.
The message of Nahum brought hope to God's people. As Bible teacher Warren Wiersbe explains, "Nahum's name means 'comfort,' and his message was one of comfort to the people of Judah who had suffered because of Assyria's invasion".
Nahum 1:7 gives this comfort: "The Lord is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in him." This verse shows us that even when things are hard, we can trust God to take care of us. Nahum's prophecy came true when Nineveh fell to the Babylonians in 612 BC. This teaches us that God keeps His promises and that He is in control of history. As pastor John Piper says, "The point of the book of Nahum is that God rules over all the nations and that he will call them to account for their treatment of his people"
This message still matters today, reminding us that God sees what's happening in the world and will one day make everything right.
Lead-in Question:
When you hear about God's justice, do you find it comforting or frightening? Why?
Think About This:
The book of Nahum paints a vivid picture of God's power and justice. Nahum was written to remind God's people that He sees the sins of nations and individuals, and He does not ignore evil. In Nahum 1:3, we are told, "The Lord is slow to anger but great in power; the Lord will not leave the guilty unpunished." This verse helps us understand God's patience and justice. He gives people and nations time to repent, but if they persist in sin, His justice will prevail.
For Christians today, the prophecy of Nahum challenges us to view God's justice not as an ancient concept but as an ongoing truth. Charles Spurgeon, the great preacher, once said, "God’s justice is the dread of the guilty soul, but the delight of the faithful." For those who trust in the Lord, His justice is a comfort, knowing He will make things right. But for those who live in rebellion, His justice serves as a warning to turn back before it’s too late.
Nahum's message is not just about judgment but also about hope. Verse 7 says, "The Lord is good, a refuge in times of trouble. He cares for those who trust in Him." Even while speaking of the destruction of Nineveh, Nahum reminds believers that God is a safe place for those who rely on Him. Dr. Warren Wiersbe once explained, "God’s people can rest in His goodness, even when they see the storms of judgment around them." This means that while we see injustice and evil in our world, we can trust God to handle it in His time and His way.
For us today, Nahum teaches that we should live as witnesses to God’s justice and mercy. We can trust Him to deal with sin and evil while sharing the good news of Jesus with others. His judgment is real, but so is His grace, which He offers to all who repent and believe. By trusting in God's timing and sovereignty, we can face the future with hope and share His love with a broken world.
Discussion Questions:
1. In verses 2-3, Nahum describes God as both "jealous" and "slow to anger." How do these characteristics work together?
This pairing shows the complexity of God's character. His jealousy isn't like human jealousy - it's a righteous protection of His relationship with His people. His slowness to anger demonstrates His patience and desire for repentance, even while maintaining His justice.
2. Looking at verses 7-8, how does Nahum portray God's dual nature as both protector and judge?
Notice how God is described as a "refuge" for those who trust Him, while being an overwhelming "flood" to His enemies. This reveals God's perfect balance of mercy and justice.
3. What promise does God make to Judah in verses 12-15, and why was this especially meaningful?
The promise of deliverance from Assyria would have brought great hope to people who had lived under constant threat. This teaches us about God's faithfulness to His people even in seemingly hopeless situations.
Influence on Life Today:
- We live in a world where injustice often seems to go unchecked. Nahum reminds us that God is still sovereign and just, even when we don't see immediate resolution.
- The message challenges us to trust God's timing in dealing with wrongdoing while maintaining our own integrity.
- We should find comfort in knowing that God remains a refuge for His people today, just as He was for ancient Judah.
- This passage encourages us to view current events through the lens of God's ultimate authority and justice.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God's justice and mercy are not contradictory but complementary aspects of His perfect character.
2. Just as God delivered ancient Judah, He remains faithful to His promises today.
3. We can face uncertain times with confidence, knowing that God is both our refuge and the ultimate judge.
4. Our role is to trust in God's timing while standing firm in our faith, even when surrounded by opposition.
Session 7: "Break the Chains: The Fall of the Oppressor"- Nahum 2:1–13
Read: Nahum 2:1–13
Focus: The vivid prophecy of Nineveh’s destruction and God’s judgment against its tyranny.
Overview:
In Nahum 2:1-13, the prophet Nahum delivers a powerful message about the impending fall of Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian Empire. This passage serves as a warning to Nineveh, which had long been an oppressor of God's people. Nahum begins with a call to prepare for battle, stating that "an attacker advances against you, Nineveh" (Nahum 2:1). This attacker is none other than God Himself, who declares His intention to bring justice against the city that has caused suffering and destruction. As noted by David Guzik, "God will restore the splendor of Jacob like the splendor of Israel," highlighting that while Nineveh has oppressed others, God will restore His people (Guzik).
The imagery in this passage is vivid and dramatic. Nahum describes the chaos that will ensue as Nineveh falls, likening it to a pool whose waters are draining away (Nahum 2:8). The once-mighty city will be stripped of its glory and wealth, as God commands, "Plunder the silver! Plunder the gold!" (Nahum 2:9). The historian John Gill emphasizes that this destruction is not just a military defeat but a divine judgment against the cruelty and violence that Nineveh inflicted upon other nations. He states, "God's judgment on Nineveh serves as a reminder of His sovereignty over all nations" (Gill) .
Ultimately, Nahum's prophecy culminates in God's declaration: "I am against you" (Nahum 2:13). This phrase underscores the seriousness of God's judgment and His commitment to justice. As one preacher remarked, "When God is against you, there is no power that can save you" (Smith). The fall of Nineveh serves as a cautionary tale for all oppressors throughout history, reminding us that God's justice will prevail and that He cares deeply for those who are oppressed.
Lead-in Question:
Have you ever waited a long time to see justice done? How did you feel when it finally happened?
Think About This:
In Nahum 2:1-13, we encounter a powerful message about the fall of Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian Empire, which was notorious for its oppression and cruelty. The passage paints a vivid picture of Nineveh's destruction, symbolizing the ultimate judgment of God on those who have oppressed His people. For Christians today, the symbolism in this text can be applied in several meaningful ways, particularly in how we view injustice and God’s role as a righteous judge.
In this passage, the prophet Nahum warns of the city's coming downfall, which represents the end of the oppressor’s power. Nineveh, once a mighty empire, is depicted as helpless against the oncoming wrath of God. In verse 1, Nahum says, "The scatterer has come up against you. Man the ramparts; watch the road; dress for battle; collect all your strength." This is a call to recognize the inevitability of God's judgment. For Christians today, this reminds us that no matter how powerful or oppressive earthly systems may seem, they will ultimately fall under God's righteous judgment. The "chains" of sin and oppression that bind God's people are not permanent. As John Piper, a modern Christian preacher, puts it, "God’s judgment against evil is not something we should fear but something we should long for, for it brings true peace and justice."
The fall of Nineveh also teaches us about God's sovereignty and His ultimate victory over evil. As believers, we are called to trust in His timing and His justice. In a world where injustice often seems to reign, the story of Nineveh’s fall offers hope that God sees the suffering of His people and will act. As the historian and theologian Augustine once said, “The judgment of God is a call to the nations to repent and return to Him.” For Christians in this generation, this means that we should not be passive in the face of oppression but should actively work for justice while trusting that God's ultimate plan will prevail.
Furthermore, Nahum's message calls Christians to break the chains of sin in their own lives. While the passage is primarily about the fall of Nineveh, its deeper message speaks to the personal responsibility of every believer to live in obedience to God, refusing to be caught in the web of sin or oppression. As Paul writes in Romans 6:18, "You have been set free from sin and have become slaves to righteousness." Christians today are called to live out the freedom Christ has given us, both from the chains of sin and from the chains of worldly oppression.
Ultimately, the fall of Nineveh in Nahum 2:1-13 serves as a reminder that God is just, and He will punish those who oppress His people. For us, it is a call to live in hope, work for justice, and trust in God's righteous judgment.
Discussion Questions:
1. In verses 1-2, God promises to restore "the majesty of Jacob." What does this tell us about God's commitment to His people?
Even though Israel had faced harsh punishment, God hadn't forgotten them. This shows how God's discipline is always paired with the hope of restoration. Like a loving parent, He corrects but never abandons His children.
2. Look at verses 3-5. How does Nahum describe the military power coming against Nineveh?
The vivid description of shields, chariots, and rushing soldiers shows how God can use even mighty armies as tools for His purposes. This reminds us that all earthly power ultimately serves God's plans.
3. Verses 8-10 describe people fleeing from Nineveh. What happened to all their accumulated wealth and power?
Everything they hoarded became worthless in their moment of judgment. This powerfully illustrates Jesus's later teaching about not storing up treasures on earth where moth and rust destroy.
Influence on Life Today:
- When we see powerful people or organizations acting unjustly, we can remember that God remains in control.
- We shouldn't put our trust in earthly wealth or power, as these can vanish quickly.
- God's timing for justice may be different from what we expect, but He remains faithful.
- We should examine our own lives to ensure we're not becoming oppressive in our dealings with others.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God notices when His people are mistreated and will ultimately bring justice.
2. Earthly power and wealth are temporary, but God's kingdom is eternal.
3. Even in dark times, we can trust God's plan for restoration.
4. Our security comes from God, not from worldly strength or resources.
Session 8: "Stand in Awe: The Finality of God’s Judgment"- Nahum 3:1–19
Read: Nahum 3:1–19
Focus: The reasons for Nineveh’s downfall and the certainty of God’s righteous judgment.
Overview:
Nahum 3:1-19 tells us about God's judgment on the city of Nineveh. This part of the Bible shows how God deals with those who do wrong and hurt others. Nineveh was a powerful city, but it was full of violence and lies. God decided it was time to punish them for their evil ways.
The prophet Nahum describes how Nineveh will fall. He says there will be fighting, with horses and chariots, swords and spears. Many people will die because of their sins. God says, "I am against you" to Nineveh, which means big trouble is coming. No matter how strong Nineveh thinks it is, it can't stand up to God's power.
Pastor Ed Collins reminds us that God cares about how we live: "A person with good priorities makes good decisions as a true disciple of Jesus Christ. In fact, they seek to be pleasing to God under all circumstances". This teaches us that we should always try to do what's right in God's eyes. The story of Nineveh shows us that God sees everything we do, and there are consequences for our actions.
The lesson from Nahum 3 is clear: God's judgment is final and sure. We should respect God and live in a way that pleases Him. As one Bible teacher put it, "God's judgment will make us uncomfortable because it contradicts what we think we're deserving of". This reminds us to be humble and to always seek God's forgiveness and guidance in our lives.
Lead-in Question:
When you hear the phrase "God's judgment," what feelings or thoughts come to mind? Why do you think many people today are uncomfortable talking about this aspect of God's character?
Think About This:
Nahum’s prophetic message, written during a time of Assyrian dominance, reminds us of a powerful truth: God’s judgment is certain, righteous, and final. In Nahum 3:1–19, the prophet describes Nineveh’s downfall with vivid imagery and undeniable clarity. For Christians today, these verses challenge us to stand in awe of God’s sovereignty and holiness while recognizing the responsibility to align our lives with His justice.
Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian Empire, was a city of immense wealth and power, yet it was steeped in violence, lies, and idolatry. Nahum calls it a "city of blood" (Nahum 3:1), portraying its atrocities and injustices. Historian G. Campbell Morgan wrote, “God is never blind to evil, even when men seem to get away with it for a time. The wheels of His justice may move slowly, but they grind exceedingly fine.” This reminder is crucial for Christians in our generation. We live in a world where injustice and wickedness often appear to thrive, but Nahum assures us that God will bring every act to account in His perfect timing.
For believers today, the vivid descriptions of judgment in Nahum 3 are not just a warning for the wicked but a call to worship. The Apostle Peter echoed this truth when he wrote, “The Lord is not slow in keeping His promise… Instead He is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish” (2 Peter 3:9). God’s patience in delaying judgment is an opportunity for repentance, both for individuals and nations. As we marvel at the finality of His judgment, we are reminded of His grace and long-suffering nature toward sinners.
How, then, should we live? The ultimate application is humility and trust in God’s sovereign plan. Charles Spurgeon once observed, “God’s justice is not an arbitrary act, but the essential characteristic of His divine nature.” Christians are called to model this justice in our daily lives—standing against oppression, speaking truth with love, and extending mercy to those in need. The final verses of Nahum 3, which describe Nineveh as beyond recovery (Nahum 3:19), urge us to consider our priorities and allegiance. Are we building our lives on worldly strength and riches, or on the unshakable foundation of God’s truth?
In a generation longing for justice yet struggling with moral compromise, Nahum 3 is a clarion call to trust in the God who sees, judges, and redeems. His judgment is a reminder of His absolute authority and a call to live in awe of His holiness. May we, like the prophet, stand firm in declaring His righteousness while living lives that reflect His love and mercy.
Lead-in Question:
When you hear the phrase "God's judgment," what feelings or thoughts come to mind? Why do you think many people today are uncomfortable talking about this aspect of God's character?
Discussion Questions:
1. Nahum describes Nineveh as a "city of blood" (verse 1). What specific sins does God condemn in verses 1-4?
God particularly condemns violence, deceit, exploitation of others, and the practice of leading other nations into idolatry. Notice how these sins affect both individuals and entire communities.
2. Look at verses 5-7. How does God's response match Nineveh's actions?
There's a powerful connection between Nineveh's public sins and God's public judgment. This reveals God's perfect justice - He doesn't ignore evil, but responds in a way that demonstrates His holiness.
3. In verses 8-11, Nahum reminds Nineveh about what happened to the city of Thebes. Why do you think he includes this historical example?
Sometimes we need reminders from history to understand that God's warnings are serious. No nation or person is too powerful to face God's judgment.
Influence on Life Today:
- While we live in God's grace through Jesus Christ, we must remember that God still cares deeply about justice and righteousness in our world
- Like Nineveh, modern societies often prioritize power and wealth over caring for others
- We're called to both share God's love AND speak truth about sin and its consequences
- How can we balance sharing both God's judgment and His mercy in today's culture?
Take-Home Thought:
1. God's judgment isn't about revenge - it's about His perfect justice and holiness
2. No person or nation is beyond God's reach or authority
3. Even in messages of judgment, God's ultimate goal is redemption
4. As believers, we should "stand in awe" of both God's justice and His mercy
5. Jesus bore God's judgment for us on the cross, offering hope even in the face of sin