About Angels - What the Bible Says
Session 1:
The Nature and Appearance of Angels
— Printable Download
Angels are mentioned over 300 times in Scripture, yet many people have misconceptions about what the Bible actually teaches about them. Today we'll discover what God's Word reveals about the nature and appearance of these heavenly beings.
Key Question to Consider: What do we really know about angels from Scripture versus popular culture?
Main Study
Part 1: What Are Angels? - Their Nature
Read Hebrews 1:14 "Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?"
Discussion Points:
Angels are spirits - they don't have physical bodies like humans
They are created beings (Colossians 1:16)
They are servants of God with specific purposes
They minister to believers
Read Psalm 103:20-21 "Praise the Lord, you his angels, you mighty ones who do his bidding, who obey his word. Praise the Lord, all his heavenly hosts, you his servants who do his will."
Key Characteristics:
Mighty - they possess great power
Obedient - they follow God's commands perfectly
Worshipers - they praise and serve God continually
Part 2: How Do Angels Appear? - Biblical Descriptions
A. The Seraphim - Isaiah 6:1-7
Read Isaiah 6:2-3 "Above him were seraphim, each with six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they were flying. And they were calling to one another: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.'"
Characteristics of Seraphim:
Six wings with specific purposes
Cover their faces - even angels cannot look directly upon God's glory
Cover their feet - showing modesty in God's presence
Flying - mobility to serve God
Continually worship - declaring God's holiness
B. The Cherubim - Ezekiel 1:4-14
Read Ezekiel 1:5-6, 10 "In the fire was what looked like four living creatures. In appearance their form was human, but each of them had four faces and four wings... Their faces looked like this: Each of the four had the face of a human being, and on the right side each had the face of a lion, on the left the face of an ox; each also had the face of an eagle."
Characteristics of Cherubim:
Four faces representing different aspects of creation
Four wings for swift movement
Human-like form but clearly supernatural
Associated with God's throne and glory
Guardians of God's holiness (Genesis 3:24)
C. Angels in Human-like Form - Daniel 10:5-6
Read Daniel 10:5-6 "I looked up and there before me was a man dressed in linen, with a belt of fine gold from Uphaz around his waist. His body was like topaz, his face like lightning, his eyes like flaming torches, his arms and legs like the gleam of burnished bronze, and his voice like the sound of a multitude."
Characteristics:
Radiant appearance - like precious stones and metals
Overwhelming presence - Daniel fell face down (v. 9)
Powerful voice - like a multitude speaking
Human-like but glorified form
D. Angels Appearing as Men - Luke 1:26-38
Read Luke 1:26-30 "In the sixth month of Elizabeth's pregnancy, God sent the angel Gabriel to Nazareth, a town in Galilee, to a virgin pledged to be married to a man named Joseph, a descendant of David. The virgin's name was Mary. The angel went to her and said, 'Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you.' Mary was greatly troubled at his words and wondered what kind of greeting this might be. But the angel said to her, 'Do not be afraid, Mary; you have found favor with God.'"
Observations:
Gabriel appeared in a form that didn't immediately terrify Mary
Mary was troubled by his words, not necessarily his appearance
Angels often say "Do not be afraid" when they appear
They can appear in seemingly ordinary human form
Part 3: Why Angels Appear Differently
Discussion Questions:
Why do you think angels sometimes appear in glorious, overwhelming forms and other times in ordinary human appearance?
What does this tell us about God's wisdom in how He communicates with us?
Key Insights:
Angels' appearance often matches their message and purpose
God adapts the method of revelation to what people can handle
The glory of angels reflects the glory of God they serve
Even in human form, there's often something that identifies them as supernatural
Application Questions
Personal Reflection: How does learning about angels' true nature change your perspective on spiritual realities around us?
Worship Focus: The seraphim constantly declare "Holy, holy, holy." How should this impact our own worship of God?
Daily Living: If angels are "ministering spirits" sent to serve believers, how does this encourage you in your daily walk with God?
Discernment: How can understanding biblical descriptions of angels help us discern truth from popular misconceptions?
Memory Verse
Hebrews 1:14 "Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?"
For Further Study
Compare Genesis 3:24 with Revelation 4:6-8 to see cherubim in different contexts
Study other "Do not be afraid" angel encounters: Luke 1:13, Luke 2:10, Matthew 28:5
Read Hebrews 13:2 about entertaining angels unaware
Comment:
Angels are spiritual beings created by God to serve Him and carry out His will. According to Hebrews 1:14 (NIV), they are “ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation.” This spiritual nature means they do not possess physical bodies like humans, though they are occasionally permitted by God to appear in human form (Genesis 18:1–2; Luke 24:4). Angels are personal beings — they have intelligence (Daniel 9:22), emotions (Luke 15:10), and wills (Jude 6). Though invisible to the human eye under normal circumstances, they are actively engaged in God’s work, especially in the lives of believers.
Regarding their appearance, angels in Scripture can look striking and majestic, often producing awe or fear when they appear. For example, in Luke 2:9, the angel appearing to the shepherds is described as being surrounded by “the glory of the Lord,” and the shepherds were “terrified.” Yet angels never seek worship or glory for themselves — they always point back to God (Revelation 22:8–9).
Quotation:
“Angels are God’s messengers whose primary role is not to be seen but to obey — they serve God’s purposes and act according to His direction, not their own agenda.”
— Billy Graham, Angels: God’s Secret Agents
Reflection Prompt for Group Discussion:
Why do you think God created angels as spiritual beings, rather than physical ones like us?
What can we learn from how angels faithfully obey and glorify God — even when they are unseen?
Session 2:
The Hierarchy and Types of Angels
Introduction
Just as God established order in His earthly creation, Scripture reveals that there is also order and hierarchy in the heavenly realm. Today we'll explore the different types of angels mentioned in the Bible and what we can learn about their roles and ranks.
Key Question to Consider: What does the organization of angels teach us about God's character and His kingdom?
Main Study
Part 1: Understanding Biblical Terms
Before examining specific types of angels, let's understand the biblical terminology:
Hebrew Terms:
Mal'ak (Hebrew) = messenger, envoy
Seraphim (Hebrew) = "burning ones"
Cherubim (Hebrew) = possibly "to guard" or "intercessors"
Greek Terms:
Angelos (Greek) = messenger, one sent
Archangelos (Greek) = chief messenger, ruling angel
Read Colossians 1:16 "For in him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through him and for him."
Note: This passage suggests there are ranks and orders in the spiritual realm, though not all are specifically named.
Part 2: The Seraphim - The Burning Ones
Scripture Focus: Isaiah 6:1-7
Read Isaiah 6:2-3 "Above him were seraphim, each with six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they were flying. And they were calling to one another: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.'"
Characteristics of Seraphim:
Position: "Above" God's throne - suggesting high rank
Number: Multiple seraphim (plural form)
Appearance: Six wings each
Primary Role: Worship and purification
Read Isaiah 6:6-7 "Then one of the seraphim flew to me with a live coal in his hand, which he had taken with tongs from the altar. With it he touched my mouth and said, 'See, this has touched your lips; your guilt is taken away and your sin atoned for.'"
Functions of Seraphim:
Continual worship - declaring God's holiness
Purification ministry - cleansing from sin
Attendants at God's throne
Agents of atonement and forgiveness
Discussion Question: Why do you think these angels are called "burning ones"? What does this suggest about their nature and role?
Part 3: The Cherubim - The Guardians
Scripture Focus: Ezekiel 10:1-22
Read Ezekiel 10:14, 20-22 "Each of the cherubim had four faces: One face was that of a cherub, the second the face of a human being, the third the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle... These were the living creatures I had seen beneath the God of Israel by the Kebar River, and I realized that they were cherubim. Each had four faces and four wings, and under their wings was what looked like human hands."
Characteristics of Cherubim:
Four faces - representing different aspects of creation
Four wings - for mobility in service
Human-like hands - for active service
Associated with God's throne and mobility
Biblical Appearances of Cherubim:
Genesis 3:24 - Guarding the Garden of Eden
Exodus 25:18-22 - On the Ark of the Covenant
1 Kings 6:23-28 - In Solomon's Temple
Ezekiel 1 & 10 - Carrying God's throne-chariot
Primary Roles of Cherubim:
Guardians of God's holiness
Throne bearers - carrying God's presence
Protectors of sacred spaces
Executors of God's judgment
Discussion Question: How do the cherubim's roles as guardians reflect God's holiness and justice?
Part 4: The Archangels - The Chief Messengers
A. Michael the Archangel
Read Jude 1:9 "But even the archangel Michael, when he was disputing with the devil about the body of Moses, did not himself dare to condemn him for slander but said, 'The Lord rebuke you!'"
Read 1 Thessalonians 4:16 "For the Lord himself will come down from heaven, with a loud command, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet call of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first."
Michael's Roles:
Warrior - leads God's army (Revelation 12:7)
Protector - especially of God's people (Daniel 12:1)
Announcer - at Christ's second coming
Respectful - even toward Satan, acknowledging God's authority
B. Gabriel the Messenger
Read Daniel 9:21-22 "While I was still in prayer, Gabriel, the man I had seen in the earlier vision, came to me in swift flight about the time of the evening sacrifice. He instructed me and said to me, 'Daniel, I have now come to give you insight and understanding.'"
Read Luke 1:19 "The angel answered, 'I am Gabriel. I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to tell you this good news.'"
Gabriel's Roles:
Divine messenger - bringing important announcements
Interpreter - explaining visions and prophecies
Herald - announcing the Messiah's coming
Stands in God's presence - indicating high rank
Discussion Question: What does Gabriel's statement "I stand in the presence of God" tell us about his position and authority?
Part 5: General Angels - The Messengers
Read Hebrews 1:14 "Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?"
Read Psalm 91:11 "For he will command his angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways."
Roles of General Angels:
Messengers - carrying God's communications
Ministers - serving believers
Guardians - providing protection
Worshipers - praising God (Luke 2:13-14)
Biblical Examples:
Angels visiting Abraham (Genesis 18:1-2)
Angel rescuing Peter (Acts 12:7-11)
Angels ministering to Jesus (Matthew 4:11)
Part 6: Understanding Angelic Hierarchy
What We Can Observe from Scripture:
Levels of Authority Exist
Archangels appear to outrank other angels
Michael is called "one of the chief princes" (Daniel 10:13)
Some angels have specific names and roles
Proximity to God's Throne
Seraphim are "above" the throne
Gabriel "stands in the presence of God"
Cherubim are throne bearers
Specialized Functions
Seraphim = Worship and purification
Cherubim = Guardianship and God's presence
Archangels = Leadership and major announcements
Angels = General service and ministry
Read Ephesians 1:20-21 "He raised Christ from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly realms, far above all rule and authority, power and dominion, and every name that is invoked, not only in the present age but also in the one to come."
Key Truth: Christ is supreme over all angelic beings and authorities.
Application Questions
Order and Organization: What does the hierarchy among angels teach us about God's character and how He operates?
Specialized Service: How does seeing angels with different roles and functions encourage us in our own service to God?
Respect for Authority: How should Michael's respectful approach to Satan (Jude 1:9) guide our own attitudes toward authority?
Worship Focus: How do the seraphim's continual worship challenge us in our own worship life?
Christ's Supremacy: How does knowing that Christ is above all angelic beings strengthen your faith?
Memory Verse
Colossians 1:16 "For in him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through him and for him."
For Further Study
Study the "living creatures" in Revelation 4:6-8 and compare them to Ezekiel's cherubim
Examine Daniel 10:13, 20-21 for insights into spiritual warfare among angels
Read Revelation 12:7-9 about Michael's war against Satan
Comment:
Scripture reveals that angels are not all the same; they serve different roles and appear to have a kind of hierarchy or order. Though the Bible doesn’t give us a complete angelic “organizational chart,” it does refer to different types and ranks among them. For instance, Michael is called an “archangel” in Jude 1:9, indicating a leadership role. In Isaiah 6:2, we meet the seraphim, fiery beings who worship before God’s throne. In Ezekiel 10 and Genesis 3:24, cherubim appear as powerful and awe-inspiring guardians of God’s presence.
Colossians 1:16 (NIV) says:
“For in him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through him and for him.”
Many scholars understand “thrones,” “powers,” “rulers,” and “authorities” as referring not only to earthly realms, but also to a spiritual order — suggesting an organized structure among angelic beings.
While we must be careful not to speculate beyond what Scripture reveals, it is clear that angels serve with diversity of function and rank, all under the authority of God. Whether they are worshipers in heaven, messengers to humanity, or warriors in spiritual battle, they work in harmony with God’s purposes.
Quotation:
“The Bible reveals ranks and orders among angels, not to fascinate us with heavenly bureaucracy, but to remind us of the order and majesty of God's creation — even the invisible realm reflects His wisdom.”
— Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology
Reflection Prompt for Group Discussion:
Why might God choose to organize angels into different ranks and functions?
How does understanding the order among angels help us appreciate the order and purpose God has for His entire creation, including us?
Session 3: Angels as God's Messengers
Introduction
The very word "angel" means "messenger." Throughout Scripture, we see angels serving as God's special messengers, bringing divine communications to His people at crucial moments in history. Today we'll examine some of the most significant angelic messages and what they teach us about how God speaks to His people.
Key Question to Consider: What do angelic messages reveal about God's heart and His purposes for humanity?
Main Study
Part 1: The Nature of Divine Messages
Read Hebrews 1:1-2 "In the past God spoke to our ancestors through the prophets at many times and in various ways, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed heir of all things, and through whom also he made the universe."
God's Methods of Communication:
Prophets - human messengers
Angels - heavenly messengers
His Son - the ultimate revelation
Scripture - His written Word
Common Elements in Angelic Messages:
Divine authority - "Thus says the Lord"
Specific purpose - tailored to the recipient's need
Call to action - requiring response
Comfort or warning - addressing human concerns
God's faithfulness - revealing His character
Part 2: Angels Announcing God's Promises - Abraham's Visitors
Scripture Focus: Genesis 18:1-15
Read Genesis 18:1-3 "The Lord appeared to Abraham near the great trees of Mamre while he was sitting at the entrance to his tent in the heat of the day. Abraham looked up and saw three men standing nearby. When he saw them, he hurried from the entrance of his tent to meet them and bowed low to the ground. He said, 'If I have found favor in your eyes, my lord, do not pass your servant by.'"
The Setting:
Abraham shows hospitality to apparent strangers
The visitors accept his generous provision
Abraham senses something special about these guests
Read Genesis 18:9-10, 13-14 "'Where is your wife Sarah?' they asked him. 'There, in the tent,' he said. Then one of them said, 'I will surely return to you about this time next year, and Sarah your wife will have a son.'... Then the Lord said to Abraham, 'Why did Sarah laugh and say, "Will I really have a child, now that I am old?" Is anything too hard for the Lord? I will return to you at the appointed time next year, and Sarah will have a son.'"
The Message:
Promise fulfilled - Isaac would be born
Divine knowledge - knowing Sarah's private thoughts
God's power - "Is anything too hard for the Lord?"
Specific timing - "at the appointed time next year"
Key Lessons:
God keeps His promises even when circumstances seem impossible
Angels can appear in ordinary human form
Hospitality to strangers may entertain angels (Hebrews 13:2)
God's timing is perfect, even when it seems delayed
Discussion Question: How does this account encourage us when God's promises seem delayed in our own lives?
Part 3: Angels Bringing Understanding - Daniel's Prayer
Scripture Focus: Daniel 9:20-23
Read Daniel 9:20-23 "While I was speaking and praying, confessing my sin and the sin of my people Israel and making my request to the Lord my God for his holy hill—while I was still in prayer, Gabriel, the man I had seen in the earlier vision, came to me in swift flight about the time of the evening sacrifice. He instructed me and said to me, 'Daniel, I have now come to give you insight and understanding. As soon as you began to pray, a word went out, which I have come to tell you, for you are highly esteemed. Therefore, consider the word and understand the vision.'"
The Context:
Daniel was studying Scripture (Jeremiah's prophecy)
He was praying and confessing sin
He was seeking understanding about God's plans
Gabriel's Message:
Immediate response - "As soon as you began to pray"
Personal value - "you are highly esteemed"
Divine insight - bringing understanding of God's plans
Prophetic revelation - about the coming Messiah
Key Lessons:
God responds quickly to sincere prayer
Angels bring insight into God's Word and plans
God values those who seek Him earnestly
Prayer and Scripture study often go together
Discussion Question: How does knowing that God responds immediately to our prayers encourage your prayer life?
Part 4: Angels Announcing the Greatest News - Christ's Birth
A. The Announcement to Mary - Luke 1:26-38
Read Luke 1:26-31 "In the sixth month of Elizabeth's pregnancy, God sent the angel Gabriel to Nazareth, a town in Galilee, to a virgin pledged to be married to a man named Joseph, a descendant of David. The virgin's name was Mary. The angel went to her and said, 'Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you.' Mary was greatly troubled at his words and wondered what kind of greeting this might be. But the angel said to her, 'Do not be afraid, Mary; you have found favor with God. You will conceive and give birth to a son, and you are to call him Jesus.'"
Elements of Gabriel's Message:
Personal greeting - "highly favored"
Reassurance - "Do not be afraid"
Divine selection - chosen for this honor
Specific instructions - name the child Jesus
Prophecy fulfillment - the promised Messiah
Read Luke 1:37-38 "'For no word from God will ever fail.' 'I am the Lord's servant,' Mary answered. 'May your word to me be fulfilled according to your word.'"
Mary's Response:
Faith - accepting God's word
Submission - "I am the Lord's servant"
Cooperation - with God's plan
B. The Announcement to the Shepherds - Luke 2:8-14
Read Luke 2:8-12 "And there were shepherds living out in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks at night. An angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. But the angel said to them, 'Do not be afraid. I bring you good news that will cause great joy for all people. Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you; he is the Messiah, the Lord. This will be a sign to you: You will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger.'"
The Message to Shepherds:
"Do not be afraid" - common angelic greeting
"Good news" - the Gospel announced
"Great joy for all people" - universal scope
"Today" - immediate relevance
Specific sign - how to identify the baby
Read Luke 2:13-14 "Suddenly a great company of the heavenly host appeared with the angel, praising God and saying, 'Glory to God in the highest heaven, and on earth peace to those on whom his favor rests.'"
The Heavenly Chorus:
Multitude of angels - showing the magnitude of this event
Worship and praise - "Glory to God in the highest"
Peace proclaimed - for those who receive God's favor
Key Lessons:
God chooses unlikely messengers - humble shepherds
The Gospel is for everyone - "all people"
Angels worship Christ - recognizing His deity
God's favor brings peace - through Christ
Discussion Question: Why do you think God chose shepherds to be the first to hear about Jesus' birth?
Part 5: Angels Announcing Victory - The Resurrection
Scripture Focus: Matthew 28:1-7
Read Matthew 28:1-4 "After the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary went to look at the tomb. There was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven and, going to the tomb, rolled back the stone and sat on it. His appearance was like lightning, and his clothes were white as snow. The guards were so afraid of him that they shook and became like dead men."
The Angel's Action:
Earthquake - demonstrating divine power
Stone rolled away - not to let Jesus out, but to let witnesses in
Glorious appearance - "like lightning"
Guards terrified - showing supernatural authority
Read Matthew 28:5-7 "The angel said to the women, 'Do not be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. He is not here; he has risen, just as he said. Come and see the place where he lay. Then go quickly and tell his disciples: "He has risen from the dead and is going ahead of you into Galilee. There you will see him." Now I have told you.'"
The Angel's Message:
"Do not be afraid" - comfort for the faithful
"He has risen" - the greatest announcement in history
"Just as he said" - Jesus' words were true
"Come and see" - invitation to witness
"Go quickly and tell" - commission to spread the news
Key Lessons:
Death could not hold Jesus - victory over sin and death
Jesus keeps His word - everything He predicted came true
Women were first witnesses - God honors the faithful
Good news must be shared - "go quickly and tell"
Discussion Question: How should the reality of Christ's resurrection change how we live each day?
Application Questions
God's Communication: How do these angelic messages help us understand how God speaks to His people today through His Word?
Immediate Response: Daniel's prayer was answered immediately. How does this encourage you in your prayer life?
"Do Not Be Fear": Angels repeatedly said this. What fears in your life need to hear this divine message?
Faith Response: Mary said, "May your word to me be fulfilled." How can we cultivate this kind of submissive faith?
Sharing Good News: The shepherds "spread the word" about Jesus. How can we better share the Gospel message today?
Resurrection Reality: How does the angel's announcement "He has risen" impact your daily hope and joy?
Memory Verse
Luke 2:10-11 "But the angel said to them, 'Do not be afraid. I bring you good news that will cause great joy for all people. Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you; he is the Messiah, the Lord.'"
For Further Study
Read about the angel's message to Joseph in Matthew 1:18-25
Study the angel's message to Zechariah about John the Baptist in Luke 1:11-20
Examine the angel's messages in the book of Revelation
Comment:
One of the most prominent roles of angels in Scripture is that of a messenger. In fact, the Greek word for angel — angelos — literally means “messenger.” Throughout the Bible, angels are often sent by God to deliver messages, warnings, or announcements of divine intervention.
A key example is found in Luke 1:26–28 (NIV):
“In the sixth month of Elizabeth’s pregnancy, God sent the angel Gabriel to Nazareth, a town in Galilee, to a virgin pledged to be married to a man named Joseph… The angel went to her and said, ‘Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you.’”
Gabriel’s message to Mary wasn't just an announcement — it was a divine appointment, signaling a turning point in redemptive history. Angels also appeared to Joseph in dreams (Matthew 1:20), to the shepherds on the night of Christ’s birth (Luke 2:9–10), and to Zechariah (Luke 1:11–13). In the Old Testament, angels brought messages to Abraham, Daniel, Gideon, and many others.
It is important to note that angels never deliver their own messages — they speak on behalf of God. They do not draw attention to themselves but point to His will, His promises, and His glory. In doing so, they model faithful obedience to divine authority.
Quotation:
“When angels appear in the Bible, they do not come to display their glory, but to magnify God’s. They are messengers of the Most High, not celebrities of heaven.”
— R.C. Sproul, What Do Angels Do?
Reflection Questions for Group Discussion:
Why do you think God sometimes chooses to speak through angels rather than directly?
How do angelic messages in the Bible show us God’s concern and involvement in human life?
Have you ever experienced a moment when you felt God sent a “messenger” into your life (perhaps not an angel, but a person with a timely word or encouragement)?
What does the obedience of angels teach us about how we should respond to God’s leading?
Takeaway Thought:
Angels remind us that God is not distant — He speaks, He guides, and He acts in history. Though He can speak through many means today — His Word, His Spirit, and His people — the ministry of angels as messengers continues to point us to the faithfulness and nearness of our Lord.
Session 4: Angels as Protectors and Warriors
Introduction
While we often think of angels as gentle messengers, Scripture reveals they are also mighty warriors and protectors. God uses His angelic hosts to defend His people, execute His judgments, and fight spiritual battles on our behalf. Today we'll explore this powerful aspect of angelic ministry.
Key Question to Consider: How does knowing about God's angelic protection and warfare encourage us in our daily spiritual battles?
Main Study
Part 1: The Warrior Nature of Angels
Read Psalm 103:20-21 "Praise the Lord, you his angels, you mighty ones who do his bidding, who obey his word. Praise the Lord, all his heavenly hosts, you his servants who do his will."
Key Descriptions of Angels:
"Mighty ones" - possessing great power
"Do his bidding" - ready for action
"Heavenly hosts" - organized army
"Servants" - obedient to God's commands
Read 2 Kings 19:35 "That night the angel of the Lord went out and put to death a hundred and eighty-five thousand in the Assyrian camp. When the people got up the next morning—there were all the dead bodies!"
Angels' Military Power:
Swift action - accomplished in one night
Overwhelming force - 185,000 defeated by one angel
Divine judgment - executing God's will
Protection of God's people - defending Jerusalem
Discussion Question: What does this account teach us about the power of even one angel?
Part 2: Divine Protection in the Lion's Den - Daniel 6:16-23
Scripture Focus: Daniel 6:16-23
Background Context:
Daniel remained faithful to God despite the king's decree
His consistent prayer life led to his persecution
King Darius was reluctant to punish Daniel but bound by law
Read Daniel 6:19-20 "At the first light of dawn, the king got up and hurried to the lions' den. When he came near the den, he called to Daniel in an anguished voice, 'Daniel, servant of the living God, has your God, whom you serve continually, been able to rescue you from the lions?'"
The King's Concern:
Sleepless night - worried about Daniel
Early morning visit - eager to check on him
"Servant of the living God" - recognizing Daniel's devotion
Hope in God's power - "has your God...been able to rescue you?"
Read Daniel 6:21-22 "Daniel answered, 'May the king live forever! My God sent his angel, and he shut the mouths of the lions. They have not hurt me, because I was found innocent in his sight. Nor have I ever done any wrong before you, Your Majesty.'"
Daniel's Testimony:
Respectful response - "May the king live forever"
Clear attribution - "My God sent his angel"
Specific protection - "shut the mouths of the lions"
Reason for protection - innocence before God and king
Calm confidence - no panic, just trust
Read Daniel 6:23 "The king was overjoyed and gave orders to lift Daniel out of the den. And when Daniel was lifted from the den, no wound was found on him, because he had trusted in his God."
The Result:
Complete protection - "no wound was found"
Reason for deliverance - "because he had trusted in his God"
God's faithfulness demonstrated - to Daniel and the king
Key Lessons:
Faithfulness has consequences - but God protects the faithful
Angels can override natural laws - shutting lions' mouths
Trust in God is the foundation of divine protection
God's protection is complete - not partial or temporary
Discussion Question: How does Daniel's calm confidence in the lion's den challenge us in our own trials?
Part 3: Miraculous Prison Rescue - Acts 12:6-11
Scripture Focus: Acts 12:6-11
Background Context:
Herod's persecution of the early church
James executed by the sword
Peter imprisoned and heavily guarded
Church praying earnestly for Peter's release
Read Acts 12:6-7 "The night before Herod was to bring him to trial, Peter was sleeping between two soldiers, bound with two chains, and sentries stood guard at the entrance. Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a light shone in the cell. He struck Peter on the side and woke him up. 'Quick, get up!' he said, and the chains fell off Peter's wrists."
The Impossible Situation:
Maximum security - between two soldiers, chains, guards
Imminent danger - trial the next morning
Peter sleeping - peaceful despite circumstances
Angel appears - with divine light
The Supernatural Rescue:
Physical contact - angel struck Peter's side
Urgent command - "Quick, get up!"
Chains fall off - supernatural release
Divine light - illuminating the darkness
Read Acts 12:8-10 "Then the angel said to him, 'Put on your clothes and sandals.' And Peter did so. 'Wrap your cloak around you and follow me,' the angel told him. Peter followed him out of the prison, but he had no idea that what the angel was doing was really happening; he thought he was seeing a vision. They passed the first and second guards and came to the iron gate leading to the city. It opened for them by itself, and they went through it. When they had walked the length of one street, the angel left him."
The Escape Process:
Practical instructions - get dressed properly
Step-by-step guidance - "follow me"
Peter's confusion - thought it was a vision
Multiple barriers overcome - guards, iron gate
Gates open supernaturally - "by itself"
Mission accomplished - angel departs
Read Acts 12:11 "Then Peter came to himself and said, 'Now I know without a doubt that the Lord has sent his angel and rescued me from Herod's clutches and from everything the Jewish people were hoping would happen.'"
Peter's Realization:
"Came to himself" - reality dawned on him
"Without a doubt" - complete certainty
"The Lord has sent his angel" - divine intervention
Complete rescue - from all threats
Key Lessons:
Prayer moves God to action - the church was praying
No prison can hold God's people when He chooses to deliver
Angels can work invisibly - guards didn't see them
God's timing is perfect - the night before trial
Deliverance often comes unexpectedly - Peter thought it was a vision
Discussion Question: How does this account encourage us to pray boldly for those facing persecution today?
Part 4: Spiritual Warfare Revealed - 2 Kings 6:15-17
Scripture Focus: 2 Kings 6:15-17
Background Context:
Syria at war with Israel
Elisha revealing Syrian battle plans to Israel's king
Syrian army surrounds Dothan to capture Elisha
Elisha's servant terrified by the enemy forces
Read 2 Kings 6:15-17 "When the servant of the man of God got up and went out early the next morning, an army with horses and chariots had surrounded the city. 'Oh no, my lord! What shall we do?' the servant asked. 'Don't be afraid,' the prophet answered. 'Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.' And Elisha prayed, 'Open his eyes, Lord, so that he may see.' Then the Lord opened the servant's eyes, and he looked and saw the hills full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha."
The Physical Reality:
Enemy army surrounding the city
Servant's fear - "What shall we do?"
Seemingly hopeless situation
The Spiritual Reality:
"Don't be afraid" - Elisha's calm confidence
"Those who are with us are more" - spiritual mathematics
Prayer for spiritual sight - "Open his eyes"
Angelic army revealed - "horses and chariots of fire"
Divine protection - surrounding God's servant
Key Lessons:
Spiritual realities are more real than physical circumstances
God's army is always greater than enemy forces
We need spiritual eyes to see God's protection
Angels are constantly engaged in spiritual warfare
Prayer opens our understanding of spiritual realities
Discussion Question: How might asking God to "open our eyes" change our perspective on current challenges?
Part 5: The Nature of Spiritual Warfare - Ephesians 6:10-18
Scripture Focus: Ephesians 6:10-12
Read Ephesians 6:10-12 "Finally, be strong in the Lord and in his mighty power. Put on the full armor of God, so that you can take your stand against the devil's schemes. For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms."
The Reality of Spiritual Battle:
"Be strong in the Lord" - source of our strength
"Devil's schemes" - organized opposition
"Not against flesh and blood" - spiritual, not physical warfare
Hierarchy of evil - rulers, authorities, powers
"Heavenly realms" - spiritual battlefield
Our Response to Spiritual Warfare:
Recognize the battle - it's real and ongoing
Identify the enemy - spiritual forces, not people
Use God's armor - divine protection and weapons
Stand firm - don't retreat or compromise
Pray always - maintain communication with headquarters
Angels' Role in Spiritual Warfare:
Michael fighting Satan (Jude 1:9, Revelation 12:7)
Angelic protection around believers
Executing God's judgments on evil
Strengthening God's servants in battle
Read Daniel 10:12-13, 20-21 "Then he continued, 'Do not be afraid, Daniel. Since the first day that you set your mind to gain understanding and to humble yourself before your God, your words were heard, and I have come in response to them. But the prince of the Persian kingdom resisted me twenty-one days. Then Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, because I was detained there with the king of Persia... Soon I will return to fight against the prince of Persia, and when I go, the prince of Greece will come; but first I will tell you what is written in the Book of Truth. (No one supports me against them except Michael, your prince.'"
Insights into Angelic Warfare:
Delayed answers due to spiritual battles
Territorial spirits opposing God's messengers
Archangels involved in major conflicts
Ongoing warfare in heavenly realms
Angels fighting for God's people
Key Lessons:
Prayer delays may be due to spiritual warfare
Angels fight battles we never see
Spiritual warfare affects earthly events
God's people have angelic champions like Michael
Ultimate victory belongs to God
Application Questions
Trust in Trials: How do these accounts of divine protection encourage you when facing difficult circumstances?
Prayer Life: How does knowing about spiritual warfare change your approach to prayer?
Fear and Faith: What fears in your life need to hear Elisha's words: "Those who are with us are more than those who are with them"?
Spiritual Sight: How can you cultivate spiritual eyes to see God's protection in your daily life?
Warfare Participation: What role should believers play in spiritual warfare while trusting in angelic protection?
Faithfulness Under Pressure: How does Daniel's example encourage you to remain faithful despite opposition?
Memory Verse
2 Kings 6:16-17 "'Don't be afraid,' the prophet answered. 'Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.' And Elisha prayed, 'Open his eyes, Lord, so that he may see.' Then the Lord opened the servant's eyes, and he looked and saw the hills full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha."
For Further Study
Read about the angel of death in Egypt (Exodus 12:23)
Study the angelic army that fought for Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 32:21)
Examine the war in heaven described in Revelation 12:7-9
Comment:
Angels not only serve as God’s messengers but also act as His protectors and warriors, defending God’s people and carrying out His justice. Throughout Scripture, we see angels providing protection to individuals and nations, and engaging in spiritual battles on behalf of God’s purposes.
Psalm 91:11–12 (NIV) assures believers:
“For he will command his angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways; they will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.”
This is a personal promise of protection — not a guarantee against suffering, but a reminder that God’s care often includes unseen spiritual defense. Angels are God’s agents of that care.
Angels are also described as warriors. 2 Kings 6:16–17 (NIV) recounts when the prophet Elisha and his servant were surrounded by enemy forces:
“‘Don’t be afraid,’ the prophet answered. ‘Those who are with us are more than those who are with them.’ And Elisha prayed, ‘Open his eyes, Lord, so that he may see.’ Then the Lord opened the servant’s eyes, and he looked and saw the hills full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha.”
This heavenly army of angels was ready to defend God's servant. Likewise, the archangel Michael is described in Revelation 12:7 as leading angels in battle against the forces of evil:
“Then war broke out in heaven. Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back.”
While we often think of angels as gentle or serene, Scripture paints a fuller picture: angels are fierce warriors of righteousness, fighting spiritual battles on behalf of God’s people.
Quotation:
“Angels are not only messengers of God’s Word, but also ministers of His power. They fight battles we cannot see, protecting the saints and advancing the purposes of heaven.”
— Tony Evans, The Truth About Angels
Reflection Questions for Group Discussion:
What comfort do you find in the idea that God may send angels to protect you or your loved ones?
How do the stories of angelic protection in Scripture strengthen your trust in God’s care?
What does it mean for us today to know that spiritual battles are taking place beyond what we can see?
How should the example of angels as obedient warriors inspire our own faithfulness and spiritual courage?
Takeaway Thought:
Angels remind us that we are not alone in our walk of faith. God, in His mercy, commands His angels to guard us, strengthen us, and — when necessary — to fight for us. Behind the scenes of our everyday lives, a heavenly army stands ready, not by our merit, but by God’s sovereign grace.
Session 5: Angels in Worship and Heaven
Introduction
One of the most beautiful aspects of angelic ministry is their role as worshipers in God's heavenly throne room. Angels have been praising God since their creation, and their worship gives us a glimpse into the eternal adoration that surrounds God's throne. Today we'll explore what angelic worship teaches us about God's glory and how we should worship Him.
Key Question to Consider: What can we learn from angelic worship that will transform our own worship of God?
Main Study
Part 1: The Foundation of Angelic Worship
Read Revelation 4:8 "Each of the four living creatures had six wings and was covered with eyes all around, even under its wings. Day and night they never stop saying: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is, and is to come.'"
Characteristics of Heavenly Worship:
Continuous - "day and night they never stop"
Focused on God's holiness - "Holy, holy, holy"
Acknowledges God's nature - "Lord God Almighty"
Eternal perspective - "who was, and is, and is to come"
Never gets old - always fresh and meaningful
The Triple "Holy":
Emphasizes perfection - God's complete holiness
Hebrew intensification - the highest degree possible
Trinitarian echo - Father, Son, and Holy Spirit
Central theme - holiness is God's defining characteristic
Discussion Question: Why do you think angels never tire of declaring God's holiness?
Part 2: The Seraphim's Worship - Isaiah 6:1-4
Scripture Focus: Isaiah 6:1-4
Read Isaiah 6:1-2 "In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord, high and exalted, seated on a throne; and the train of his robe filled the temple. Above him were seraphim, each with six wings: With two wings they covered their faces, with two they covered their feet, and with two they were flying."
The Worship Setting:
"High and exalted" - God's supreme position
"Seated on a throne" - sovereign authority
"Train of his robe filled the temple" - overwhelming majesty
Seraphim positioned "above" - in God's immediate presence
The Seraphim's Posture:
Cover their faces - cannot look directly at God's glory
Cover their feet - modesty in God's presence
Flying - ready for immediate service
Six wings each - perfect equipment for worship and service
Read Isaiah 6:3-4 "And they were calling to one another: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.' At the sound of their voices the doorposts and thresholds shook and the temple was filled with smoke."
The Worship Experience:
Calling to one another - antiphonal worship
"Holy, holy, holy" - the eternal song
"The whole earth is full of his glory" - God's universal presence
Physical impact - doorposts shook, temple filled with smoke
Overwhelming power - of pure worship
Key Lessons from Seraphim Worship:
Reverence is essential - even angels cover themselves
God's holiness is the central theme of worship
Worship has power - it moves heaven and earth
God's glory fills all creation
Humility is required in God's presence
Discussion Question: How does seeing the seraphim cover their faces in God's presence affect your understanding of reverence in worship?
Part 3: Heavenly Throne Room Worship - Revelation 4:6-11
Scripture Focus: Revelation 4:6-11
Read Revelation 4:6-8 "In the center, around the throne, were four living creatures, and they were covered with eyes, in front and in back. The first living creature was like a lion, the second was like an ox, the third had a face like a man, the fourth was like a flying eagle. Each of the four living creatures had six wings and was covered with eyes all around, even under its wings. Day and night they never stop saying: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is, and is to come.'"
The Four Living Creatures:
Around the throne - in positions of honor
Covered with eyes - all-seeing, perfect awareness
Four different faces - representing all creation
Lion - wild animals, strength, royalty
Ox - domestic animals, service, sacrifice
Man - humanity, intelligence, dominion
Eagle - birds, swiftness, heavenly perspective
Six wings each - like the seraphim
Continuous worship - never stopping
Read Revelation 4:9-11 "Whenever the living creatures give glory, honor and thanks to him who sits on the throne and who lives for ever and ever, the twenty-four elders fall down before him who sits on the throne and worship him who lives for ever and ever. They cast their crowns before the throne and say: 'You are worthy, our Lord and God, to receive glory and honor and power, for you created all things, and by your will they were created and have their being.'"
The Chain Reaction of Worship:
Living creatures give glory, honor, and thanks
Twenty-four elders respond by falling down
Crowns are cast before the throne - ultimate submission
Worthiness declared - "You are worthy, our Lord and God"
Reason given - God as Creator of all things
Elements of Heavenly Worship:
Glory - acknowledging God's majesty
Honor - showing respect and reverence
Thanks - expressing gratitude
Physical prostration - falling down before God
Surrender of achievements - casting crowns
Declaration of worthiness - God deserves all worship
Recognition of creation - God as source of all existence
Key Lessons:
Worship is God-centered - focused on His worthiness
All creation participates - represented by the four faces
Worship inspires more worship - creates a chain reaction
Human achievements (crowns) pale before God's glory
Creation itself is reason enough to worship
Discussion Question: What does the image of casting crowns before God's throne teach us about our attitude toward our own accomplishments?
Part 4: The Lamb's Worship - Revelation 5:11-12
Scripture Focus: Revelation 5:11-12
Read Revelation 5:11-12 "Then I looked and heard the voice of many angels, numbering thousands upon thousands, and ten thousand times ten thousand. They encircled the throne and the living creatures and the elders. In a loud voice they sang: 'Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength and honor and glory and praise!'"
The Angelic Multitude:
"Thousands upon thousands" - innumerable host
"Ten thousand times ten thousand" - mathematical way of saying "countless"
Encircling the throne - surrounding in worship
Loud voice - unanimous, powerful declaration
They sang - worship expressed in music
The Seven-fold Praise to the Lamb:
Power - authority and might
Wealth - riches and resources
Wisdom - perfect knowledge and understanding
Strength - ability to accomplish His will
Honor - respect and reverence
Glory - majesty and splendor
Praise - worship and adoration
The Focus on Christ:
"The Lamb" - His sacrificial death
"Who was slain" - the cross central to heavenly worship
Perfect number seven - complete worthiness
Angels worship Christ - recognizing His deity
Key Lessons:
Christ is worthy of the same worship as the Father
The cross is central to heavenly worship
Angels recognize Christ's sacrifice for humanity
Worship should be wholehearted - "loud voice"
Corporate worship multiplies the impact
Part 5: Angels Announcing Good News - Luke 2:13-14
Scripture Focus: Luke 2:13-14
Read Luke 2:13-14 "Suddenly a great company of the heavenly host appeared with the angel, praising God and saying, 'Glory to God in the highest heaven, and on earth peace to those on whom his favor rests.'"
The Heavenly Celebration:
"Great company" - multitude of angels
"Heavenly host" - God's army in worship mode
"Suddenly appeared" - dramatic manifestation
"Praising God" - worship in response to Christ's birth
The Christmas Carol:
"Glory to God in the highest heaven" - worship ascending
"On earth peace" - blessing descending
"To those on whom his favor rests" - for believers
Heaven and earth connected - through Christ's birth
Why Angels Celebrated Christ's Birth:
God's plan fulfilled - the promise kept
Salvation provided - for lost humanity
Peace made possible - between God and man
Glory revealed - in the incarnation
Love demonstrated - God's heart for humanity
Key Lessons:
Angels rejoice over God's work of salvation
Worship connects heaven and earth
Christ's birth was a cosmic event
Good news naturally produces worship
God's favor brings peace
Part 6: What Angelic Worship Teaches Us
Lessons for Our Worship:
1. Worship Should Be Continuous
Angels worship "day and night" without stopping
Our lives should be marked by ongoing praise
Worship isn't just a Sunday activity
2. Worship Should Focus on God's Character
"Holy, holy, holy" - God's holiness central
"You are worthy" - God's worthiness declared
Not focused on our needs but on God's nature
3. Worship Should Be Reverent
Seraphim cover their faces
Elders fall down before the throne
Proper fear and awe of God
4. Worship Should Be Wholehearted
"Loud voice" - not timid or half-hearted
Physical expressions - falling down, casting crowns
Engaging our whole being
5. Worship Should Be Corporate
Angels calling "to one another"
Chain reaction of worship
Community aspect of praise
6. Worship Should Recognize Christ's Sacrifice
"Worthy is the Lamb who was slain"
The cross central to heavenly worship
Redemption theme in our worship
Discussion Questions:
How does angelic worship challenge our casual approach to worship?
What can we do to make our worship more reverent and wholehearted?
How should knowing that angels worship Christ affect our view of Him?
Application Questions
Continuous Worship: How can you cultivate a lifestyle of worship throughout the week, not just on Sunday?
Holiness Focus: How can you make God's holiness more central to your personal worship?
Reverence: What changes might you make to approach worship with greater reverence and awe?
Wholehearted Praise: How can you worship more wholeheartedly, engaging your whole being?
Corporate Worship: How can you better participate in corporate worship to encourage others?
Christ-Centered: How can you make Christ's sacrifice more central to your worship?
Memory Verse
Revelation 4:8 "Day and night they never stop saying: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord God Almighty, who was, and is, and is to come.'"
For Further Study
Compare the worship in Revelation 7:9-12 with today's passages
Study the "new song" in Revelation 5:9-10
Examine how Old Testament temple worship reflected heavenly patterns
Comment:
One of the most awe-inspiring roles of angels is their participation in the worship of God, especially in heaven. While angels are active in the world — delivering messages, offering protection, and carrying out God’s will — their ultimate orientation is upward: toward the throne of God in constant, joyful, and holy worship.
Isaiah 6:1–3 (NIV) gives us a glimpse into the heavenly worship:
“Above him were seraphim, each with six wings... And they were calling to one another: ‘Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.’”
This scene in Isaiah’s vision reveals that angels, specifically seraphim, surround God’s throne, continually proclaiming His holiness. Their worship is not casual or routine — it is filled with awe and reverence.
In Revelation 5:11–12 (NIV), John describes another heavenly scene:
“Then I looked and heard the voice of many angels, numbering thousands upon thousands, and ten thousand times ten thousand... In a loud voice they were saying: ‘Worthy is the Lamb, who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and strength and honor and glory and praise!’”
This shows us that angels not only worship God the Father but also glorify the risen Christ — the Lamb who was slain. Their praise is full and complete, centered on God's worth and majesty.
Angels remind us that worship is not just something we do — it’s part of who we are created to be. Just as angels were created to worship, we too were made to glorify God. In heaven, we will join them in eternal praise.
Quotation:
“Angels never tire of worshiping God, for His beauty and glory are endless. Their unceasing praise is a glimpse of what we, too, are invited into — not only someday in heaven, but now in spirit and truth.”
— John MacArthur, The Glory of Heaven
Reflection Questions for Group Discussion:
How do the worship scenes involving angels in Isaiah and Revelation inspire your own view of worship?
What does it say about God that even sinless angels worship Him constantly?
How can we prepare our hearts now to join in the kind of worship we will one day experience in heaven?
Have you ever sensed a deeper connection to heavenly worship during personal or corporate praise?
Takeaway Thought:
Angels are constantly engaged in worship before the throne of God. Their example reminds us that worship is not about us — it's about God’s holiness, majesty, and love. As we worship here on earth, we are joining a song that is already echoing in heaven — a chorus that will never end.
Session 6: The Angel of the Lord
for Senior Citizens
Introduction
Today we encounter one of the most fascinating and mysterious figures in the Old Testament: "the Angel of the Lord." This being appears repeatedly in Scripture, yet seems different from other angels. Many scholars believe these appearances may be pre-incarnate manifestations of Christ Himself. Let's examine what Scripture reveals about this remarkable figure.
Key Scripture Passages
Primary Texts:
Genesis 16:7-13: The Angel appears to Hagar
Exodus 3:1-6: The burning bush encounter with Moses
Judges 13:1-23: The Angel announces Samson's birth
Supporting Passages:
Genesis 22:11-18 - Abraham and Isaac
Genesis 31:11-13 - Jacob's dream
Joshua 5:13-15 - Commander of the Lord's army
Judges 6:11-24 - Gideon's calling
Main Teaching Points
1. The Angel of the Lord with Hagar (Genesis 16:7-13)
The Encounter:
Hagar flees from Sarah's harsh treatment
The Angel finds her by a spring in the desert
He speaks with divine authority about her future
Promises to multiply her descendants greatly
Unique Characteristics:
Hagar names the Lord who spoke to her: "You are the God who sees me" (v. 13)
She recognizes she has seen God and lived
The Angel speaks in first person as God: "I will increase your descendants"
Divine promises are made directly by this Angel
Theological Significance:
This Angel acts with full divine authority
Receives recognition as God Himself
Makes covenant promises typically reserved for God alone
Discussion Question: What does it mean to you that God "sees" us in our distress, as He saw Hagar?
2. The Burning Bush - Moses' Encounter (Exodus 3:1-6)
The Scene:
Moses encounters a bush burning but not consumed
"The angel of the Lord appeared to him in flames of fire" (v. 2)
God calls to Moses from within the bush (v. 4)
Moses is told to remove his sandals on holy ground
Divine Identity Revealed:
The Angel identifies as "I AM WHO I AM" (v. 14)
Claims to be the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
Moses hides his face, afraid to look at God
Divine mission is given directly by this Angel
The Mystery Deepens:
Verse 2 says "the angel of the Lord appeared"
Verse 4 says "God called to him from within the bush"
The Angel and God are spoken of interchangeably
Full divine authority and identity are claimed
Discussion Question: How does this encounter demonstrate both God's transcendence (holiness) and His immanence (personal care)?
3. The Angel and Manoah's Family (Judges 13:1-23)
The Annunciation:
The Angel appears to Manoah's barren wife
Announces the birth of Samson with specific instructions
When questioned, refuses to give His name: "It is beyond understanding" (v. 18)
The Sacrifice:
Manoah offers a sacrifice to the Lord
The Angel ascends in the flame of the altar
Manoah realizes they have seen God: "We are doomed to die! We have seen God!" (v. 22)
Key Observations:
The Angel accepts worship and sacrifice
His name is "wonderful" or "beyond understanding"
He demonstrates supernatural power
Recognition as God leads to fear of death (common Old Testament response)
Connection to Christ:
"Wonderful" echoes Isaiah 9:6 - "Wonderful Counselor"
Accepts worship (angels typically refuse - Revelation 22:8-9)
Ascending in flame suggests divine nature
Discussion Question: What similarities do you see between this angel's mysterious name and the names given to Jesus in Isaiah 9:6?
4. Theological Discussions - Is This Christ?
Evidence Supporting Pre-Incarnate Christ:
Divine Identity: Called God, accepts worship, makes divine promises
Unique Nature: Distinguished from other angels by authority and actions
Mysterious Identity: Name is "wonderful" or "beyond understanding"
Covenant Activity: Involved in God's redemptive work throughout history
Theophanic Appearances: Visible manifestations of the invisible God
Additional Supporting Evidence:
Joshua 5:13-15: Commander who receives worship
Accepts sacrifices meant for God alone
Speaks in first person as God
Involved in salvation history consistently
Alternative Views:
Some scholars see a special angel with unique authority
Others view it as God manifesting through an angelic messenger
Some see it as God's presence made visible through created means
Why This Matters:
Shows God's desire for relationship from the beginning
Demonstrates Christ's eternal existence and activity
Reveals God's consistent involvement in salvation history
Points to the incarnation as the ultimate divine appearance
Discussion Question: How does seeing Christ potentially active in the Old Testament change your understanding of God's plan of salvation?
Practical Applications
God Sees and Cares
Like Hagar, we are never forgotten or overlooked
God knows our circumstances and meets us in our need
His care extends to all people, not just the prominent
Holy Ground Everywhere
God can reveal Himself anywhere, anytime
Every encounter with God requires reverence and respect
We should live aware of God's presence
God's Eternal Plan
Christ was involved in God's work from the beginning
Salvation history shows God's consistent character
The incarnation was the ultimate revelation of what God had been doing all along
Worship the Right Object
This Angel accepted worship because He was divine
Created angels refuse worship and point to God
All worship belongs to God alone
Discussion Questions for Group Reflection
What comfort do you find in knowing that Christ may have been active in Old Testament times?
How does the Angel of the Lord's care for people like Hagar encourage you about God's concern for the overlooked?
What does it mean that God's name is "beyond understanding" or "wonderful"?
How do these mysterious appearances prepare us to better understand the incarnation?
What should our response be when we recognize God's presence in our lives?
Memory Verse
"She gave this name to the Lord who spoke to her: 'You are the God who sees me,' for she said, 'I have now seen the One who sees me.'" - Genesis 16:13
Take-Home Thought
The Angel of the Lord reminds us that God has always desired to be near His people. Whether we see Christ in these Old Testament appearances or simply marvel at God's mysterious ways of revealing Himself, we can be certain that our God sees us, knows us, and has been working throughout all of history to demonstrate His love and accomplish our salvation.
Comment:
One of the most mysterious and important figures in the Old Testament is "the Angel of the Lord." This figure is not just an angel, but appears to be distinct from all other angelic beings. In several passages, the Angel of the Lord speaks as God, identifies with God, and receives worship — which regular angels never do. This has led many conservative Bible scholars and theologians to believe that the Angel of the Lord is a pre-incarnate appearance of Jesus Christ, also known as a Christophany.
Consider Exodus 3:2, 4 (NIV), the burning bush encounter:
“There the angel of the Lord appeared to him in flames of fire from within a bush... When the Lord saw that he had gone over to look, God called to him from within the bush, ‘Moses! Moses!’”
At first, we’re told it is the Angel of the Lord who appears, but then God speaks from the bush. The two are used interchangeably.
Another example is in Genesis 22:11–12 (NIV), when Abraham is about to sacrifice Isaac:
“But the angel of the Lord called out to him from heaven, ‘Abraham! Abraham!’... ‘Do not lay a hand on the boy... Now I know that you fear God, because you have not withheld from me your son, your only son.’”
The Angel says, “you have not withheld from me your son” — again speaking as God.
Unlike ordinary angels, who consistently refuse worship (Revelation 22:8–9), the Angel of the Lord receives it and speaks with divine authority. After the incarnation of Christ, the Angel of the Lord no longer appears in Scripture, further supporting the view that this figure is the eternal Son of God, revealed in the Old Testament.
Quotation:
“The Angel of the Lord in the Old Testament is best understood as a visible manifestation of the pre-incarnate Christ — God the Son appearing before His incarnation to lead, protect, and speak to His people.”
— J. Dwight Pentecost, Things to Come
Reflection Questions for Group Discussion:
Why is it significant that the Angel of the Lord speaks as God and receives worship?
How does understanding this figure as a pre-incarnate appearance of Christ enrich your view of Jesus’ eternal nature?
What does this teach us about God’s involvement with His people even before Jesus was born in Bethlehem?
How might this change the way we read Old Testament stories where the Angel of the Lord appears?
Key Takeaway Thought:
The Angel of the Lord is not just a heavenly messenger — He reveals the nearness, authority, and compassion of God. For many, He is a glimpse of Jesus before the manger — eternal, active, and already working to redeem His people. From burning bushes to divine rescues, the Angel of the Lord shows that God does not stand far off. He comes near, speaks clearly, and saves powerfully.
Session 7: Fallen Angels and Satan
for Senior Citizens
Introduction
Today we examine a sobering but important biblical truth: not all angels remained faithful to God. Understanding fallen angels and Satan helps us grasp the spiritual battle around us while affirming God's ultimate authority and our security in Christ.
Key Scripture Passages
Primary Texts:
2 Peter 2:4: "For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but sent them to hell, putting them in chains of darkness to be held for judgment"
Jude 1:6: "And the angels who did not keep their positions of authority but abandoned their proper dwelling—these he has kept in darkness, bound with everlasting chains for judgment on the great Day."
Revelation 12:7-9: "Then war broke out in heaven. Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back. But he was not strong enough, and they lost their place in heaven. The great dragon was hurled down—that ancient serpent called the devil, or Satan, who leads the whole world astray. He was hurled to the earth, and his angels with him."
Supporting Passages:
Isaiah 14:12-15
Ezekiel 28:12-17
Luke 10:18
1 Peter 5:8-9
James 4:7
Main Teaching Points
1. The Reality of Fallen Angels
The Fall of Angels
Angels, created with free will, chose to rebel against God
Led by Satan (also called Lucifer), they abandoned their heavenly positions
This rebellion resulted in their expulsion from heaven
Their Current State
Some fallen angels are bound in darkness (2 Peter 2:4, Jude 1:6)
Others, including Satan, are active but limited by God's sovereignty
All await final judgment
Discussion Question: How does knowing that even angels could choose rebellion help us understand human nature and our need for God's grace?
2. Satan's Nature and Character
His Names Reveal His Nature:
Satan = "adversary" or "accuser"
Devil = "slanderer"
The tempter (Matthew 4:3)
Father of lies (John 8:44)
Ancient serpent (Revelation 12:9)
His Activities:
Tempts believers (1 Thessalonians 3:5)
Accuses believers (Revelation 12:10)
Deceives the nations (Revelation 20:3)
Seeks to devour the faithful (1 Peter 5:8)
Discussion Question: Why is it important for Christians to be aware of Satan's tactics without becoming obsessed with them?
3. Satan's Limitations
He is NOT:
Equal to God (he's a created being)
All-knowing (omniscient)
All-present (omnipresent)
All-powerful (omnipotent)
Biblical Evidence of His Limitations:
He must ask permission to test Job (Job 1:12)
He can be resisted (James 4:7)
He flees when resisted (James 4:7)
His time is limited (Revelation 12:12)
His defeat is certain (Revelation 20:10)
Our Authority Over Satan:
Through Christ's name (Luke 10:17)
Through God's armor (Ephesians 6:10-18)
Through submission to God (James 4:7)
4. God's Ultimate Authority
Satan's Defeat at the Cross:
Jesus disarmed principalities and powers (Colossians 2:15)
Death's sting was removed (1 Corinthians 15:55-57)
Satan's head was crushed (Genesis 3:15)
Our Victory Position:
We are more than conquerors (Romans 8:37)
Nothing can separate us from God's love (Romans 8:38-39)
Greater is He who is in us (1 John 4:4)
Practical Applications
Stay Alert but Not Afraid
Be sober and vigilant (1 Peter 5:8)
Remember God's protection (2 Thessalonians 3:3)
Use Spiritual Weapons
Prayer and God's Word (Ephesians 6:17-18)
Fellowship with believers (Hebrews 10:25)
Walking in the light (1 John 1:7)
Focus on Victory, Not Defeat
Remember Christ's finished work
Live in the authority we've been given
Keep eternal perspective
Discussion Questions for Group Reflection
How does understanding Satan's limitations change your perspective on spiritual warfare?
What comfort do you find in knowing that fallen angels are under God's ultimate control?
How can we help fellow believers who seem overly fearful of Satan's power?
What practical steps can we take to "resist the devil" in our daily lives?
Memory Verse
"Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you." - James 4:7
Take-Home Thought
Satan is real and active, but he is a defeated enemy operating on borrowed time. Our victory is secure in Christ, and God's authority over all spiritual forces gives us confidence and peace.
Comment:
Not all angels remained faithful to God. Scripture teaches that some angels rebelled and were cast out of heaven. These disobedient angels are referred to as fallen angels, and chief among them is Satan — also called the devil, the accuser, and the deceiver.
Revelation 12:7–9 (NIV) offers a dramatic picture of this rebellion:
“Then war broke out in heaven. Michael and his angels fought against the dragon, and the dragon and his angels fought back. But he was not strong enough, and they lost their place in heaven. The great dragon was hurled down — that ancient serpent called the devil, or Satan, who leads the whole world astray.”
This passage reveals that Satan is a fallen angelic being who led other angels in rebellion. These rebellious spirits are often referred to as demons in the New Testament (e.g., Mark 1:34), and they oppose the purposes of God and the well-being of His people.
Satan is not equal to God — he is a created being, limited in power, and destined for final judgment. 2 Peter 2:4 (NIV) confirms this:
“For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but sent them to hell, putting them in chains of darkness to be held for judgment...”
Satan’s goal is to deceive, destroy, and separate people from God. Yet Scripture is clear: he has already been defeated by Christ’s death and resurrection, and his final judgment is certain. Romans 16:20 (NIV) gives us hope:
“The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet.”
Quotation:
“Satan is a fallen angel, not a dark god. He has great power, but he is on a leash. The victory of Jesus at the cross sealed his doom.”
— John Stott, Basic Christianity
Reflection Questions for Group Discussion:
What does Scripture teach us about the origin and limitations of Satan?
How should we respond to the reality of spiritual warfare without fear?
In what ways do fallen angels still attempt to deceive or distract believers today?
How does Christ’s victory give us confidence in resisting temptation and evil?
Key Takeaway Thought:
Fallen angels, including Satan, are real spiritual beings in active opposition to God. But they are defeated enemies, allowed to operate only within God’s sovereign limits. Jesus Christ has triumphed over sin, death, and Satan. As believers, we live in that victory — standing firm, resisting temptation, and trusting that the God who commands angels also defends and delivers His people.
Session 8: Angels and Believers Today
for Senior Citizens
Introduction
As we conclude our study on biblical angels, we turn to a deeply personal question: How do angels minister to believers today? While popular culture offers many ideas about angels, we must ground our understanding in Scripture alone, finding both comfort and clarity in God's Word.
Key Scripture Passages
Primary Texts:
Hebrews 1:14: "Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?"
Psalm 91:11-12: "For he will command his angels concerning you to guard you in all your ways; they will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone."
Matthew 18:10: "See that you do not despise one of these little ones. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven."
Supporting Passages:
Psalm 34:7
Acts 12:6-11
Daniel 6:22
2 Kings 6:15-17
Acts 27:23-24
Main Teaching Points
1. Angels as Ministering Spirits
Their Primary Purpose (Hebrews 1:14)
Angels are "ministering spirits" - servants sent by God
Their service is directed toward "those who will inherit salvation"
This ministry is part of God's providential care for His people
Biblical Examples of Angelic Ministry:
Protection in danger (Daniel 6:22)
Deliverance from prison (Acts 12:6-11)
Guidance and encouragement (Acts 27:23-24)
Provision in wilderness (1 Kings 19:5-7)
Comfort in distress (Luke 22:43)
What This Means for Us:
God uses angels as part of His care for believers
This ministry often happens without our awareness
Angels serve God's purposes, not our wishes
Discussion Question: Can you think of times when you experienced unexpected help or protection that might have involved angelic ministry?
2. Divine Protection and Guidance
The Promise of Psalm 91:11-12
God commands His angels concerning those who trust in Him
The protection covers "all your ways" - our entire journey
The care is detailed and personal ("lift you up in their hands")
Understanding the Context:
This psalm describes the security of those who dwell "in the shelter of the Most High"
It's not a blanket promise of physical safety from all harm
It's about God's sovereign protection according to His will
Biblical Balance:
Angels protected Daniel but not always other faithful servants
Paul was shipwrecked despite angelic encouragement
God's protection doesn't always mean physical preservation
Sometimes protection means strength to endure suffering
Discussion Question: How do we balance faith in God's protection with the reality that believers sometimes face harm and hardship?
3. The Question of Guardian Angels
What Matthew 18:10 Teaches:
Jesus speaks of "their angels" regarding children
These angels "always see the face of my Father"
This indicates special access and ongoing ministry
What Scripture Suggests:
Angels do have assignments related to specific people or groups
There appears to be ongoing angelic interest in believers
Angels have access to God's presence for their ministry
What Scripture Doesn't Clearly State:
Whether each believer has one specific guardian angel
The exact nature of individual angelic assignments
How this ministry is organized or administered
Biblical Examples:
Peter had "his angel" (Acts 12:15)
Nations have angelic princes (Daniel 10:13, 20-21)
Churches have angels (Revelation 1:20)
Discussion Question: Whether we have one guardian angel or many angels who minister to us, how does this truth comfort you?
4. Common Misconceptions to Address
Angels Do NOT:
Become angels when people die (we become like angels, but don't become angels)
Answer prayers (only God does)
Accept worship (Revelation 22:8-9)
Grant wishes or fulfill our desires apart from God's will
Communicate through séances or occult practices
Angels DO:
Serve God's purposes exclusively
Minister according to God's will
Remain invisible most of the time
Work within God's sovereign plan
Point us to God, not themselves
Healthy Perspective:
Be thankful for angelic ministry without obsessing over it
Focus on God as our ultimate protector and provider
Trust God's wisdom in how He uses angels
Avoid trying to contact or command angels
Practical Applications
Live with Confidence
Trust in God's comprehensive care
Remember you're not alone in life's challenges
Find comfort in divine protection and provision
Maintain Proper Focus
Thank God for angelic ministry, not the angels themselves
Keep Christ as your primary focus, not angels
Seek God's will, not angelic signs or messages
Share This Comfort
Encourage fellow believers with these truths
Help others distinguish biblical truth from popular myths
Point people to God's care demonstrated through various means
Discussion Questions for Group Reflection
How does knowing about angelic ministry change your perspective on daily life?
What's the difference between trusting in angelic protection and trusting in God's protection?
How can we help family members who might have unbiblical ideas about angels?
What comfort do you find in Hebrews 1:14 during difficult times?
How do we balance awareness of angelic ministry with keeping Christ central in our faith?
Memory Verse
"Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?" - Hebrews 1:14
Series Conclusion
Throughout our eight sessions, we've discovered that biblical angels are:
Powerful servants of God's throne
Messengers of divine truth
Protectors and ministers to believers
Worshipers who point us to God's glory
Agents of God's will, not independent operators
Most importantly, we've learned that while angels serve believers, our hope, trust, and worship belong to God alone. Angels are wonderful servants, but Jesus Christ is our wonderful Savior.
Take-Home Thought
God's care for His people is so complete that He assigns His holy angels to minister to us. While we may not always see their work, we can trust that our loving Father uses every resource of heaven to accomplish His good purposes in our lives.
Comment:
While angels often appear in dramatic moments throughout Scripture, their ministry did not end with biblical times. According to God’s Word, angels are still actively involved in the lives of believers today — sent by God to serve, protect, guide, and even encourage His people.
Hebrews 1:14 (NIV) gives a foundational truth:
“Are not all angels ministering spirits sent to serve those who will inherit salvation?”
This means that angels — even now — are carrying out God’s will on behalf of those who belong to Christ. Their work is usually unseen, but no less real. Angels are not to be prayed to or worshiped, but they are part of God’s provision for His people.
In Acts 12:7 we read of an angel delivering Peter from prison:
“Suddenly an angel of the Lord appeared and a light shone in the cell. He struck Peter on the side and woke him up. ‘Quick, get up!’ he said, and the chains fell off Peter’s wrists.”
Though we don’t always experience miraculous deliverance like this, we can trust that God still sends angels to act on our behalf — sometimes in protection, sometimes in ways we don’t understand until eternity.
And yet, believers are never called to focus on angels, but on Christ. Angels serve us not because of who we are, but because of who God is. Their ministry reminds us that we are never alone — God is with us, and sometimes, He sends His servants to help in ways we may never fully see.
Quotation:
“Though unseen, angels minister to us as part of God’s loving care. They are a reminder that heaven is closer than we think, and that God is constantly at work on our behalf.”
— Billy Graham, Angels: God’s Secret Agents
Reflection Questions for Group Discussion:
How does it encourage you to know that God may send angels to minister to you even today?
Why is it important not to seek experiences with angels, but to trust in God’s Word and His presence?
Can you recall a time when you felt miraculously protected or comforted? Could an angel have been involved?
How should knowing about the ministry of angels deepen your trust in God’s providence and care?
Key Takeaway Thought:
Angels continue to serve God's people today — not in dramatic shows, but often in quiet, unseen ways that reflect God’s presence and protection. We don’t need to seek them out; we need only to seek God, who commands His angels concerning us (Psalm 91:11). Their ministry is just one more way He lovingly watches over His children.