Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon
Introduction to the Study of Ecclesiastes
The book of Ecclesiastes, written by King Solomon, is one of the most thought-provoking and poetic books in the Old Testament. It explores life’s deepest questions: What is the purpose of our existence? How should we live in a world filled with vanity and uncertainty? Solomon reflects on his experiences and observations, reminding us that while life “under the sun” often seems meaningless, true purpose and fulfillment are found in reverence for God. For a modern Christian, Ecclesiastes offers timeless wisdom, urging us to focus on eternal values rather than fleeting earthly pursuits.
As we approach this study, it’s important to consider how Christians today should think about the Old Testament. The Old Testament is not just ancient history; it is part of God’s unfolding story of redemption. Paul writes in Romans 15:4, “For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through the endurance taught in the Scriptures and the encouragement they provide we might have hope.” The Old Testament, including Ecclesiastes, provides foundational truths that point us to Christ and teach us how to live in relationship with God and others.
Ecclesiastes reminds us that while life may seem temporary and unpredictable, God’s plan is eternal. Solomon declares, “He has made everything beautiful in its time. He has also set eternity in the human heart” (Eccl. 3:11). This verse reminds us that we are created with a longing for something greater than this world. Pastor Charles Spurgeon noted, “Nothing teaches us about the preciousness of the Creator as much as when we learn the emptiness of everything else.” By understanding the temporary nature of worldly pursuits, we are drawn closer to God, who alone provides lasting satisfaction.
For senior believers, Ecclesiastes offers both challenge and comfort. It challenges us to consider how we spend our time and resources, urging us to live with wisdom and intentionality. At the same time, it comforts us with the assurance that God’s purposes are unchanging and that our ultimate hope is found in Him. As we study this book together, let us approach it with open hearts and minds, ready to be reminded of life’s true meaning: to “fear God and keep His commandments, for this is the duty of all mankind” (Eccl. 12:13).
Session
1: "Life Under the Sun"- Ecclesiastes 1:1–2:26
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Lead-in Question:
What experiences in your own marriage have taught you the most about what real, lasting love looks like? (For those who aren't married, what have you observed about enduring love from others?)
Read: Ecclesiastes 1:1–2:26
Focus: Explore the themes of life's fleeting nature, toil, and the pursuit of meaning. Discuss Solomon's reflections on wisdom, pleasure, and work.
Overview:
Ecclesiastes, written by King Solomon, begins with a powerful statement: "Meaningless! Meaningless! Utterly meaningless! Everything is meaningless". This might sound sad, but Solomon is talking about life "under the sun," which means life without God. He tried everything to find happiness - wisdom, pleasure, and hard work - but nothing satisfied him.
Solomon says that without God, human efforts don't last. He writes, "I have seen all the works that my hands had wrought, and on the labor that I had labored to do: and, behold, all was vanity and vexation of spirit, and there was no profit under the sun". This means that even when we work hard, it doesn't always make us happy if we leave God out.
But there's hope! As Charles Spurgeon, a famous preacher, once said, "The cure for care is to cast all your care on God." Solomon ends his book by saying, "Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the duty of all mankind". This shows us that true meaning in life comes from knowing God and following His ways. Remember, as another wise person said, "You don't know that Jesus is all you need until He's all you have".
Think About This:
The phrase "life under the sun" captures Solomon’s observations about the fleeting nature of earthly pursuits. In Ecclesiastes 1:1–2:26, he reflects on the vanity of human endeavors apart from God. The Teacher, traditionally understood to be Solomon, writes with the perspective of someone who has explored the depths of knowledge, pleasure, wealth, and work, only to find them empty when disconnected from eternal purpose. For Christians today, this serves as both a warning and an invitation: a warning against placing ultimate hope in temporary things and an invitation to seek fulfillment in God alone.
Charles Spurgeon once said, "It is not how much we have, but how much we enjoy, that makes happiness." This sentiment aligns with Solomon’s conclusion in Ecclesiastes 2:24-25, where he acknowledges that true enjoyment comes from God. Christians should view life under the sun as a gift meant to be stewarded wisely, not idolized. While Solomon speaks of the weariness of human toil (Eccl. 1:3-8), Paul reminds us in Colossians 3:23-24 to "work heartily, as for the Lord and not for men," transforming even mundane tasks into acts of worship.
Historian Will Durant observed that “education has spread, but wisdom, it seems, was left behind.” This echoes Solomon’s struggle in Ecclesiastes 1:16-18, where the pursuit of wisdom alone led to grief. Christians today should recognize that worldly wisdom has limits, and true understanding begins with "the fear of the Lord" (Proverbs 9:10). By placing faith in God’s eternal plan, believers can rise above the frustrations of life under the sun.
Solomon’s reflections call us to live with eternity in mind. He warns of the futility of chasing pleasures and possessions (Eccl. 2:1-11) but concludes that enjoying life’s blessings with gratitude to God is the proper response. For seniors, this perspective offers a reminder that their legacy lies not in what they accumulate but in how they live out their faith. As theologian R.C. Sproul wrote, "Right now counts forever." This truth inspires us to live purposefully, trusting that our labor in the Lord is never in vain (1 Corinthians 15:58).
Christians should view "life under the sun" as a temporary season that gains meaning through a relationship with God. Solomon's words are not meant to discourage but to redirect our focus toward eternal treasures. Life may seem fleeting, but for those who follow Christ, it is a prelude to an everlasting joy that far surpasses anything "under the sun."
Lead-in Question:
Have you ever worked hard to achieve something, only to feel empty or unsatisfied once you got it? What did that experience teach you?
Discussion Questions:
1. The Teacher (Solomon) calls everything "meaningless" or "vanity." What examples does he give from nature and human life in chapter 1?
Notice how Solomon points to repeating cycles in nature - the sun rises and sets, winds blow in circles, rivers flow to the sea but never fill it. He's showing us that even nature itself seems to be caught in endless cycles that don't lead anywhere new. This sets up his larger point about finding true meaning beyond just what happens "under the sun."
2. In chapter 2, Solomon tries to find meaning through wisdom, pleasure, and great achievements. Why do you think these things left him feeling empty?
Solomon had everything we often chase after - knowledge, entertainment, wealth, success. Yet he found these couldn't satisfy his deepest longings. This suggests that God designed us to find our ultimate purpose in something beyond earthly pursuits.
3. What's the difference between how Solomon views work in 2:17-23 versus 2:24-26?
The key difference is perspective. Work done purely for earthly gain feels meaningless, but work received as a gift from God and done for His glory can bring joy and satisfaction.
Influence on Life Today:
This passage challenges our modern obsession with achievement, entertainment, and the pursuit of happiness through earthly means. When we chase satisfaction purely through things "under the sun" (earthly pursuits), we'll eventually find them empty. However, this doesn't mean we should reject life's pleasures or stop working hard. Rather, we're called to receive these as gifts from God and enjoy them in proper perspective - as blessings from Him rather than ultimate sources of meaning.
Take-Home Thought:
1. True meaning can't be found in endless cycles of earthly pursuits alone
2. God didn't design us to be satisfied by anything less than Himself
3. Life's pleasures and work become meaningful when received as gifts from God and enjoyed in proper relationship with Him
4. Even in moments of feeling life's emptiness, God is drawing us toward deeper truth about where real meaning is found
Session 2: "Time and Eternity"- Ecclesiastes 3:1–5:7
Read: Ecclesiastes 3:1–5:7
Focus on the famous poem about seasons (3:1-8) and reflect on God's sovereignty. Consider the futility of wealth and the value of revering God.
Overview:
Ecclesiastes 3 starts with the famous words, "For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven". This reminds us that God has a plan for all things in our lives, both good and bad. The writer, believed to be King Solomon, lists many different activities and says there's a right time for each one.
Solomon then talks about how God has put "eternity in our hearts". This means we feel there's something more than just our everyday lives. But he also says we can't fully understand God's big plan. As Charles Spurgeon, a famous preacher, once said, "God is too good to be unkind and He is too wise to be mistaken. And when we cannot trace His hand, we must trust His heart".
The writer encourages us to enjoy our work and the good things in life, calling them "the gift of God". He says we should do good and be happy, even though life can be hard sometimes. This reminds us of what Jesus said about not worrying about tomorrow. Solomon ends this part by saying that God will judge both the good and the bad, so we should respect Him. As one teacher put it, "There is a God-ordained time for everything, and we are called to trust in God's perfect timing".
Think About This:
In Ecclesiastes 3:1–5:7, Solomon reflects on the seasons of life and the relationship between time and eternity. He begins with the well-known passage, “For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven” (Eccl. 3:1). This poetic list reminds Christians that life is filled with changing seasons—times of joy and sorrow, work and rest, beginnings and endings. God has set these rhythms in motion, and they remind us that while our lives are temporary, God’s plan is eternal and perfect.
Matthew Henry wrote, “The world is full of changes, but every change is under the direction of the unchanging God.” Christians in this generation should find comfort in knowing that no matter how unpredictable life feels, God is sovereign over time. Solomon tells us in Ecclesiastes 3:11, “He has made everything beautiful in its time.” This doesn’t mean every moment feels beautiful, but it assures us that God weaves each season into His larger purpose, even when we don’t fully understand it.
As we live in the tension between time and eternity, Solomon reminds us of the importance of fearing God. In Ecclesiastes 5:1–7, he warns against careless words and actions, particularly in worship. "Let your words be few" (Eccl. 5:2) is a call to approach God with reverence, understanding that He is eternal and we are not. R.C. Sproul once said, “The holiness of God affects every aspect of our lives—economics, relationships, politics, and more. It demands our attention and reverence.” In this light, Christians are reminded to live humbly and faithfully, knowing their actions have eternal significance.
Solomon also emphasizes the futility of placing trust in wealth or human achievements (Eccl. 5:10). For Christians, this is a challenge to focus on what truly matters. Historian Arnold J. Toynbee observed, “Material success will never endure unless it is built upon a foundation of spiritual purpose.” This aligns with Jesus’ words in Matthew 6:20 to “store up treasures in heaven.” By seeking God first, Christians can live with eternal priorities, using their time and resources wisely.
the message of Ecclesiastes 3:1–5:7 calls Christians to trust God’s timing, worship Him with reverence, and live with eternity in mind. Life’s seasons may be uncertain, but God’s eternal purposes give them meaning. For senior believers, this passage is a reminder to treasure the moments God gives, to seek Him in every season, and to trust that their faithfulness in time will lead to joy in eternity.
Lead-in Question:
Think about the different seasons of your life - childhood, marriage, career, retirement. How have you seen God's timing work differently than your own plans?
Discussion Questions:
1. In chapter 3:1-8, Solomon lists many opposites in life (birth/death, planting/harvesting, etc.). Why do you think God puts both happy and hard times in our lives?
These verses show us that God has a purpose for every season. Just as a garden needs both sunshine and rain to grow, our spiritual lives need both joyful and challenging times to develop fully. Nothing catches God by surprise - He works through all seasons.
2. What does Solomon mean when he says God "has put eternity in their hearts" (3:11)?
Even though we live in time, we sense there's something more. Like a clock ticking inside us, we feel that this world isn't all there is. This "eternity in our hearts" is God's way of drawing us to look beyond our earthly existence to Him.
3. Why does Solomon emphasize respect and careful speech when approaching God in 5:1-7?
Coming to God's house to listen rather than rushing to speak shows wisdom. Our worship should be thoughtful and sincere, not hasty promises we don't intend to keep. God isn't impressed by many words, but by honest hearts.
Influence on Life Today:
In our fast-paced world where we want everything instantly, these passages remind us to trust God's timing. When we're going through hard times, we can remember they won't last forever. When we're blessed with good times, we should enjoy them as gifts from God. This understanding should help us be more patient with life's seasons and more careful in how we worship and speak to God.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God has a purpose for every season of our lives - both the easy and the hard times
2. Our sense that "there must be more to life" points us toward our eternal purpose in God
3. We can trust God's timing even when we don't understand it
4. True worship comes from a humble heart that listens more than it speaks
Session 3: "Wisdom in Life's Uncertainties"- Ecclesiastes 5:8–7:29
Read: Ecclesiastes 5:8–7:29
Focus: Discuss how to navigate wealth, adversity, and moral living with wisdom. Contrast worldly pursuits with the fear of God.
Overview:
In Ecclesiastes 5:8 to 7:29, King Solomon talks about how to live wisely even when life is hard to understand. He starts by telling us not to be surprised when we see unfairness in the world. He says, "If you see the oppression of the poor, and the violent perversion of justice and righteousness in a province, do not marvel at the matter". This means that even though bad things happen, we shouldn't let it upset us too much.
Solomon then talks about money. He warns that loving money too much can cause problems. He says it's better to enjoy what we have and be thankful for it. As Charles Spurgeon, a famous preacher, once said, "It is not how much we have, but how much we enjoy, that makes happiness". Solomon agrees, saying it's good to "eat and drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labor in which he toils under the sun".
Solomon shares some wisdom about life. He says that it's better to go to a funeral than a party, because it helps us think about what's really important. He also tells us to be patient and not quick to get angry. As one teacher explains, "There is no need for anxiety when we have an eternal perspective". Solomon ends by reminding us that God made people good, but we often choose to do wrong things. The most important thing, he says, is to respect God and follow His ways.
Think About This:
In Ecclesiastes 5:8–7:29, Solomon continues his reflections on life’s uncertainties and the pursuit of wisdom. He acknowledges the brokenness of the world, seen in injustice, greed, and the unpredictability of life. Yet, amidst this chaos, he calls us to pursue wisdom and fear God, who provides stability and meaning even when life feels uncertain. Christians today can draw strength from Solomon’s insights, finding direction in a world that often feels confusing and unstable.
Solomon warns against placing hope in wealth and earthly success. In Ecclesiastes 5:10, he writes, “Whoever loves money never has enough; whoever loves wealth is never satisfied.” This truth is timeless. In our generation, where materialism often defines success, Christians are called to find contentment in God rather than possessions. Preacher John Wesley wisely observed, “Earn all you can, save all you can, give all you can.” This perspective reminds us to steward our resources with gratitude and generosity, knowing that true satisfaction comes from God.
Throughout these chapters, Solomon emphasizes the limitations of human wisdom and the importance of trusting God’s sovereignty. In Ecclesiastes 7:14, he advises, “When times are good, be happy; but when times are bad, consider: God has made the one as well as the other.” This verse teaches us to embrace both the joys and trials of life, trusting that God has a purpose for every moment. Historian Philip Schaff reflected on this idea, saying, “God’s providence is the thread that runs through history, guiding even the darkest moments to His glory.” Christians today can live with hope, knowing that God is always in control, even when life feels unpredictable.
Solomon encourages us to pursue wisdom and righteousness while recognizing that perfection is impossible. In Ecclesiastes 7:20, he states, “Indeed, there is no one on earth who is righteous, no one who does what is right and never sins.” For Christians, this points to the need for God’s grace and the ultimate wisdom found in Jesus Christ. As theologian J.I. Packer said, “Wisdom is the power to see and the inclination to choose the best and highest goal, together with the surest means of attaining it.” Through Christ, we gain the wisdom to navigate life’s uncertainties and live in alignment with God’s eternal purposes.
Ecclesiastes 5:8–7:29 teaches Christians to approach life’s uncertainties with trust in God, contentment in His provision, and a pursuit of wisdom rooted in His Word. Though the world may seem unpredictable, Solomon reminds us that God’s wisdom and sovereignty remain constant, offering hope and direction for every generation.
Lead-in Question:
When you were younger, what did you think would make you happy? How has your understanding of true happiness changed as you've grown older and wiser?
Discussion Questions:
1. In chapter 5, Solomon talks about the problems of loving money. What examples does he give of how wealth can bring trouble instead of happiness?
Solomon shows how those who love money are never satisfied with it (5:10), how riches can be lost through bad luck (5:14), and how wealth can even rob us of peaceful sleep (5:12). He's teaching us that security and happiness can't be bought - they're gifts from God.
2. In chapter 7:1-4, Solomon says it's better to go to a funeral than a party. Why would he say this?
While this seems strange at first, funerals make us think about life's meaning and our own mortality. They often teach us more valuable lessons than celebrations do. Facing life's serious moments helps us grow in wisdom more than just seeking fun.
3. What does Solomon mean when he says "Do not be overly righteous" in 7:16-18?
He's warning against self-righteousness and trying to be "more holy than God." True wisdom means finding balance - not being wickedly foolish, but also not thinking we're better than others. It's about walking humbly with God.
Influence on Life Today:
These chapters speak directly to our modern worship of money and success. They remind us that chasing wealth or trying to control every aspect of life won't bring lasting happiness. Instead, true contentment comes from accepting God's gifts gratefully and living wisely in the face of life's uncertainties. When we see others achieving or having more, we can remember Solomon's warning that such things don't guarantee happiness.
Take-Home Thought:
1. True contentment comes from God, not from how much we own
2. Wisdom often comes through life's serious moments, not just its pleasures
3. We can't control everything in life, but we can trust God's guidance
4. Balance and humility are more important than trying to appear perfect
Session 4: "Living Well Amid Vanity"- Ecclesiastes 8:1–10:20
Read: Ecclesiastes 8:1–10:20
Focus: Examine Solomon's insights on leadership, folly, and the unpredictability of life. Reflect on the practical wisdom offered for daily living.
Overview:
In Ecclesiastes 8-10, King Solomon continues to share his wisdom about life. He starts by telling us that wisdom is valuable and can make our faces shine with understanding. Solomon advises us to obey those in authority, saying, "I say: Keep the king's command, because of God's oath to him". This reminds us to respect our leaders, even when it's hard.
Solomon then talks about how life can seem unfair. He sees that sometimes bad people are praised and good people suffer. He writes, "There is a vanity that takes place on earth, that there are righteous people to whom it happens according to the deeds of the wicked, and there are wicked people to whom it happens according to the deeds of the righteous". This might make us feel sad, but Solomon reminds us that God will judge everyone in the end.
Even though life can be confusing, Solomon encourages us to enjoy the good things God gives us. He says, "I commend joy, for man has no good thing under the sun but to eat and drink and be joyful". This doesn't mean we should be selfish, but that we should be thankful for what we have. As Philip Ryken, a Christian teacher, explains, "The Preacher of Ecclesiastes was a Preacher of Joy". Solomon ends by reminding us that true wisdom comes from fearing God and following His ways, even when we don't understand everything about life.
Think About This
In Ecclesiastes 8:1–10:20, Solomon addresses the tension between life’s apparent meaninglessness (“vanity”) and the call to live wisely and well. He observes that life often seems unfair—wicked people prosper while the righteous suffer (Eccl. 8:14). Yet, he encourages believers to seek wisdom, live righteously, and trust God’s sovereignty even when life’s outcomes are uncertain. Christians in this generation can learn to navigate life’s challenges with faith and wisdom, finding meaning in their relationship with God.
Solomon teaches that wisdom is essential for living well amid life’s unpredictability. In Ecclesiastes 8:1, he asks, “Who is like the wise? Who knows the explanation of things?” This reminds us that human wisdom has limits, but godly wisdom brings light and understanding. Theologian Charles Spurgeon said, “Wisdom is the right use of knowledge. To know is not to be wise. Many men know a great deal and are all the greater fools for it. But to know how to use knowledge is to have wisdom.” Christians are called to seek wisdom through God’s Word, applying it to their decisions and relationships.
Another key truth in these chapters is the importance of living joyfully and responsibly, despite the uncertainties of life. In Ecclesiastes 9:7, Solomon advises, “Go, eat your food with gladness, and drink your wine with a joyful heart, for God has already approved what you do.” This verse encourages us to embrace the simple joys of life as gifts from God. Preacher John Piper echoes this idea: “God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in Him.” For Christians, satisfaction comes not from material gain but from a life lived in fellowship with God.
Solomon also warns against foolishness and its consequences, contrasting it with the benefits of wisdom. In Ecclesiastes 10:2, he writes, “The heart of the wise inclines to the right, but the heart of the fool to the left.” This is a reminder that our choices reveal our character and shape our future. Historian Will Durant noted, “A great civilization is not conquered from without until it has destroyed itself within.” Similarly, a life without wisdom and discipline leads to destruction. Christians are called to live with integrity, making decisions that reflect God’s truth.
Ecclesiastes 8:1–10:20 calls Christians to live wisely and joyfully in a world marked by vanity and unpredictability. Solomon’s reflections encourage us to trust God’s plan, seek His wisdom, and find joy in His blessings. By applying these truths, Christians in every generation can navigate life’s uncertainties and honor God in all they do.
Lead-in Question:
Have you ever noticed how life sometimes seems unfair, with good people suffering while others prosper? How do you keep your faith strong during these times?
Discussion Questions:
1. In chapter 8:2-9, Solomon talks about obeying authority. Why does he say it's wise to respect leaders even when we disagree with them?
Solomon recognizes that God establishes authority for order in society. While leaders aren't perfect, respecting authority usually brings peace and prevents trouble. However, this doesn't mean blind obedience - we must always put God's authority first.
2. In 9:10, Solomon says to work hard at whatever we do. How does this fit with his earlier messages about life being "meaningless"?
Even though earthly success isn't our ultimate purpose, God still wants us to do our best in our daily tasks. Working with excellence honors God and serves others, giving meaning to our everyday activities when done for Him.
3. Looking at 10:1-3, what does Solomon teach about how small mistakes can have big consequences?
Just as a dead fly can spoil perfume, small choices in life can have major impacts. This teaches us to be careful with our words and actions, as wisdom shows itself in even the little things we do each day.
Influence on Life Today:
These chapters help us navigate a world that often seems chaotic and unfair. They remind us to be wise in how we relate to authority, to work with excellence even when we don't see immediate rewards, and to be careful in our daily choices. This wisdom is especially relevant in today's divided society, where it's tempting to be disrespectful to leaders we disagree with or to cut corners when work seems meaningless.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God calls us to respect authority while keeping Him as our highest authority
2. Working with excellence honors God, regardless of earthly recognition
3. Small choices and habits shape our character and influence our life's direction
4. True wisdom shows itself in how we handle everyday situations
Session 5: "The Conclusion of the Matter"- Ecclesiastes 11:1–12:14
Read: Ecclesiastes 11:1–12:14
Focus: Consider the call to remember God in youth and the ultimate conclusion to "fear God and keep His commandments."
Overview:
In the final chapters of Ecclesiastes, King Solomon shares some important life lessons. He starts by telling us to be generous and take chances, saying, "Cast your bread upon the waters, for after many days you will find it again". This means we should do good things for others, even if we don't see results right away. Solomon also says we should work hard and not wait for perfect conditions, because we can't predict the future.
Solomon then talks about enjoying life while we're young, but he reminds us that God will judge everything we do. He uses beautiful word pictures to describe getting old, like saying our eyes will grow dim and our teeth will be few. He wants us to remember God when we're young, before these things happen.
Solomon gives us the main point of his whole book. He says, "Fear God and keep his commandments, for this is the whole duty of man". This means we should respect God and follow His ways. As one teacher explains, "The entire responsibility of humanity can be condensed to two simple issues: our attitudes (fear God) and actions (keep His commandments)". Solomon ends by reminding us that God will judge everything we do, even things we think are secret. This teaches us to live our lives carefully and wisely, always thinking about what God wants.
Think About This:
In Ecclesiastes 11:1–12:14, Solomon brings his reflections to a powerful conclusion, urging his readers to live with purpose, joy, and reverence for God. He challenges us to act wisely in the present while keeping eternity in mind. For Christians in this generation, these chapters serve as a call to live faithfully amid life’s uncertainties, to enjoy God’s blessings, and to honor Him with our lives.
In Ecclesiastes 11:1–6, Solomon encourages us to take bold and faithful actions, even when the outcomes are uncertain. “Cast your bread upon the waters, for you will find it after many days” (Eccl. 11:1) symbolizes trusting God as we invest our time, resources, and efforts in ways that may not yield immediate results. Pastor Charles Spurgeon wrote, “Faith, mighty faith, the promise sees and looks to God alone.” This reminds us that stepping out in faith, even when the future is unclear, is an act of trust in God’s provision and plan.
As Solomon reflects on aging and the brevity of life in Ecclesiastes 12:1–7, he implores us to “remember your Creator in the days of your youth.” This symbolism reminds Christians of the importance of prioritizing their relationship with God before the difficulties of old age set in. Senior believers can take encouragement in knowing that every season of life has purpose and value when lived in service to God. Historian Philip Schaff observed, “Life is the seedtime of eternity.” This perspective helps us see that how we live today prepares us for eternity with God.
Solomon’s final words, found in Ecclesiastes 12:13–14, deliver the heart of his message: “Fear God and keep His commandments, for this is the duty of all mankind.” The call to “fear God” does not mean to live in terror but to have reverence, awe, and trust in Him as the Creator and Judge. Pastor J.I. Packer once said, “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom because it puts us in our proper place before the Creator.” Christians today can apply this truth by seeking to align their lives with God’s will, trusting that He will bring every action to light.
Ecclesiastes 11:1–12:14 reminds Christians to live wisely, act boldly in faith, and prioritize their relationship with God. Solomon’s reflections teach us that while life is fleeting, it is also meaningful when lived in the fear of the Lord. For senior believers, this is a message of hope and encouragement: their faithfulness in this life carries eternal significance, and the God who created them will guide them into His eternal joy.
Lead-in Question:
As you look back on your life's journey, what advice would you most want to share with younger generations about finding true meaning in life?
Discussion Questions:
1. In 11:1-6, Solomon talks about taking wise risks and not waiting for perfect conditions. What does he mean by "Cast your bread upon the waters"?
This is about being generous and taking faithful action even when we're uncertain of the outcome. Just as a farmer must plant seeds without knowing which will grow, we're called to live generously and trust God with the results.
2. Why does Solomon emphasize remembering our Creator "in the days of our youth" (12:1)? What's the significance of his poetic description of aging in 12:2-7?
The beautiful poetry describes aging - dimming eyes, trembling hands, gray hair - reminding us that time is precious. Solomon isn't saying old age is bad, but that we shouldn't wait until life's sunset to turn to God. His description would be especially meaningful to seniors who recognize these changes in their own lives.
3. What makes "Fear God and keep his commandments" (12:13-14) the perfect conclusion to all Solomon's searching?
After exploring every possible source of meaning "under the sun," Solomon concludes that true purpose is found in our relationship with God. This isn't a fearful cowering, but a reverent recognition that God is the source of all meaning.
Influence on Life Today:
In our modern world that chases youth, success, and endless distractions, these chapters remind us to focus on what truly matters. They encourage us to be generous while we can, to serve God in every season of life, and to find peace in knowing that God will ultimately judge all things fairly. This helps us live with purpose whether we're active in career, retired, or facing health challenges.
Take-Home Thought:
1. Live generously and take faithful action, trusting God with the results
2. Every season of life has value and purpose in God's plan
3. It's never too early or too late to deepen our relationship with God
4. True meaning in life comes through knowing and honoring God
Introduction to the Study of Song of Solomon
The Song of Solomon (also known as Song of Songs) is a unique and poetic book in the Old Testament. It celebrates the beauty of love, intimacy, and devotion through the relationship between a bride and her groom. On the surface, it is a love story, rich in symbolism and emotion. Yet, it also holds profound spiritual meaning, often interpreted as a picture of God’s covenant love for His people or Christ’s love for His Church. For Christians today, the Song of Solomon is both a celebration of God’s design for human love and a reminder of His enduring love for us.
It is essential to recognize that the Old Testament is not just a collection of ancient writings but an integral part of God’s Word. Paul reminds us in 2 Timothy 3:16, “All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting, and training in righteousness.” The Song of Solomon fits into this truth by teaching us about love that reflects God’s holiness, whether in marriage or our relationship with Him. Pastor Charles Spurgeon once said, “The Song of Songs is the holy of holies of the Bible. Christ is the sum and substance of it.” Through this book, we see God’s love for us mirrored in the joy and commitment of human love.
For senior believers, the Song of Solomon offers wisdom about relationships and the enduring beauty of love. It reminds us that love is not merely a fleeting emotion but a lifelong commitment rooted in God’s design. This love, whether between spouses or in our relationship with God, requires faithfulness and mutual delight. Historian Philip Schaff observed, “Human love, when pure, mirrors the divine love that is eternal and unchanging.” In a world that often distorts love, this book challenges us to return to God’s standard of love that is selfless, sacrificial, and eternal.
As we study this book together, let us embrace its themes of devotion and commitment, seeing them as a reflection of God’s love for His people. Whether applied to marriage, family, or our walk with Christ, the Song of Solomon calls us to live in the beauty of love that honors God and blesses others. This study will remind us that love is a gift from God, to be cherished and expressed in ways that glorify Him. As Solomon writes in Song of Solomon 2:4, “His banner over me is love,” we are called to rest in and reflect the love of our Creator.
Session 6: "The Beauty of Love"- Song of Solomon 1:1–5:1
Read: Song of Solomon 1:1–5:1
Focus: Explore the poetic expressions of love and intimacy, reflecting on their significance in relationships and as a metaphor for God's love.
Overview:
The Song of Solomon is a beautiful love poem that celebrates the love between a husband and wife. It starts with the bride expressing her deep love for Solomon, saying, "May he kiss me with the kisses of his mouth! For your love is better than wine". This shows how much she cares for him and how special their love is.
The poem describes the couple's courtship and wedding. They praise each other's beauty and express their love in sweet words. For example, Solomon tells his bride, "You are altogether beautiful, my love; there is no flaw in you". This reminds us that true love sees the best in the other person. As one teacher explains, "The marriage profiled in Song of Solomon is a model of care, commitment, and delight".
The Song of Solomon teaches us important lessons about love and marriage. It shows that physical attraction is good, but true love goes deeper than just looks. The bride says, "Place me like a seal over your heart, like a seal on your arm; for love is as strong as death". This means that real love is strong and lasting. The book also reminds us to be patient in love, saying, "Do not arouse or awaken love until it so desires". This teaches us that it's important to wait for the right time and person before getting into a serious relationship.
Think About This:
Song of Solomon 1:1–5:1 is a poetic celebration of love, portraying the deep connection between a bride and her groom. While it describes the beauty of marital love, it also symbolizes the covenant relationship between God and His people. For Christians, this passage invites us to reflect on the nature of love—both human and divine—and to see it as a gift from God that should be cherished and nurtured.
The Song’s rich imagery, such as the bride’s description of her beloved as “like an apple tree among the trees of the forest” (Song 2:3), paints a picture of love that is both tender and sustaining. This earthly love points to a higher reality: the deep and abiding love of Christ for His Church. Pastor Charles Spurgeon said, “The Song of Songs is a golden canticle, fitting for the lips of angels and saints.” It reminds Christians in every generation to treasure the love God has shown us and to reflect that love in our relationships.
In Song of Solomon 2:16, the bride declares, “My beloved is mine, and I am his.” This mutual belonging highlights the covenant nature of love, mirroring the commitment God makes to His people. For married Christians, this serves as a reminder to prioritize faithfulness, intimacy, and mutual respect within their relationships. For all believers, it points to the security found in Christ’s unchanging love. Historian Philip Schaff observed, “Human love, when pure, is a faint reflection of the divine love, which is eternal and infinite.”
The poetry also calls Christians to celebrate the beauty of love as a God-given gift. Solomon describes the bride as “altogether beautiful” (Song 4:7), emphasizing the value of seeing others through a lens of honor and delight. In a world that often distorts love, this passage challenges us to uphold God’s design for relationships. Theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer wrote, “God is the origin of love. The love of God enables us to love each other in a pure and selfless way.” This truth encourages Christians to cultivate love rooted in God’s example.
Song of Solomon 1:1–5:1 teaches us that love is both a gift and a reflection of God’s character. Whether applied to marriage, friendships, or the Church’s relationship with Christ, it reminds Christians to cherish and nurture love with faithfulness and joy. For senior believers, this passage is a beautiful reminder of the enduring value of love in all its forms, pointing us to the ultimate love we experience in Christ.
Lead-in Question:
When you think about how love and marriage are shown in movies and TV today compared to God's design in the Bible, what important differences do you notice?
Discussion Questions:
1. In chapter 1, the woman expresses concern about her dark skin from working in the vineyards. What does this teach us about true beauty versus surface appearances?
The bride is worried about her appearance, but her beloved sees her beauty. This reminds us that real love sees beyond outward appearance to the heart, just as God does. True beauty includes character, work ethic, and inner qualities.
2. Look at how the couple speaks to each other throughout these chapters. What do their words tell us about respect and admiration in marriage?
They use poetic language to praise each other's qualities. The man doesn't just notice her physical beauty - he admires her character. The woman isn't shy about expressing her love, but does so with dignity. Their words show deep respect and genuine appreciation.
3. What's significant about the repeated phrase "Do not awaken love until it pleases" (2:7, 3:5)?
This shows God's wisdom about timing in relationships. Love and physical attraction are powerful forces that should be enjoyed within the right time and context - marriage. This teaches patience and self-control.
Influence on Life Today:
In our culture where relationships are often casual and physical attraction is overemphasized, Song of Solomon shows us a better way. It teaches us that true love involves mutual respect, patience, and commitment. This can help us guide younger generations toward healthier views of relationships and help us appreciate the beauty of lasting, committed love in marriage.
Take-Home Thought:
1. God created love and marriage as beautiful gifts to be treasured
2. True beauty goes far deeper than outward appearance
3. Healthy relationships are built on mutual respect and admiration
4. Love and physical attraction are good but need proper timing and context
Session 7: "A Love That Endures"- Song of Solomon 5:2–8:14
Read: Song of Solomon 5:2–8:14
Overview:
The last part of the Song of Solomon shows us that true love can face challenges but still stay strong. It starts with the bride having a dream where she doesn't open the door for her beloved right away. When she finally does, he's gone. This teaches us that we shouldn't take our loved ones for granted.
The bride then goes looking for her beloved, describing him to others. She says beautiful things about him, like "His mouth is sweetness itself; he is altogether lovely". This reminds us of how we should appreciate our spouse. As one teacher explains, "The marriage profiled in Song of Solomon is a model of care, commitment, and delight".
The book ends with powerful words about love. It says, "Love is as strong as death, its jealousy unyielding as the grave. It burns like blazing fire, like a mighty flame". This means that real love is very strong and can last through hard times. The Song of Solomon teaches us that marriage is special and should be treasured. As Charles Spurgeon once said, "The Song of Solomon is a golden casket, of which love is the key". This book shows us how beautiful love can be when we follow God's plan for marriage.
Think About This:
In Song of Solomon 5:2–8:14, the focus shifts to the enduring nature of love, expressed through trials, reconciliation, and commitment. This section portrays the challenges and triumphs of love between the bride and groom, symbolizing not only marital love but also God’s steadfast love for His people. Christians in this generation can draw lessons about love’s enduring nature, both in human relationships and in their relationship with Christ.
In Song of Solomon 5:6, the bride experiences separation from her beloved, a poignant reminder that even the strongest relationships face challenges. Yet, her longing to be reunited shows the power of love to overcome obstacles. For Christians, this reflects the importance of persistence and forgiveness in relationships. Pastor Charles Spurgeon once said, “True love can endure the worst of times, for it is founded on the best of promises.” This applies to marriages, friendships, and our covenant with God, where faithfulness is key to enduring love.
The description of love in Song of Solomon 8:6–7 is one of the most profound in the Bible: “Place me like a seal over your heart... Many waters cannot quench love; rivers cannot sweep it away.” This poetic imagery symbolizes love’s unyielding strength and eternal nature. For Christians, it points to God’s unshakable love for His people, fulfilled in Christ. Historian Philip Schaff observed, “The love of God is the source and pattern of all human love; it is unquenchable because it is divine.” This calls believers to model their love on God’s enduring and sacrificial love.
The bride and groom’s love in this passage also highlights mutual respect, admiration, and delight in one another. Song of Solomon 7:10 says, “I belong to my beloved, and his desire is for me.” This mutual belonging teaches Christians about the importance of prioritizing love in their relationships, especially in marriage. It also reflects Christ’s love for the Church, as described in Ephesians 5:25, where husbands are called to love their wives “just as Christ loved the Church and gave Himself up for her.”
Song of Solomon 5:2–8:14 reminds Christians of the enduring power of love, whether in marriage, friendships, or their relationship with God. It encourages believers to pursue love that is faithful, forgiving, and reflective of God’s unchanging love. For senior believers, this passage serves as a beautiful affirmation of love’s value throughout life, reminding them that love rooted in God’s truth will endure for eternity.
Lead-in Question:
What experiences in your own marriage have taught you the most about what real, lasting love looks like? (For those who aren't married, what have you observed about enduring love from others?)
Discussion Questions:
1. In chapter 5, the bride initially hesitates to open the door for her beloved. What does this situation teach us about taking each other for granted in marriage?
Even in good marriages, we can become comfortable and less attentive. This passage shows how important it is to keep pursuing each other and not let convenience replace commitment. Her regret at her delay shows how small choices can affect our relationships.
2. Look at 7:10-12. What does their desire to go to the countryside together tell us about keeping love fresh and active?
Even in a mature relationship, they still plan special times together. This shows the importance of continuing to "date" your spouse and make time for each other, no matter how long you've been married.
3. What's the meaning of "Love is as strong as death" in 8:6-7? Why can't love be bought?
This powerful statement shows that true love, like death, is an unstoppable force. No amount of money can buy real love because it's about commitment, not convenience. Waters can't quench it because it's stronger than life's troubles.
Influence on Life Today:
In our "throw-away" society where relationships are often seen as disposable, these chapters remind us that real love endures through difficulties. They teach us to keep working at our marriages, to continue showing affection and appreciation, and to view love as a commitment rather than just a feeling. This can help us be examples to younger generations of what lasting love looks like.
Take-Home Thought:
1. Love requires continuous effort and attention to stay strong
2. True love grows stronger through life's challenges rather than being destroyed by them
3. Making time for each other remains important no matter how long you've been together
4. God's design for marriage includes both commitment and romance throughout life
Both Ecclesiastes and Song of Solomon explore profound aspects of the human experience, with Ecclesiastes examining life's ultimate meaning through the lens of wisdom literature and "vanity," while Song of Solomon celebrates the beauty and intensity of romantic love through poetic expression. Though seemingly different in tone and subject matter, these books complement each other by presenting a fuller picture of human existence: Ecclesiastes strips away superficial pursuits to find meaning in God, while Song of Solomon affirms the divine gift of human love and intimacy. As theologian Matthew Henry observed, "In Ecclesiastes, we are taught that without God all is vanity, but in the Song of Solomon we learn that in God's love we find that which satisfies the soul." This study encourages readers to delve beyond surface-level interpretations and grapple with the profound truths hidden within these contrasting texts.
Introduction to the Study of Ecclesiastes
Session 1: "Life Under the Sun"- Ecclesiastes 1:1–2:26
Session 2: "Time and Eternity"- Ecclesiastes 3:1–5:7
Session 3: "Wisdom in Life's Uncertainties"- Ecclesiastes 5:8–7:29
Session 4: "Living Well Amid Vanity"- Ecclesiastes 8:1–10:20
Session 5: "The Conclusion of the Matter"- Ecclesiastes 11:1–12:14
Introduction to the Study of Song of Solomon
Session 6: "The Beauty of Love"- Song of Solomon 1:1–5:1
Session 7: "A Love That Endures"- Song of Solomon 5:2–8:14
Introduction
to the Study of Ecclesiastes
The book of Ecclesiastes, written by King Solomon, is one of the most thought-provoking and poetic books in the Old Testament. It explores life’s deepest questions: What is the purpose of our existence? How should we live in a world filled with vanity and uncertainty? Solomon reflects on his experiences and observations, reminding us that while life “under the sun” often seems meaningless, true purpose and fulfillment are found in reverence for God. For a modern Christian, Ecclesiastes offers timeless wisdom, urging us to focus on eternal values rather than fleeting earthly pursuits.
As we approach this study, it’s important to consider how Christians today should think about the Old Testament. The Old Testament is not just ancient history; it is part of God’s unfolding story of redemption. Paul writes in Romans 15:4, “For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us, so that through the endurance taught in the Scriptures and the encouragement they provide we might have hope.” The Old Testament, including Ecclesiastes, provides foundational truths that point us to Christ and teach us how to live in relationship with God and others.
Ecclesiastes reminds us that while life may seem temporary and unpredictable, God’s plan is eternal. Solomon declares, “He has made everything beautiful in its time. He has also set eternity in the human heart” (Eccl. 3:11). This verse reminds us that we are created with a longing for something greater than this world. Pastor Charles Spurgeon noted, “Nothing teaches us about the preciousness of the Creator as much as when we learn the emptiness of everything else.” By understanding the temporary nature of worldly pursuits, we are drawn closer to God, who alone provides lasting satisfaction.
For senior believers, Ecclesiastes offers both challenge and comfort. It challenges us to consider how we spend our time and resources, urging us to live with wisdom and intentionality. At the same time, it comforts us with the assurance that God’s purposes are unchanging and that our ultimate hope is found in Him. As we study this book together, let us approach it with open hearts and minds, ready to be reminded of life’s true meaning: to “fear God and keep His commandments, for this is the duty of all mankind” (Eccl. 12:13).
Introduction to the Study of Song of Solomon
The Song of Solomon (also known as Song of Songs) is a unique and poetic book in the Old Testament. It celebrates the beauty of love, intimacy, and devotion through the relationship between a bride and her groom. On the surface, it is a love story, rich in symbolism and emotion. Yet, it also holds profound spiritual meaning, often interpreted as a picture of God’s covenant love for His people or Christ’s love for His Church. For Christians today, the Song of Solomon is both a celebration of God’s design for human love and a reminder of His enduring love for us.
It is essential to recognize that the Old Testament is not just a collection of ancient writings but an integral part of God’s Word. Paul reminds us in 2 Timothy 3:16, “All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting, and training in righteousness.” The Song of Solomon fits into this truth by teaching us about love that reflects God’s holiness, whether in marriage or our relationship with Him. Pastor Charles Spurgeon once said, “The Song of Songs is the holy of holies of the Bible. Christ is the sum and substance of it.” Through this book, we see God’s love for us mirrored in the joy and commitment of human love.
For senior believers, the Song of Solomon offers wisdom about relationships and the enduring beauty of love. It reminds us that love is not merely a fleeting emotion but a lifelong commitment rooted in God’s design. This love, whether between spouses or in our relationship with God, requires faithfulness and mutual delight. Historian Philip Schaff observed, “Human love, when pure, mirrors the divine love that is eternal and unchanging.” In a world that often distorts love, this book challenges us to return to God’s standard of love that is selfless, sacrificial, and eternal.
As
we study this book together, let us embrace its themes of devotion
and commitment, seeing them as a reflection of God’s love for His
people. Whether applied to marriage, family, or our walk with Christ,
the Song
of Solomon
calls us to live in the beauty of love that honors God and blesses
others. This study will remind us that love is a gift from God, to be
cherished and expressed in ways that glorify Him. As Solomon writes
in Song of Solomon 2:4, “His banner over me is love,” we are
called to rest in and reflect the love of our Creator.